KYZ SAYKAL - MAIDEN-WARRIOR In the memory of the Kyrgyz people, the name of the fearless woman—warrior from the Ketmen-Tyubinskaya valley in southern Kyrgyzstan, Saykal, the wife of the manap Ryskulbek Narbotoev, has been preserved. At a critical moment for her tribesmen, Saykal, dressed in male military armor, managed to organize a defense against a squad of foreigners who came to capture her wounded husband. In 1864, the Sayak tribe, numbering 10,000 families, led by manap Ryskulbek
TOMYRIS - QUEEN OF THE SAKAS In the first millennium B.C., vast expanses from the Danube to the Yenisei and Eastern Turkestan were roamed by related tribes, whom the Persians called Sakas and the Greeks called Scythians. It is believed that the term "Saka" meant "mighty man" (warrior). The Sakas were ancient inhabitants of the mountains and valleys of the Tian Shan. This is evidenced not only by rock paintings and individual accidental finds but also by treasures. In total,
UMAI - GODDESS OF FERTILITY The ancient Kyrgyz worshipped four natural elements: Sky, Earth, Fire, Water. The Sky was considered the masculine principle and was personified in the image of a mighty Bull, while the Earth represented the feminine. The Cult of the Sky arose from the cult of the Sun. The ancient Sumerians called the sun god Dingir, the Mongols - Tengri, and the blue Turks and Kyrgyz - Temp. Kok Tenir (Geshri) meant Blue, Eternal Sky. It encompassed all astral representations and
Apas Jumagulov on Kyrgyz Women The history of the development of world civilization is largely the story of the increasing role of women in the social development of society. There are many examples of selfless, and often self-sacrificing, service by women for the good of their country in the history of Kyrgyzstan. Women have repeatedly taken on the immense burden of responsibility for the future of the people and the fate of the homeland. The great spirit of women - the guardians of the
Left a Name for Future Generations and a Street Tursun Osmonova was one of the first active participants in the movement for the emancipation of Muslim women in the East and the first female Minister of Social Welfare in Kyrgyzstan. She was affectionately known among the people as Tursun-apa. Tursun Osmonova was born in the village of Uch-Uryuk in the Kemin district in 1900 into a poor family. Her mother died during childbirth, and a year and a half later, her father passed away. From the age
Zharkynaiym. In the political life of the Kokand Khanate, an interesting role was played by the wife of Sherali Khan (1841-1844), Zharkynaiym. Zharkynaiym (Khakim Aym) was born in 1802 into a wealthy family of a biya from the Saruu tribe. Her father, Asperdi Datka (historically known as Ajibek Datka), was a prominent statesman in the Kokand and Khiva Khanates. Asperdi Datka had two sons and two daughters - Zharkynai and Ziinat (Ziinat Datka).
The Fearless Zhanil Myrza In the legends of the Kyrgyz people, there is a story of love between the warrior girl Zhanil Myrza and the ruler Tylky Batyr. According to the tale, Zhanil is the leader of the Noyguts, a Kyrgyz tribe that lived in the eastern part of Kyrgyzstan in Kakshaal, near the border with China. Zhanil, a girl-warrior, is as strong and skilled in combat as a man, defeating him on the battlefield. She faithfully fulfilled her duty, placing the independence of her people and
The Emancipation of Kyrgyz Women The Kyrgyz are one of the oldest peoples of Central Asia. The first documented mention of the Kyrgyz dates back to 201 BC. Historically, the main occupation of the Kyrgyz for many centuries was nomadic and semi-nomadic livestock breeding, which was extensive in nature. However, livestock breeding was combined with agriculture, which was an inseparable part of the economy of nomadic tribes. This was the main reason why women held a high position among the
Kamyshev Alexander Mikhailovich Born in 1953 in Kemerovo region. In 1975, he graduated from Tomsk Polytechnic Institute, specializing in "Technology and Techniques of Mineral Deposits Exploration."
