According to information from the Ministry of Finance, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is experiencing significant growth in its budget revenues. From January to September 2025, revenues increased by 41.2% compared to the same period in 2024. Last year, the revenue amounted to 304 billion 316.3 million soms, while this year, this figure reached 429 billion 742.5 million soms.
After the victory of the February bourgeois-democratic revolution, power in Russia passed into the hands of the Provisional Government, which represented the interests of large capitalists and landowners, determining its policy, including economic and financial. The slogan proclaimed by it, "War to a victorious end," meant for large capital that the super-profits from military supplies under government contracts flowed to the usual address. On the other hand, continuing the war was
Financial hunger. The first paper money - banknotes - were issued in Russia in 1796. Unlike the gold coins that existed at the same time, they did not have a fixed exchange rate. Their value often fluctuated, and they were almost always valued lower (sometimes several times) than their nominal value. In the first third of the 19th century, Russia operated a bimetallic system, where gold, silver, and banknotes circulated simultaneously. In the 1830s, preparations began for a monetary reform,
The oldest means of monetary circulation in our region is considered to be, as in other Eastern countries, livestock, tools of production and labor. Archaeological studies of the earliest monuments of Central Asia, including Tian Shan, also show that cowrie shells - a type of marine gastropod mollusk - were used as money. These shells are oval in shape, resembling white porcelain, and were often used as ornaments. Due to their shape, they were also referred to as "snake heads" or
As a rule, ancient money commands respect: it has seen and known much, sometimes containing secrets that remain unsolved for centuries. For instance, the material from which a coin is made allows us to conclude what metals were used at that time, how various alloys were composed, and whether the blanks were processed by casting or forging. If you weigh several identical coins, you will get an answer to the question of what units of measurement our distant ancestors used. Are you interested in
