1937 in Kyrgyzstan

The Main Work of Professor Polivanov in Frunze

In 1919, E. D. Polivanov joined the Communist Party (which alienated him from the university faculty) and actively engaged in practical work among foreign representatives of the Comintern, especially the Chinese and Japanese. Then he focused on fundamental scientific work in Eastern languages and comparative linguistics. He became a recognized specialist in comparative linguistics of the Indo-European direction. His works were published abroad. Polivanov was one of the first and most

29.09.2022, 20:50

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

The Growth of Kyrgyzstan's Military-Industrial Potential in 1942

As a result of the titanic efforts of the Communist Party and the selfless labor of the working class in the spring, summer, and autumn of 1942, the military-industrial potential of Kyrgyzstan continued to grow steadily. The gross output of all industries by the end of 1942 amounted to 296.8 million rubles, which is an increase of 15.3 million rubles compared to 1940. The pace of production of essential goods for the front and defense industry was rapidly increasing. This is evidenced by the

29.09.2022, 20:27

"Semetey" in prose

Semetey. Semetey's Journey to Aichurek. Part - 1

After that, Semetey set off on his journey. Driving fourteen horses before him and taking with him the sons of twenty-five khans, accompanied by Kulchoro and Kanchoro, he rode in search of Akshumkar to the city of Akhun-khan. They traveled without stopping day or night, and when they approached the borders of Akhun-khan's lands, they stopped at one place to rest. After resting, Semetey took the spyglass left by the gray-maned Manas and began to survey the lands of Akhun-khan and the

26.09.2022, 18:49

Shabdan Baatyr

Certificate of Granting the Rank of Cossack Senior Officer to Shabdan Djantaev and Awarding Him Golden Watches and a First-Class Honorary Robe

St. Petersburg, December 24, 1883 The Main Staff hereby certifies that the Kyrgyz Manap Shabdan Jantayev was graciously conferred on May 14, 1883, the rank of Army Senior Officer, gold watches with a matching chain, and an honorary first-class robe.

26.09.2022, 18:23

Kyrgyz fairy tales

A Tale of Generosity Without Limits. Part - 3

Nine days the khan sailed the waves, and on the tenth he docked at the shore of the kingdom of the sorrowful prince. He was received well in the palace. The prince, upon learning of his purpose, said sadly: — You have traveled a very long way. Although I swore not to reveal my secret to anyone, I cannot refuse you, for otherwise you will not be able to fulfill the wish of your bride's father, and your marriage will be disrupted. So listen. This story began long ago when I was a very young

25.09.2022, 14:55

Kurmanjan Datka

The Participation of Shabdan-Baatyr in the Military-Scientific Expedition to Alai in July 1876

As is known, after the abolition of the Kokand Khanate, Kurmanjan Datka, along with her sons, unwilling to submit to the imperial government, took a desperate step—an unequal struggle against the imperial troops. In this regard, during the final stage of the conquest of the khanate, the Governor-General of Turkestan, K. D. Kaufman, wrote that "never before in Central Asia had the Russians experienced such a long and stubborn struggle. For the first time, we encountered an energetic

25.09.2022, 14:40

Culture

How is it customary to behave at the table in Kyrgyzstan?

It is no secret that Kyrgyz people are among the most hospitable in the world. The nomads, who lived in separate ails, treated unexpected visitors as guests from God (Kudai konok), always keeping a reserve of provisions for a hearty reception. A guest was a source of news. Moreover, the host was concerned about the safety of his family - hospitality towards a traveler guaranteed the nomad good neighborly relations with other tribes and peoples. At the same time, the traditions of hospitality

24.09.2022, 12:04

Meat and offal dishes

"Ulburchok" - the oldest national dish

In traditional cuisine, there were dishes with meaning, that is, speaking dishes. “Ulburchok” is not just food, but a dish that gives a person a sense of dignity, self-respect, and a good mood. But the most interesting thing is that the recipe for this ancient national dish has been preserved by ethnic Kyrgyz living in the village of Shaty in China. It is they who told researchers the story of its origin and the secret of this unique product.