How Glory Got Its Order In November 1943, when it became clear that the war would end in victory over Germany, a new award was introduced — the Order of Glory. The initiative for its creation came from Stalin himself. Discussions about the regalia first took place in June 1943 at a meeting of the People's Commissariat of Defense, where the project for the Order of Victory was being discussed. The Order of Glory was intended to be awarded to privates and junior command staff for heroic
Duda Edievich Enginoev Scout; assistant commander; platoon commander of the 165th Separate Reconnaissance Company of the 125th Rifle Division, senior sergeant. Born on June 25, 1919, in the village of Psedakh, now in the Malgobek district of Ingushetia, in a peasant family. Chechen. Primary education.
Title of Hero of the Soviet Union Even today, among us, there are those who, without sparing their lives, defended our great country's right to exist, protected it, and performed heroic deeds. And as long as we have the opportunity to speak with living heroes or tell their stories, we must cherish this opportunity and make use of it. The highest distinction in the USSR was the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. This title was awarded to citizens for personal or collective merits before
Shishkin Arkady Dmitrievich Platoon commander of the 93rd separate sapper battalion (16th rifle division, 2nd Guards Army, 1st Baltic Front) sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on August 25, 1914, in the village of Lenskiy, Orlovsky district of Vyatka province (now the village of Lena in the Verkhoshizhem district of Kirov region) in a peasant family. Russian. In 1927, he graduated from 4 grades of primary school in the village of Zheltie in the same
Filchakov Mikhail Ivanovich Mikhail Ivanovich was a Soviet serviceman, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, a full knight of the Order of Glory, a reconnaissance observer of the 120-mm mortar battery of the 170th Guards Rifle Regiment, and a Guards Private at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. He was born in 1910 in the village of Lyubitsk (now in the Pugachevsky District of the Saratov Region). In 1939, he moved to the city of Frunze. On January 4, 1942, he was
Dmitry Andreyevich Temlyakov Born on February 21, 1924, in the village of Molochnaya Gora, Sasovsky district, Ryazan province (now the village no longer exists, territory of Kadomsky district) in a peasant family. He graduated from 9 grades. In 1937, the family moved to the "Santash" state farm in the Tyup district of the Issyk-Kul region (Kyrgyzstan), where Dmitry worked as a toolmaker until he was drafted into the army. On October 16, 1942, Temlyakov was drafted into military
Sidler David Mordkovich Full Knight of the Order of Glory, commander of the crew of a 45-mm gun of the 74th Guards Rifle Regiment (27th Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 1st Belarusian Front), Guards Sergeant. Born in the city of Tulchyn, he lived in the capital of Kyrgyzstan, the city of Frunze (now Bishkek), since 1941, working as the head of supply and sales at a bread factory.
Abdurashid Parpiev Participant of the Great Patriotic War, full cavalier of the Order of Glory, chairman of the Kalinin collective farm in the Karasuu district, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Kyrgyz SSR for two convocations. Born on January 14, 1914, in the village of Shark, Karasuu district, Osh region of Kyrgyzstan, in a peasant family. Of Uzbek nationality. Received a secondary education. Worked as the chief accountant at the Molotov collective farm in the Osh district.
Plotnikov Dmitry Tarasovich Commander of a squad of the rifle company of the 837th rifle regiment (238th rifle division, 49th army, 2nd Belarusian front), sergeant – at the time of the award for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on October 10, 1923, in the village of Kolpak, now Gaysky, until 1962 – Novoorsky, district of Orenburg region, in a peasant family. Russian. Education is incomplete secondary. Worked in a collective farm.
Chyntemir Jakshylykovich Osmonov Soviet serviceman, participant of the Great Patriotic War, full knight of the Order of Glory, mortar gunner of the 44th Guards Rifle Regiment, Guards Sergeant. Born on May 5, 1923, in the village of Kurbu, Tyup District, Ak-Suu, Issyk-Kul Region of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz. He lost his father early and began working from childhood. He completed 7 grades of school. Worked in a collective farm.
