How to choose and pack a tourist backpack?
Choosing a hiking backpack requires special care. After all, this item will accompany you on various journeys, and your comfort will depend on its operational characteristics.
Therefore, when choosing a backpack for hiking, you need to pay attention to many details, which we will try to highlight in this article.
Tourist hiking backpacks are divided into trekking, assault, and expedition types—each type is designed for different kinds of hikes. They can be framed or frameless in design. The suspension system is important in tourist backpacks: straps, tensioners, and a hip belt. The convenience of using the backpack depends on the flap and pockets. There are women's models of backpacks that differ from universal ones in some design features.
What are the differences between framed and frameless backpacks?
In terms of design, hiking backpacks can be divided into anatomical framed and soft frameless types.
Frameless backpacks do not have a rigid frame and consist of a soft bag. The larger the backpack, the harder it is to evenly distribute weight inside, as items tend to accumulate at the bottom due to gravity.
Modern frameless backpacks are made from ultra-light materials, weighing around 1 kg.
Most backpacks have a volume of up to 30 liters, but there are also larger ones—up to 80 liters.
Framed backpacks have a rigid frame made of metal or plastic tubes connected together. This helps the backpack maintain its shape. In such a backpack, weight is evenly distributed across the back, making it easier to pack.
The frame can be inside or outside the backpack. In short hikes, the internal frame can be removed. The external frame cannot be removed.
Framed backpacks are more versatile and comfortable but weigh 1-2 kg more than frameless ones of the same volume.
What is a trekking backpack?
A trekking backpack is a simple small or medium-sized backpack made from durable synthetic waterproof fabric. Its design can be framed or frameless.
A small trekking backpack is needed for short, uncomplicated hikes: for picnics, mushroom and berry picking, or fishing. The volume of the backpack ranges from 20 to 50 liters.
A standard trekking backpack has a volume of 50-80 liters. It is used for hikes lasting 1-2 weeks. A 70-80 liter backpack can hold a tent, sleeping bag, gear, and food.
What is an assault backpack for?
An assault backpack is needed for short ascents in the mountains and small hikes in difficult conditions—during bad weather when the ground is icy, snowy, or muddy. The backpack has a streamlined shape, with one or two pockets or none at all.
The volume ranges from 20 to 50 liters.
Assault backpacks are made from very durable high-tech materials that withstand maximum loads and extreme conditions.
The design of the assault backpack allows for assault gear to be hung on top: ropes, crampons, and ice tools.
What distinguishes an expedition backpack?
An expedition backpack has a complex, well-thought-out design, made from high-strength waterproof material and has a large volume. For serious hiking, skiing, and mountain expeditions lasting two weeks or more, a backpack with a volume of 90-100 liters is taken. Backpacks with a volume of 100-150 liters are used by canoeists.
An expedition backpack features an ergonomic internal frame, a dense strong bottom, a built-in or detachable storm cover, a separate entrance to the lower compartment, and an adjustable height top flap.
It must have a hip belt, adjustable straps, and back support.
It is important to note that today there are many types of hiking backpacks designed for use in specific conditions. Nevertheless, among the main features, attention should be paid to the following:
1. Volume and weight of the backpack
A hiking backpack should have enough volume to fit all necessary items, but it should not be too heavy for the traveler. A trekking backpack of 40-45 liters is optimal for short one- or two-day outings into nature, as well as for longer trips where you do not take a tent and provisions for several days. For longer hikes, a backpack with a volume of 60-80 liters is needed, and for serious expeditions—90-105 liters. Backpacks with larger volumes—up to 150 liters—are usually used by canoeists.
2. Fabric of the backpack
Currently, the most common materials for backpacks are various composite synthetic materials, such as: avizent, oxford, or cordura. In terms of their properties, these fabrics are very similar; some are less durable but lighter, while others are stronger and, accordingly, heavier. Synthetic fabrics absorb water slowly, do not rot, withstand heavy loads well, and do not deform in the sun.
3. Seams of the backpack
Special attention should be paid to the seams when choosing. After all, they bear the "mission" of connecting the individual elements of the hiking backpack. The sturdiness of the seams will determine the durability of the backpack itself. In quality backpacks, seams are reinforced with side seams or covered with special tape. In this case, they will not unravel even under conditions of intense loads. At the same time, ordinary stitching can lead to weak points and, consequently, the need for backpack repairs.
4. Back of the backpack
The back of any hiking backpack should be as comfortable as possible while allowing the body to "breathe." Many manufacturers use special mesh for this, often reinforced with plastic inserts for added rigidity. Modern backpacks often feature a floating suspension system, which allows the backpack to be adjusted to your height and body shape.