24.09.2022, 10:43

Ethnography

Conclusions on the Study of the Settled Dwellings of the Southern Kyrgyz

The study of the sedentary dwellings of the southern Kyrgyz allows us to draw some conclusions. Settlements and estates among the southern Kyrgyz emerged at different times. The southwestern Kyrgyz (ichkilyaks) transitioned to sedentary living significantly earlier than the others. We were unable to obtain precise data on the timing of their transition to adobe dwellings, but by the mid-19th century, sedentary living already existed among the southern Kyrgyz. The presence of houses of the

22.09.2022, 15:29

"Semetey" - poetic story

Semetey. The Battle of Semetey with Abyke and Kyobesh. Part - 1

Kanykey was frightened and, crying loudly, She began to speak to Semetey in prayer: - The enemies Abyke and Kyobesh are no joke, So, prepare well for battle! Stubborn Semetey did not listen to his mother, Not wanting to know anything about Abyke and Kyobesh, He let her words pass by his ears And calmly lay down to sleep on his bed.

22.09.2022, 15:06

Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek

The Arrival of Evacuated Enterprises and Population in Frunze in October 1941

The temporary retreat of Soviet troops at the beginning of the war required urgent measures to relocate productive forces from the areas abandoned by the army and to create rear regions and additional military-economic bases in the east of the country. An endless stream of trains moved eastward, transporting equipment, evacuated enterprises, machinery, and inventory. Not only enterprises were evacuated, but also the population of the defense industry. The difficulty in addressing this task for

15.09.2022, 20:14

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

Cabbage White Butterfly - Zargyn White Butterfly

Cabbage White Butterfly - Pontia daplidice L. This is a medium-sized butterfly with white wings, on which dark veins are clearly visible. Unlike females, males have a less developed black pattern on their wings. The wingspan is 30–50 mm, and when at rest, they fold vertically upwards over the back. The body of the cabbage whites is slender, and the antennae are club-shaped. All three pairs of legs are normally developed.

15.09.2022, 19:55

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s

Prohibition of the Left Socialist-Revolutionary Party

It is a common belief that the beginning of the split between the Bolsheviks and the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries was marked by the latter's refusal to recognize the Treaty of Brest. In reality, the disagreements began even earlier. Two weeks after the October Revolution, a clash occurred over the closure of several bourgeois newspapers in Petrograd. The training of the Socialist-Revolutionaries let down the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries. They turned out to be more democratic than they

14.09.2022, 12:07

Kara-Balta - Black Ax

Kara-Baltin Experimental and Experimental-Optical Mechanical Plants. Part - 2

LLC "Kara-Balta Experimental Plant" One of the few machine engineering enterprises where production volumes are increasing. The company specializes in the production of metal structures, non-standard equipment, and industrial pumps. Its main consumers are not only large enterprises in Kyrgyzstan but also companies from neighboring countries. As of the first half of the year 2000, the production growth rate increased by 136.7%.

14.09.2022, 11:48

Ethnography

Sources and Historiography on the Tribal Structure and Genealogy of the Tian Shan Kyrgyz

In the sources, up until the 18th century, there is little information about the clan-tribal structure or genealogy of the Tian Shan Kyrgyz. However, some Persian-Tajik works from the 15th-16th centuries briefly mention legendary tribal unions: Otuuz-Uul and Kyrgyz, Ak-Uul ("the right wing") and Kuu-Uul ("the left wing") (Materials on History... 1973. P. 206, 207; RF IYAL NAN KR. Vol. 2. No. 5179), and this information aligns with genealogical traditions. The work of the

12.09.2022, 10:04

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Establishment of the Academy of Sciences in Frunze. Document No. 197 (December 1954)

Frunze, December 21, 1954. The Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on August 17, 1954, to organize the Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR. This historic decision reflects the ongoing concern of the Communist Party and the Soviet government for the steady rise of the economy and the flourishing of science and culture in the Kyrgyz SSR.