Vladimir Sergeyevich Olkhovsky Commander of a platoon of the 216th Rifle Regiment (76th Rifle Division, 47th Army, 1st Belorussian Front), sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on December 25, 1925, in the village of Grodikovo, now in the Zhambyl District of the Zhambyl Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in a peasant family. Russian. Moved with his parents to Kyrgyzstan, lived in the village of Kirovskoye (now Kyzyl-Adyr), then in the village of
Vasily Ivanovich Kurov Commander of a separate anti-aircraft machine gun platoon (47th Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 1st Belorussian Front), Guards Senior Sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st Class. Born on November 16, 1915, in the city of Novo-Uzen, now in the Saratov region, in a peasant family. Russian. Graduated from 7 grades. Worked in a collective farm. From 1936 to 1938, he served in the Red Army in the Far East. After being discharged to the
Kovpak Alexey Pavlovich Commander of the gun of the 235th Guards Rifle Regiment (81st Guards Rifle Division, 7th Guards Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front), Guards Senior Sergeant – at the time of the award nomination for the Order of Glory 1st Class. Born on November 11, 1918, in the village of Zelenoye, now in the Petrovsky District of Kirovograd Oblast, in a peasant family. Ukrainian. Member of the VKP(b)/CPSU since 1944. Received primary education. Worked as an electrician at the Petrovsky factory
Abdykasyim Karymshakov Air gunner of the 75th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment (1st Guards Assault Aviation Division, 1st Air Army, 3rd Belorussian Front), Guards Sergeant. Born on April 27 (May 10), 1909, in the village of Kurmenty, now in the Tyup District of the Issyk-Kul Region (Kyrgyzstan), in a peasant family. Kyrgyz. Graduated from 7 grades and a mechanics school in the city of Samarkand (Uzbekistan). He returned to his native village with the profession of a mechanic-driver and quickly
Kadykulov Idris (Idiris) Commander of a platoon in the 103rd Separate Engineer Battalion (53rd Rifle Division, 7th Guards Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front), junior sergeant – at the time of nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on May 2, 1917, in the village of Kosh-Bulak, now in the Batken region of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, into a peasant family. Kyrgyz. Education: secondary. Worked in a collective farm.
Ismanov Khusain Gunner of the 76-mm gun of the 86th separate guards anti-tank artillery division (82nd Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 1st Belorussian Front), Guards Sergeant. Born on January 24, 1924, in the village of Orok, now in the Sokuluk District of the Chuy Region of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, in a peasant family. Kyrgyz. Completed 7 grades of school. Worked as the secretary of the village council of the "Djal" collective farm in the Alamedin District of the same
Ivanov Mstislav Borisovich Born on January 3, 1924, in the city of Kostroma, now the regional center of Russia, in the family of a civil servant. Russian. His father worked as a physics teacher at a vocational school, was arrested in 1930, and sentenced to 5 years as a former sub-lieutenant of the tsarist army. He was released after three and a half years and began working as the deputy head of the Kuznetsk Basin power station. The family moved to Uzbekistan, to the city of Katta-Kurgan in the
Dudko Fyodor Ivanovich - commander of the artillery crew of the anti-tank artillery battery of the 20th Tank Brigade of the 11th Tank Corps of the 1st Guards Tank Army of the 1st Belorussian Front, sergeant major - at the time of being nominated for the Order of Glory of the 1st class. Born on September 25, 1903, in the village of Grebenikovka, now in the Trostyanets district of the Sumy region (Ukraine), into a peasant family. Ukrainian. Completed 4 grades of school. He was a foreman of a
Salieva Urkuya In the very heart of the capital of our homeland, among the weeping willows, majestically stands one of the most beautiful monuments to Urkuya Salieva. Among the Kyrgyz people, she is known as a political figure, an activist for social reforms, and a fighter for freedom. Urkuya Salieva was born on February 17, 1911, in the village of Besh-Burkan (now the village of Taktek), in the Nookat district, to a poor peasant family. It is hard to imagine that a woman from the East, raised
Gudimenko Nikolai Ivanovich Born in Frunze on February 24, 1924. Gunner of the 849th Yassy Artillery Regiment (294th Cherkassy Red Banner Order of Suvorov and Bohdan Khmelnytskyi Rifle Division, 73rd Rifle Corps, 52nd Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front), sergeant.