5. Straps of the backpack
The straps of the backpack should be soft enough (but still hold their shape well), durable, and pleasant to the touch, so they do not chafe the shoulders. Their width should be at least 6-8 cm. Curved straps are more comfortable than straight ones, as they fit better on the shoulders. It is important that they are not positioned too widely or too closely together—if too wide, the backpack will wobble and slide off the shoulders; if too close, it will chafe and press on the neck muscles (by the way, some brands have a system for adjusting this area). The length of the straps should be adjustable with lower straps, and the upper part of the backpack and straps should be additionally connected with tensioners, which can pull the backpack closer to the back and adjust the center of gravity.
Some manufacturers make ventilated straps—this is not so important in regular trekking backpacks, but this option is very relevant in the narrow segment of specialized backpacks for high-speed disciplines (e.g., sky running or ski mountaineering), where the weight of the gear is crucial.
6. Chest strap
A chest strap is an optional element for medium-sized backpacks, but it can be useful if the suspension system does not suit you well or if the loaded backpack is too heavy. The strap helps secure the straps on the chest so they do not slip and fall off, transferring part of the weight from the shoulders to the chest. A chest strap can be purchased separately if needed.
7. Hip belt of the backpack
Any modern tourist backpack should have a hip belt. Approximately half of the weight of the backpack should be transferred to the hips; otherwise, you won't get far on your hike. This is precisely what the hip belt is for, and it should be chosen much more carefully than the straps. When choosing, pay attention to the width of the belt. It should not be too narrow or too wide. The optimal width is about 10 cm. An important element of the belt is the buckle. The wings of the fastened belt should be 10-20 cm apart, and the buckle should easily and quickly unfasten with one hand—this is an important safety requirement.
Currently, the two most popular types are "trident" and "quick release." Both options allow for quick unfastening of the belt. The only downside of such fasteners is their lack of durability. Therefore, it is better to take care of replacements in advance and buy spare parts.
8. Flap of the backpack
The presence of the so-called "flap" is also a significant element when choosing a backpack. Structurally, the flap is a small backpack designed to hold essential items. There are detachable flaps and sewn-in ones. The first type is more convenient as it can serve as a standalone backpack for short walks or as a soft pillow in a tent. Do not put valuable items in the flap; during rain, it takes the brunt of the impact. The second solution is to use a special waterproof cover, which is often included with more expensive models. It does not take up much space, is easy to access, and completely covers the entire backpack, leaving openings for the shoulders and waist.
9. Pockets
On one hand, extra pockets add weight to the backpack, catch on foreign objects, and negatively affect its waterproof properties (most of these problems can be solved with a protective cover). On the other hand, they make it easier to keep all items organized, allowing for easy access without disrupting the packing of the backpack.
In general, side mesh pockets will not be superfluous, as they are convenient for storing water bottles, maps, and useful small items that should be at hand. Detachable pockets can make the backpack more versatile, allowing for weight and volume adjustments to suit various needs.
10. Straps
Straps help regulate the volume of the backpack, reducing it so that items do not rattle around and are evenly distributed throughout the length of the backpack. Therefore, vertical and side straps should form a frame around the backpack, evenly supporting its contents.
11. Hardware of the backpack
As for the hardware of tourist backpacks, it should be not only durable but also convenient. Despite their small size, the quality of the hardware affects the comfort of using the purchased item. YKK and Nifco are considered the gold standard. Pay attention to all zippers, fasteners, and attachment elements. If possible, it is better to check each element and ensure its reliability and convenience.
12. Price and manufacturer of the backpack
By following the simple rules outlined above, you can choose a good and comfortable hiking backpack. Many brands offer this product in the Russian market. When choosing a tourist backpack, everyone should clearly define for what specific purposes they will use it. Based on this, the choice will be made in favor of one model or another. The price usually depends on brand recognition, production localization, and the greed of intermediaries. It is not always worth chasing famous brands if
You like a backpack from a less well-known manufacturer, carefully assess its advantages and disadvantages, and make an informed choice based on the results.
How to properly pack a backpack for hiking: features of selecting items
The golden rule for packing a hiking backpack is to take only the necessary minimum. Of course, it’s tempting to bring a new magazine or your favorite pillow on the trip, but every extra item will weigh you down, significantly slowing your movement and causing a lot of inconvenience.