12.09.2022, 09:42

Women of Kyrgyzstan

Tazhinisa Abdurasulova

A young student of a seller, she enrolled in the Faculty of Economics at Kyrgyz State University. She became a commodity expert and then the head of the management of the Osh Regional Consumer Union. During the period of socio-economic reforms, Abdurassulova repeatedly started businesses from scratch. She took the risk of opening one of the first multi-profile firms in Kyrgyzstan, "Salamalik." In search of profitable goods, she reached the USA. She experienced both success and

11.09.2022, 14:26

1937 in Kyrgyzstan

Professor Evgeny Dmitrievich Polivanov

Professor Polivanov came to Kyrgyzstan at the personal invitation of the then-disgraced researcher of the Institute of Cultural Construction, former People's Commissar of Education of the Kyrgyz ASSR K. Tynystanov. They were acquainted in Tashkent, and Tynystanov decided to lure the famous linguist, creator of textbooks for Uzbek schools, to scientifically strengthen his native institute and revive the work on creating Kyrgyz and Dungan textbooks. Order No. 22, issued on July 21, 1934, by

11.09.2022, 14:11

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Kyrgyzstan "On the Development of the Stakhanov Movement During Wartime"

Assigning exceptional political and economic significance to the unprecedented rise in the creative activity of workers, the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Kyrgyzstan, in its resolution of April 7, 1942, "On the Development of the Stakhanov Movement During Wartime," recommended that party and economic organizations and enterprises make broader use of the experience of production innovators to prepare for a mass Stakhanov movement, as the main task—ensuring

08.09.2022, 20:11

"Semetey" in prose

Semetey. The Marriage of Semetey to Aychurek. The Quarrel of Semetey with Chinkodjo. Part - 2

At that time, Konurbay was already ninety-five years old, but he was brave, strong, and daring, all of which she liked about him. She was only troubled by the fact that he was of such advanced age. - If he were twenty-five or thirty years old, - she thought, - despite the fact that he is a kapyr, I would marry him to take revenge on Chinkodjo and Toltoy.

05.09.2022, 10:32

Kyrgyz fairy tales

A Tale of Generosity Without Limits. Part - 2

For many months he rode. Upon reaching the sea, he sold his horse to pay for passage on a ship. After landing, he walked for many days until he finally reached the city ruled by the far-famed king and his daughter. The khan's clothes were worn out, his shirt was tattered, and his boots were broken: tired and emaciated from the journey, the khan looked like a beggar and a vagabond. Nevertheless, he made his way directly to the palace and said: — I need the king and his daughter! Polite

04.09.2022, 14:19

Shabdan Baatyr

Issuance of a Certificate to Shabdan Jantayev for the Coronation of the Emperor in Moscow

CERTIFICATE ISSUED BY THE MILITARY GOVERNOR OF THE SEMIRECHENSKAYA REGION MANAP SHABDAN DJANTAEV, THAT HE IS AMONG THE DEPUTIES FROM THE LOCAL POPULATION OF THE SEMIRECHENSKAYA REGION TO ATTEND THE CORONATION IN MOSCOW City of Verny April 2, 1883

04.09.2022, 13:53

Kurmanjan Datka

Once Again About Shabdan

The history of a country is a delicate matter. Here, a careless word is enough to sow misunderstanding and discord. For example, an article about the Kyrgyz national hero Shabdan-baatyr, recently published in the newspaper "Slovo Kyrgyzstana," offends the feelings of those who cherish the memory of this man. In an interview published on April 15, 2011, in the newspaper "Slovo Kyrgyzstana," the great-great-grandson of Kurmandjan datka, Yu. M. Myrzapayazov, allowed himself to