GLOTOV Nikolai Timofeevich Commander of a squad of machine gunners of the motorized battalion of machine gunners (3rd Guards Tank Brigade, 3rd Guards Tank Corps, 5th Guards Tank Army, 1st Baltic Front) Guards Sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st Class. Born on May 8, 1923* (Another year of birth – 1924 is indicated in front-line documents) in the village of Ananyevo, now in the Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan, in a peasant family. Russian. In 1937, he graduated
Gerasimov Mikhail Kuzmich Air gunner of the 90th Guards Assault Aviation Staro-Konstantinov Regiment (4th Guards Assault Aviation Kiev Red Banner Order of Kutuzov 2nd Class Division, 5th Guards Assault Aviation Vinnitsa Red Banner Orders of Kutuzov 2nd Class and Bohdan Khmelnytsky 2nd Class Corps, 5th Air Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front), Guards sergeant – at the time of nomination for the Order of Glory 1st Class. Born on October 20, 1920, in the village of Zelenaya Rosha, Barnaul County, Altai
F.A. Fielstrup - one of the first ethnographers studying the Kyrgyz One of those who stood at the origins of Soviet ethnographic science, but whose name was unjustly forgotten for many years, was F.A. Fielstrup (February 19, 1889 - December 7, 1933). Fedor Arturovich Fielstrup was born in St. Petersburg into the family of an electrical engineer.
Bukhantsev (Bukhantsov) Kirill Ivanovich – assistant commander of the platoon of the 681st rifle regiment (133rd rifle division, 40th army, 2nd Ukrainian front), sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on July 17, 1919, in the village of Lebedinka, now in the Alamudun district of Chui region, Republic of Kyrgyzstan, in a peasant family. Russian. Primary education. Worked in a collective farm, then in a production cooperative. In 1939, he was drafted into
Bulankov Dmitry Grigoryevich - assistant commander of the platoon of the 176th rifle regiment (46th rifle division, 2nd shock army, 2nd Belarusian front) sergeant – at the time of the award for the Order of Glory of the 1st class. Born on February 23, 1914, in the village of Kurakovo, now in the Chebulinsky district of the Kemerovo region, in a working-class family. Russian. Completed 4 grades of school. Worked in a gold mining mine in the Tisulsky district of the Novosibirsk region.
Baytursunov Nasyr (in the decree - Nasir) – commander of the crew of a 45-mm gun of the 1086th Rifle Regiment (323rd Rifle Division, 33rd Army, 1st Belorussian Front), sergeant. One of the few full knights of the Order of Glory, awarded four Orders of Glory. Born on November 18, 1918, in the village of Kokomeren, which is part of the modern Jayil District of Chuy Region, Kyrgyzstan, in a peasant family. Kyrgyz. Graduated from 7 grades and the Frunze Pedagogical College. Worked at the school in
Mikhail Petrovich Badigin - Tank Destroyer Badigin (in the Decree - Badygin) Mikhail Petrovich - commander of the artillery crew of the 266th Guards Army Anti-Tank Artillery Regiment of the 8th Guards Army of the 1st Belarusian Front, Guards Senior Sergeant. Born on October 21, 1923, in the village of Surulovka, now in the Novospassky District of the Ulyanovsk Region, in a peasant family. Russian. Completed 10 grades. Worked in the Karasuy communication department of the Omsk Region.