To ensure that tourist backpacks for short hikes are equipped with the essentials, true professionals of active recreation have long used a list that includes only the "right" items (for hikes in warm seasons):
a spacious tourist backpack with additional rain protection (a special tarp or cover);
a sleeping bag;
a tourist mat;
a rain cover;
a tent;
two pairs of shoes. It is recommended to pack sturdy and non-slip shoes for the main journey and a spare pair (do not take new shoes that have not been tested in action);
two pairs of pants and tops or sweaters;
thermal underwear and several sets of regular underwear;
2-3 t-shirts;
it wouldn’t hurt to pack a jacket or windbreaker in case of cool weather;
a swimsuit;
a hat;
sunglasses;
warm and cotton socks (two to three pairs);
tourist utensils for eating (don’t forget to take a folding knife on the hike);
personal hygiene items;
a towel;
a first aid kit;
hiking gear for breaks and movements in the dark (matches, flashlight, compass);
trash bags.
It wouldn’t hurt to additionally grab your passport, medical insurance, and money.
How to properly pack a backpack: features of weight distribution
All items you plan to pack in the hiking backpack should first be divided into separate groups by weight category—heavy items, medium items, and small items.
If possible, try not to pack items for the hike directly into the main compartment, but rather secure items to maximize usable space (for example, during packing, fill the pot with food or compactly folded spare clothing sets, and only after that pack items to fill the main space compactly).
The main rules for proper packing of items and weight distribution:
the lightest items should be placed at the bottom;
heavy items should be placed in the center of the space, shifted towards the back. If you place heavy items at the bottom, you will add significant strain to your back and will surely feel the full spectrum of discomfort in your neck and shoulders.
Properly packing heavy items along the spine significantly reduces the overall load, transferring the main weight to the hips;
medium items should be carefully placed around the heaviest elements;
an unchanging advantage of hiking backpacks is the presence of carabiners and attachment systems for securing various items externally. However, when securing equipment, it is also necessary to follow weight distribution rules—for example, a heavy tent or pot should be placed at the top, while a lightweight tourist mat can be secured at the very bottom.
How to pack essential items
After a few days on the trail, everyone decides for themselves which items are essential. Typically, quick access is needed to food, water, flashlight, map, and a few first aid items. Essentials can be packed in external pockets or at the very top of the main compartment of the tourist backpack.
Adjusting fasteners, checking the comfort of the packed gear
Once you have finished packing your hiking gear, it's time to check how comfortable it will be to travel with it for several days over rough terrain. To do this, simply put on the gear and walk back and forth a bit (put the backpack on your hip first). Even such a short test will reveal any shortcomings. For example, you may need to adjust the straps and belts further. If the backpack is unstable or you do not feel balanced with it—repeat the entire packing procedure, redistributing the weight more evenly.
If nothing is pressing, breathing is not restricted after fastening the hip belt, and the center of gravity is not shifting—you have perfectly completed the task and prepared for the hike like an experienced tourist.
General recommendations on how to properly fold items
Before setting off on your journey, it is strongly recommended to check the following parameters:
the total weight of the gear should not exceed 1/3 of the owner’s weight. If the assembled kit seems excessively heavy, it is better to take extra time to unpack unnecessary items or replace them with lighter alternatives;
items should be packed without tilting; otherwise, the carrier will lose balance and tire too quickly. Additionally, losing balance with a heavy load can be dangerous for health;
the backpack should not be higher than the head of the carrier;
if items do not fit, but are essential for the hike, try using regular food wrap (you can wrap bulky sweaters or change of clothes in the wrap, significantly reducing their volume).
Important tips
Be sure to check the availability and functionality of a lighter (matches) before heading out. Remember, an adult requires 3 liters of water and 2000 calories daily for normal body function.
And the last rule for packing a backpack—try not to hang items on the outside of the backpack, as they often disrupt balance and shift the center of gravity in an undesirable direction. Additionally, if you need to navigate through forest trails, items hanging on the outside tend to catch on everything, causing a lot of inconvenience, and they can get damaged, ruining your experience. If you must hang something, let it be a sleeping mat (ideally, it should be placed inside around the perimeter of the backpack, but often this reduces the volume of the backpack by twenty percent or more). Also, items like an ice axe, an axe in a protective cover, and a rope, which often do not want to fit in the backpack and are frequently needed on the way.
Get rid of unnecessary items! (with a quality sleeping bag, there is no need for a thermal blanket).
A properly packed tourist backpack is the key to a successful journey, comfort, safety, and health (optimal weight distribution will allow you to forget about discomfort in your neck and shoulders and quick fatigue).