Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Outcomes of Popular Movements in Central Asia in the 19th Century

The uprisings and revolts that took place in Kyrgyzstan, as well as in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan in the 19th century, had deep socio-economic roots. They were prepared by the entire course of historical development of the region's population during the period in question and stemmed from the socio-economic and political situation that had developed in the region in the 19th century. The historical conditions under which the struggle of the masses for social and national

15.05.2022, 09:38

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The 1916 Uprising - An Important Role in the Life of the Kyrgyz People

Speech by the residents of Uzgen On July 25, the residents of Uzgen spoke out. The protest lasted until July 29. Participants, armed with sickles, pitchforks, sticks, and other tools, threatened to kill the village elders and demanded the issuance of household lists. Fifteen police officers and a punitive detachment who arrived at the scene did not dare to use weapons and engage in battle with the rebels, and were forced to lock themselves in the office of the volost administration. The

02.05.2022, 20:05

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The 1916 Uprising in the Osh District

The Uprising of 1916 in Kyrgyzstan The Uprising of 1916 in Kyrgyzstan was an organic part of the movement of the peoples of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, and some other national outskirts of Tsarist Russia, involving more than 10 million people. In Kyrgyzstan, especially in its northern regions, where the indigenous population was displaced from their settled lands, it took on an unprecedented scale and mass character. The protests here were marked by their duration and persistence. This uprising,

18.04.2022, 11:24

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Penetration of Revolutionary Ideas into the Masses of Turkestan

Propaganda of proletarian ideas in Turkestan by political exiles Political exiles, especially social democrats and other revolutionarily inclined individuals, despite their extreme scarcity and disorganization, engaged in political work even with their limited capabilities and called upon the local workers to fight against the tsarist autocracy. They sought, to some extent, to establish connections with social democratic organizations in the central industrial cities of the country, from which

03.04.2022, 11:21

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Political Exiles in Turkestan

Turkestan - A Place of Exile for Political Prisoners The penetration and spread of revolutionary ideas were facilitated by the friendly relations between the indigenous population and Russian labor migrants, which arose and developed through their everyday and long-term economic, domestic, and cultural interactions, despite the chauvinistic policies of the tsarist authorities and the nationalist actions of local exploiters. Moreover, the brutal oppressive policies of colonial authorities and

22.03.2022, 20:09

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Rebellion Against the Colonial Foundations of Tsarist Autocracy

National Liberation Uprising The uprising we are interested in took on a religious guise; however, this did not significantly affect the nature of the uprising. The rebels fought against colonial oppression for national freedom, not for the religion of Islam. It is worth noting that the insurgents did not harm Russian peasants who practiced a different religion. They attacked the tsarist military personnel, seeing in them the enforcers of colonial power, not because they were Russian and

27.02.2022, 21:13

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Who is Madali Ishan?

Military Prosecutor of the Turkestan Military District Court, Major General Dolinsky on Madali Ishan Madali Ishan was a representative of the working class. He was born in 1853 in the village of Min-Tyube in the Margilan district. The military prosecutor of the Turkestan Military District Court, Major General Dolinsky, who interrogated Madali Ishan and sentenced him to death by hanging in his report dated August 21, 1898, wrote: "His father (Madali Ishan's—K.U.) Muhammad Sabyr was a

17.02.2022, 11:25

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Heterogeneous Social Composition of the Performance of the Peoples of Central Asia in May 1898.

The Heterogeneous Social Composition of the Uprising of the Peoples of Central Asia in May 1898 In summarizing works such as "Essays on the History of the Communist Party of Turkestan," "History of the Kirghiz SSR," "History of the Tajik SSR," and "History of the Uzbek SSR," the uprising of the peoples of Central Asia in May 1898 is characterized as a national liberation uprising. The overwhelming majority of historians consider this uprising to be a

05.02.2022, 13:55

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

"The Andijan Uprising" - one of the complex events in the history of the peoples of Central Asia

Repression of the "Disobedient" Repressive measures related to the suppression of the uprising in question continued. Local feudal nobility, including the manaps who held the positions of volost administrators, took advantage of this situation. They extorted money, livestock, and valuables from the working people under the threat of arrest for allegedly participating in the "Andijan Uprising," and ruthlessly dealt with those representatives of the working class who showed

08.01.2022, 13:24

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Execution of Madali Ishan and His Associates

Madali Ishan and other participants of the uprising before execution Colonial Authority Against the Rebels A larger uprising occurred in the mountainous region of Andijan County, populated by Kyrgyz people. The number of participants exceeded 1,000. The rebels did not have a single leader and consisted of several groups, each of which numbered 200-300 people. The participants of the uprising were armed with clubs (sticks), spears, and partially with rifles and pistols. As noted in an official

25.12.2021, 13:04

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Andijan Uprising in May 1898

Andijan Uprising In 1885, Dervish Khan made several attempts to incite the local population of the Margilan and Andijan districts to rise against the Russian colonizers. In 1893, a similar attempt was made in the Kokand district by Babur Khan. However, the uprisings led by Dervish Khan and Babur Khan could not gain widespread support and were relatively easily suppressed. In May 1898, an uprising arose in the Fergana Valley. In literature, it is referred to as the "Andijan Uprising."

