Victim of a Monstrous Accusation
For his "right-opportunistic speech at the plenum of the Kirobkom of the party," O. Tynaev was expelled from the ranks of the party by the regional control commission of the VKP(b).
However, the decision to expel O. Tynaev from the party was not approved by the Central Control Commission of the VKP(b).
Party officials did not know what to do next with Tynaev. They couldn't just leave him in the republic, could they? They had one tried-and-true method in their arsenal. They resorted to it: under the pretext of studying, they sent him away. Let time smooth over the incident that had occurred.
O. Tynaev went to study in Moscow again, but this time in the graduate program of KUTV, where he studied for a year and a half instead of the required three. In early 1933, he was recalled to Kyrgyzstan and appointed deputy people's commissar of education of the republic. At that time, the people's commissar was the writer and literary critic Tokchoro Joldoshev, who did a lot for the development of culture and education of the Kyrgyz people. But O. Tynaev did not stay long in this position either. After 8 months, in October 1933, he was transferred to party work as the deputy secretary of the Karakol district committee of the party.
By this time, the situation around O. Tynaev had likely normalized. This is evidenced at least by the fact that he was elected as a delegate to the IV All-Kyrgyz Congress of Soviets (January 1-6, 1935) and was even elected a member of the Kyrgyz Central Executive Committee of the 4th convocation. However, in August 1935, he was once again subjected to party punishment—a reprimand. Unfortunately, there is no information in O. Tynaev's personal file regarding the reasons for this punishment. It was likely a consequence of the resolution of the IV plenum of the Kirobkom of the VKP(b) from July 30, 1935, "On Improving Party Work During the Inspection of Party Documents." The plenum of the party committee noted the unsatisfactory implementation in the Kyrgyz party organization of the Central Committee's instructions on improving party work. "District committees," the resolution stated, "have not fundamentally changed their methods of work and leadership, as confirmed by the inspection of the state of party work in a number of district committees of the VKP(b). '...In party education, seasonality still reigns, and there is no decisive turn towards studying the history of the party and especially its post-October period. Workers and collective farmers are completely insufficiently informed about the issues of the international and internal situation of the USSR and the policies of our party.'
Among the "sinful" district committees of the party, the resolution mentioned the Karakol district committee four times, where O. Tynaev was serving as secretary at that time. Specifically, the district committee was blamed for: completely unsatisfactory work in creating and nurturing party, and first of all, national cadres, improper use of district committee instructors, using them as permanent representatives for various campaigns, losing groups of sympathizers, holding open party meetings in villages (!?), and so on. The tone of the resolution was maintained in a friendly-business spirit, without any calls to strengthen class vigilance or insulting labels. This already sets a tone of trust in the objectivity of the facts contained in the party document. Indeed, there were many shortcomings in the work of party organizations at that time. They were evidently also allowed by the deputy secretary O. Tynaev. However, one accusation cannot be agreed upon, namely that "party meetings in the village are still usually held openly." Wasn't this line of the party resolution a result of Stalin's directive to turn the party into a closed organization similar to the "Order of the Sword-Bearers"?
Not even five months would pass before the next V plenum of the Kirobkom of the VKP(b), held from December 10-13, 1935, would turn everything upside down. In essence, it completely revised the previous plenum's resolutions on this issue in its resolution "On the Results of the Inspection of Party Documents." At this plenum, held in the spirit of the pogrom speeches of A. Ya. Vyshinsky, a whole series of outstanding party and state figures of Kyrgyzstan—Yu. Abdrakhmanov, Dzh. Sadaev, T. Joldoshev, and many others—were subjected to slander. Stuffed with dozens of political labels like "Trotskyists," "right-opportunist scum," "basmachis," "criminals," "nationalists," etc., the reports delivered at the plenum in a hysterical tone called for a decisive struggle against "enemies of the party and the people," to overcome softness and liberalism towards "anti-Soviet" and "anti-party elements." "The plenum believes," the resolution stated, "that the increase and sharpening of class revolutionary vigilance of the Kyrgyz party organization, achieved as a result of the inspection of party documents, must become the flesh and blood of every communist, thus becoming the quality that is especially necessary for Bolsheviks now." Hence, the liberal punishments imposed on party workers following the previous plenum threatened to escalate into punishments with unpredictable consequences. The Kyrgyz party organization was rapidly sliding towards a tragic line.
A tragic denouement was also approaching for O. Tynaev. Did he suspect that his past "mistakes" would not be forgiven so easily? Probably, yes! After all, the search for "enemies of the people," both imaginary and real, had been gaining momentum in Kyrgyzstan since 1932.
Observations of the activities of many high-ranking leaders, swept away by the principle-less political game and stubborn human passions, show that in the practice of the Stalinist system, a rule had developed—before sending a person to the execution block, they were appointed to some responsible position. Therefore, new appointments made people shudder. O. Tynaev also went through this trial. On November 20, 1936, the bureau of the Kirobkom of the VKP(b) designated O. Tynaev as the representative of the Kyrgyz ASSR in Moscow. On December 8 of the same year, he was relieved of his position as the first secretary of the Karakol district committee of the party. And on December 21, the bureau of the Kirobkom of the party made a new decision regarding Tynaev: "Cancel the decision of the bureau to nominate Comrade Tynaev as the representative in Moscow. The question of his further work will be determined after resolving the issue in a party manner." On December 30, the bureau of the VKP(b) issued another decision, marked "secret," allowing Tynaev to take leave from January 5 to January 20, 1937. These documents mark the end of O. Tynaev's personal file, which is now kept in the party archive of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan. Subsequently, events developed according to a familiar script.
O. Tynaev was arrested on charges of involvement in a counter-revolutionary nationalist organization—the never-existing Social-Turanian party, which was accused of fighting to overthrow Soviet power and restore the power of the bai and manaps, as well as separating Soviet Kyrgyzstan from the USSR.
The absurdity of these accusations became evident. O. Tynaev fell victim to a monstrous slander. For the triumph of historical justice, it is necessary to correct this tragic mistake and restore the honest, unblemished name of Osmon Tynaev to the Kyrgyz people.
Accusation of O. Tynaev in Anti-Party Sins at the II Plenum of the Kyarobkom of the VKP(b)