01.09.2022, 12:36

Meat and offal dishes

Balgam - An Ancient Meat Dish of the Nomads

Balgam. This is an ancient meat dish of nomads, which was also specially prepared in very rare cases when meeting particularly honored guests. These guests could be the head of the yurt, a hero distinguished in battle, a great baatyr, or a storyteller of the epic "Manas" who visited their lands. To prepare this dish, they took a young black lamb. It was cut along the joints and placed in a cauldron with mare's milk. They lit a fire from juniper trees, which gave the dish a

01.09.2022, 12:16

Ethnography

Manor without a Courtyard and Fence in Southern Kyrgyzstan

The third type is a manor without a yard and fence, although the area in front of the house is referred to as a yard. Economic buildings are located in close proximity to the house in various configurations. The architecture of the houses is predominantly characterized by a high gabled roof of the Russian type. Such manors are concentrated in the eastern part of the region — in the Aksai, Soviet, Uzgen, and partly in the Nookat districts. Manors without a yard but with a house of the Fergana

29.08.2022, 12:59

"Semetey" - poetic story

Semetey. The Relocation of Semetey from Bukhara to Talas. Part - 2

Semetey set up his camp in this place With forty cripples, Belyokbay returned He brought with him five hundred Kyrgyz families With tears in his eyes, touched Bakay Buruulcha brought her son to Semetey Weeping, her son Kulchoro The son of Chubak – Kanchoro came Whom Kambar-choro raised

29.08.2022, 12:41

Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek

Heroes of Panfilov

The decisive moment in the defeat of the advancing fascist occupiers was the Battle of Moscow, where one of the first to engage in combat was the 316th Rifle Division, commanded by the military commissar of the Kyrgyz Republic, Major General I. V. Panfilov from Frunze. The division was formed by the governments of two republics: Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan from conscripted soldiers and was multinational in its composition. The soldiers of this division participated in the battles near Moscow in

22.08.2022, 13:08

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

The title translates to: "Tavolga Butterfly - The Colorful Butterfly of the Tundra."

The butterfly was discovered in 1758. This small-sized butterfly stands out well against the background of flowers, as it has a black body and wings with scarlet spots. The antennae are thickened towards the end in a spindle shape, the forewings are elongated, and the hindwings are twice as short. The forewings are dark, with a greenish or bluish tint. There are 4 large round red spots on the wing, and at the base of the wing, there are 2 elongated spots. The hindwings are red with a black

22.08.2022, 11:55

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s

Formation of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs)

The Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs) was formed in Russia in 1902 and made a loud statement with several shocking acts of terror against tsarist officials. They assassinated the Minister of Internal Affairs of Russia, Pleve, and Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov. In this way, they attempted to force the tsarist government to grant the people a constitution and civil liberties. The assassination of 20-year-old M. Spiridonova, the Tambov pacifier of peasants, Luzhenovsky, received

21.08.2022, 13:48

Kara-Balta - Black Ax

Machine Engineering in Kara-Balta. Part 1

JSC "Auto Repair Plant". One of the leading industries in the city, with 70 percent of its gross product volume accounted for by JSC "ARZ".

21.08.2022, 13:37

Ethnography

The Essence of Sanjyr

Sanjiра is an oral chronicle that reflects the genealogical branches of individual clans, tribes, and the nation as a whole, as well as historical events of past eras. As one of the important ideological institutions in the absence of a unified state administration, sanjira, along with customary law (adat, park), was related to the regulation of social relationships in society. In terms of structure and content, they encompassed all tribes, clans, and ethnic groups that formed the modern

18.08.2022, 11:01

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Transcript of the speech by the director of the agricultural institute Khudaibergenov. Document No. 196 (December 1954)

FROM THE TRANSCRIPT OF THE SPEECH BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE KYRGYZ AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE NAMED AFTER K. I. SKRYABIN KHUDAYBERGENOV AT A MEETING OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF KYRGYZSTAN Frunze, December 7, 1954. The Kyrgyz Agricultural Institute has been in existence since 1933. Over the years, it has graduated 1,637 agricultural specialists, including 248 Kyrgyz, among them: 399 agronomists, 138 silk specialists, 350 animal husbandry specialists, 709

