Porcupine, Indian (Chutkur, Karmushtak).
The porcupine is a rare animal in Kyrgyzstan, an endangered species. Previously, it could be observed in large numbers throughout almost the entire territory of Kyrgyzstan. Today, encounters with this animal are extremely rare and few.
Externally, the porcupine is difficult to confuse with another animal. The largest rodent in Central Asia inhabits dry, open areas with thickets of shrubs and forest edges. The body length of an adult animal ranges from 60 to 90 cm, and the weight of the largest and plumpest individuals can reach up to 27 kg. However, it is very rarely seen, as it leads a nocturnal lifestyle.
Porcupines readily settle in caves that have their own microclimate.
Porcupines inhabit the foothills of the Kyrgyz Range, in the Talas Valley. They are common in the lower parts of the Chatkal and Fergana ranges.
They do not hibernate. Their diet consists of both plant and animal food. This includes green parts of plants, shoots, roots, bulbs, seeds, and fruits. They also consume various invertebrates.
At night, they can travel several kilometers from their dwelling. When caught off guard by an enemy, the porcupine bristles up, loudly rustling its tail rattles, presenting its quills to the foe.
Reproduction in Kyrgyzstan is completely unstudied. According to survey data, a litter usually consists of 1 to 5 young, typically 3 to 5. Young porcupines begin to emerge from their burrows in May. In Uzbekistan, it has been established that mating occurs in early spring, and there is only one litter per year consisting of 2 to 4 young. They are nursed with milk until early to mid-June. By the end of July, young porcupines reach half the size of adults, and by August, they begin to lead an independent life. Sexual maturity is reached at the age of two years, and gestation lasts 60 to 90 days. In the wild, porcupines live 10 to 15 years, and in captivity, up to 20 years.
Listed in the Red Book of Kyrgyzstan.
Red Book