Beishev Usen - Participant of the Great Patriotic War. Full Knight of the Order of Glory. Served in the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army from August 1942 to December 1946. Military specialty — gunner, commander of the gun of the 83rd Guards Rifle Regiment (27th Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 1st Belorussian Front) Guards Sergeant. Since 1968, he has been a retired Guards Senior Sergeant. Born on October 10, 1922, in the village of Kochkorka, now in the Kochkorka District of
Aubakirov Mannaf (Mannaf) Aubakirovich - commander of the artillery crew of the 375th separate anti-tank artillery division (312th rifle division, 69th army, 1st Belorussian front), senior sergeant. He was born on August 26, 1926, in the city of Zaisan, Zaisan district, East Kazakhstan region, in a peasant family. He was Tatar. A member of the VKP(b)CPSU since 1945. In 1939, he moved with his parents to Kyrgyzstan, to the village of Kochkorka in the modern Naryn region. He completed 7 grades
Golden Star The Title "Hero of the Soviet Union" The highest degree of distinction - the title "Hero of the Soviet Union" was established by the Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 16, 1934. The Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR approved the Regulation on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on August 1, 1939, the medal "Golden Star" was
Abramov Alexey Fyodorovich Rifleman of the 116th Tank Brigade (8th Mechanized Corps, 70th Army, 2nd Belarusian Front), Red Army soldier. Born on December 31, 1925, in the village of Danilovka, now in the Belebeyevsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan, in a working-class family. Russian. In 1935, he moved with his parents to Kyrgyzstan. In the city of Jalal-Abad, he completed 7 grades of school. With the onset of the war, he began working as a laborer on a state farm, then worked at
Jusup Mamai, the Great Narrator of the Epic "Manas" He was born on May 4, 1918, in the village of Merkech, Ak-Chiy District, Kyzyl-Suu Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. At the age of seven, he learned to read and write. He recounted the epic "Manas" up to the eighth generation. According to him, the epic consists of 500,000 lines.
Tashtanbek Akmatovich Akmatov — Kyrgyz state and political figure. He was born in September 1938 in the village of Kok-Sai, Ton District, Issyk-Kul Region. In 1969, he graduated from the Issyk-Kul Agricultural Technical School, and in 1977 — from the Kyrgyz Agricultural Institute (by correspondence).
Mitalip Mamitovich Mamitov — Soviet and Kyrgyz neurosurgeon Born on December 16, 1939, in the village of Kok-Zhar, Nookat District, Osh Region. In 1958, he graduated with honors from Kok-Djar Secondary School and entered the Kyzyl-Kiya Medical College, and then, in 1960, he enrolled in the Kyrgyz State Medical Institute in Frunze, which he also graduated from with honors.
Beksultan Zhakiev - People's Writer of Kyrgyzstan, playwright, screenwriter, professor. Born on January 16, 1936, in the village of Bokonbaev, Ton District, Issyk-Kul Region. In 1953, he graduated from school in his native village and went to Frunze to continue his studies.
Iskhak Razakov — First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan. Razakov Iskhak Razakovich was born in 1910 in the village of Koroson in the Leilek district (now Batken region). Named Isak at birth, he was later mistakenly recorded as Iskhak in documents. He lost his parents early: at the age of 3, he lost his mother, and at 10, his father, a miner. He was raised first in an orphanage in the city of Khojent, and then in a boarding school in Tashkent. In 1931, he
Dooronbek Sadyrbaev, Kyrgyz film director, writer, and public figure Born in 1940 in the village of Apyrtan, Nooken district, Jalal-Abad region. Kyrgyz. Graduated from secondary school No. 1 in the settlement of Nooken (1957) and the Leningrad State Institute of Theatre, Music and Cinematography (1969).
Kuliipa Kunduсhalova Born June 15, 1920, in the village of Kara-Jigach, Alamudun District, Chui Region — a Soviet Kyrgyz stateswoman, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Culture of the Kyrgyz SSR. In 1938, she graduated from the Frunze (Bishkek) Pedagogical Technical School. After graduation, she was assigned to work in the village of Kulanak (Tien Shan Region), where her labor and pedagogical activity began.