13.08.2022, 12:13

Women of Kyrgyzstan

Ismailova Emilia Irincheevna

E. I. Ismailova is a prominent philosopher, public figure, Doctor of Philosophy, professor, passionate speaker with knowledge of foreign languages, head of the Department at the Bishkek Humanities University named after K. Karasaev, Vice-President of the World Academy of Professors, and a member of the Special Council for the defense of doctoral and candidate dissertations in philosophy and cultural studies at the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic. Professor E. Ismailova is

30.07.2022, 10:19

1937 in Kyrgyzstan

Sentencing of Tokchoro Joldoshev

Dzholdoshev and a number of other comrades were vilified at the V Plenary of the Kirgiz Regional Committee of the Party, which took place in December 1935. The plenary session was dedicated to the results of the verification of party documents in the Kyrgyz party organization. From the report of the second secretary of the Kirgiz Regional Committee of the Party: “... expelled from the party for supporting the Akhvostiev-Sydykov counter-revolutionary nationalist organization. Dzholdoshev, being

30.07.2022, 08:29

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

Selfless Labor of Kyrgyz Stakhanovites for the Eastern Front

The powerful driving force in awakening the creative activity and initiative of the masses in the struggle to increase labor productivity and boost the output of surplus products for the front was socialist competition. V. I. Lenin, after the victory of the Great October (in February 1918), wrote: “Our task now, when the socialist government is in power, is to organize competition.” He was the first to see in competition an inexhaustible creative force in increasing the productivity of social

27.07.2022, 20:48

"Semetey" in prose

Semetey. The Marriage of Semetey to Aichurek. The Quarrel of Semetey with Chinkodjo. Part - 1

When Kulchoro, the son of Almambet, turned twelve years old, and Kanchoro, the son of Chubak, turned fourteen, their strength was such that they could not find enemies to fight or even a mountain to lean on. Semetey called both of them, as well as Bakay, Sary-khan, and Ormon-khan, and said to them:

27.07.2022, 20:22

Kyrgyz fairy tales

A Tale of Generosity with No Limits. Part - 1

Once upon a time, there was a khan. One day, he deeply pondered his life and, finding no answers to his thoughts, decided to consult the people. He saddled his horse and rode out to the market square. The people gathered. The khan said: — My father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and his father and grandfather all sat on the khan's throne before me. You know many stories about them from your parents. Tales of their rule have been passed down from generation to generation. Tell me, were

24.07.2022, 16:53

Shabdan Baatyr

Awarding Shabdan Jantaev a robe for special merits

CERTIFICATE OF AWARD FOR SPECIAL MERITS OF HONORARY KYRGYZ SHABDAN DJANTAEV OF TOKMAK DISTRICT WITH A FIRST-CLASS VELVET ROBE Tashkent. January 20, 1882.

24.07.2022, 16:23

Kurmanjan Datka

Results of the Uprising Led by Pulat Khan in 1873 - 1876

The clan leaders of many southern Kyrgyz tribes, not connected with the court clique, began to contemplate a general uprising capable of overthrowing Khudoyar. However, they needed a leader with a loud name, necessarily from the ruling Ming dynasty - this was a long-standing tradition. When the true heir to the throne - Pulat-bek, who was leading a miserable existence as a student at a madrasa, refused this mission, a substitute was found, the very same mullah Iskhak Hasan-ulu. In the spring

22.07.2022, 19:24

Salads and appetizers

"Kyial" and "Cold" - salads made from tripe

SALAD "KYIAL" Tripe - 900g, carrot - 100g, radish - 200g, onion - 100g, vegetable oil - 100g, garlic - 20g, vinegar essence - 10g, ground red pepper - 10g, herbs and jussai - 15g. Boil the tripe, then cut the radish, onion, and carrot into thin slices (0.5x0.5), combine them, adding finely chopped garlic, vinegar, ground red pepper, pour cooled hot oil over it, and serve in a salad bowl, garnished with herbs or jussai.

22.07.2022, 19:00

Ethnography

The Emergence of Closed-Type Estates Among the Kyrgyz by the Beginning of the 20th Century

Gates of a closed-type estate. Batken district. The second type of estate is the closed-type estate. It fully embodies the traditions of medieval architecture. It has a rectangular shape, surrounded by a high adobe wall ("duval"), and externally resembles a feudal fortress. Round towers are constructed at the corners and sometimes at the entrance, and the wall features protrusions in the form of battlements. There is usually only one entrance to the estate, typically through high

21.07.2022, 14:02

"Semetey" - poetic story

Semetey. The Relocation of Semetey from Bukhara to Talas. Part - 1

Loading gold onto the one-humped camels After the joyful wedding, Semetey Said goodbye to Ismail and Temir And set off on his journey, taking Chachykey with him He handed the banner to Sara-khan Seeing that Akshumkar was bored Semetey stopped along the way To amuse himself with falconry

11.07.2022, 18:07

Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek

The First of the Kyrgyz to Become a Hero of the Soviet Union

The war required the mobilization of large human and material resources. It was the organization and leadership in carrying out these tasks that were to be ensured by the workers of the state apparatus of the capital. According to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 22, 1941, work began in the city on the general mobilization of military personnel. In the city and in the Frunze region, military units and formations were formed in 1941-1942: the 40th Rifle

11.07.2022, 17:57

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

Acalypha - Chaara Acalypha

Ascalaphus varius - Libelloides macaronius Scop. It is commonly referred to as "club-tailed." Ascalaphids are large insects resembling butterflies. The body length is 25-30 mm, and the wingspan is 35-40 mm. Their antennae have a club at the tip and are slightly longer than the body. The wings are yellow, transparent at the tips, with dark spots. It combines morphological features of a butterfly, dragonfly, and beetle: its head has club-shaped antennae like those of day-flying

10.07.2022, 14:10

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s

The Masses of Semirechye for a Peaceful Evolutionary Path of Development

On November 12, 1917, elections in Semirechye for the Constituent Assembly were disrupted by armed soldiers. In the voting for this body, the Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs) gathered over 50% of the votes nationwide, while the Bolsheviks received only 25%. The masses voted against left radicalism, for a peaceful evolutionary path of development.

10.07.2022, 13:50

Kara-Balta - Black Ax

"Karabalta Bread Factory JSC", "Karabalta-Sit LLC" and "Dos-Alko LLC"

JSC "Kara-Balta Bread Factory" The production of bread in the settlement of Kara-Balta began with the establishment of the sugar factory. The first workshop with a capacity of 2.5 tons per day opened in the same year as the sugar factory. The volumes of the leading production in the city increased, and the bakery expanded. The bread production was strengthened under the leadership of Boris Khusanovich Khusanov, and in subsequent years, Lyudmila Vasilyevna Oleinikova.

27.06.2022, 21:19

Ethnography

Management System in Various Kyrgyz Tribes

In higher hierarchical clan-tribal communities, blood relations, economic, and territorial ties weakened. In the tribe, political interests played a primary role, and the tribal organization regulated the system of military and power relations. Conflicts and armed confrontations occurred between tribes, as well as raids aimed at cattle theft. However, when a serious threat arose to the entire people, the scattered tribes could concentrate their joint efforts to repel the enemy. A unifying

20.06.2022, 22:58

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Opening of the Polytechnic Institute in the city of Frunze. Document No. 195 (August 1954)

FROM THE DECREE OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE USSR "ON THE OPENING OF A POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE" Moscow August 24, 1954 1. To accept the proposal of the Ministry of Higher Education and the Council of Ministers of the Kyrgyz SSR: a) to organize in the city of Frunze a Polytechnic Institute of the Ministry of Higher Education based on the technical faculty of the Kyrgyz State University with an enrollment of 200 students in 1954 and the start of classes on

16.06.2022, 19:15