14.12.2021, 16:19

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The performance of Jetim Khan and Mamyr Mergenov in the spring of 1878.

The Rebellion of Jetim Khan and Mamyr Mergenov The uprising, which took place in June-July in Alai, Gulcha, and the area bordering Karategin, had much in common with the April uprising of the residents of these regions and was, in a sense, a continuation of it. These uprisings also had a popular liberation character. The driving force behind them were the laboring herders, supported by Uzbek farmers. Representatives of the feudal nobility also participated, and the laboring Uzbek population of

04.12.2021, 11:38

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Assistance of Batyr Shabdan to the Royal Military Detachment

Suppression of the Uprising of the Nomads of Alai and Gulchi In mid-1876, Shabdan, along with his 25 horsemen, actively participated in suppressing the uprising of the nomads of Alai and Gulchi. In July of the same year, the residents of these areas, numbering 2,000 people, refused to accept Russian citizenship and resisted the imperial punitive detachment led by Captain Kuropatkin, who was seriously wounded during the clash. The leaders of the rebels were Abdullabek, Omorbek, Sulayman

22.11.2021, 12:22

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Clashes of Rebels with Tsarist Punishers in the Summer of 1876

Uprisings of Indigenous People for Their Independence in the Summer of 1876 In the summer of 1876, several uprisings of indigenous people for their independence occurred in the same Alaï and in the area bordering Karategin. At the end of May and the beginning of June, herders migrating between Varukh and the Soq Gorge rose up. Their numbers reached up to 400 people. The uprising was led by Abdurakhman-mulla and Abdul-Karimbek, the nephew of Khudoyar-khan, who pursued their own selfish

10.11.2021, 16:41

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Heterogeneous Anticolonial Protests Against Tsarist Authority

Protests Against Tsarist Colonial Power by the Kyrgyz The anti-colonial protests were also a reflection of the uprising of 1873–1876, led by the aforementioned associates of Pulat-khan. It was directed against the tsarist colonial authority and had a national liberation character. Its eyewitness V.L. Tageev justifiably wrote: "An uprising erupted in Alai. The mountain settlement of Alai boiled and stirred, and bands (a group of rebels—K.U.) of brave batyrs began to swell with new forces.

17.10.2021, 17:43

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Defeats of Abdullabek by Skobelev's Punitive Detachment

Attracting Kurmanjan Datka to the Side of the Tsarist Authority On April 25, 1876, punitive forces approached Yangy-Aryk, where the participants of the uprising were vigorously preparing for a decisive resistance. The rebels blocked the path leading to them, set up several rows of stone barricades, and dismantled the bridge over the river. They believed their position was impregnable. However, they soon saw the punitive detachment, and a battle ensued. As noted in an archival document, a

04.10.2021, 20:38

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Anticolonial Protests of Indigenous Peoples in the Region in the 1880s-1890s

Anti-colonial Protests of Indigenous People Although in mid-February the entire territory of the former Kokand Khanate and the southern part of Kyrgyzstan were annexed to Russia, some high-altitude areas, particularly Alay, Gulcha, and Pamir, effectively remained outside the sphere of the Russian Empire. In these hard-to-reach areas, former associates of the executed Pulat-khan found refuge from the tsarist punitive forces: Abdullabek, Omorbek, Sulayman Udaychi, Valikhan-Tyure, and several

21.09.2021, 22:13

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Pulad-Khan — the Poor Kyrgyz Who Became a Khan

Mulla Iskak Asan oglu — Pulad-Khan The most loyal and consistent leader of the uprising of 1873–1876 was Mulla Iskak Asan oglu — Pulad-Khan (1844–1876). As evidenced by a number of archival documents and literary sources, Pulad-Khan was of common origin. The head of the Zaravshan department, A. Abramov, and military historian M. Terentyev emphasize that Pulad-Khan was a simple Kyrgyz. The ruler of Kashgar, Muhammad Yakubbek, and the Shah of Karategin, Muhammad Rahimbay, referred to Pulad-Khan

10.09.2021, 09:31

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Anti-Feudal and National-Liberation Character of the Uprising of 1873-1876.

"Kyl-kuyruk" Abdurakhman Aftobachi, who had recently returned from Mecca, where he went on pilgrimage, Isa-Auliye, known for his religious fanaticism, and other representatives of the feudal nobility, in an attempt to use the workers' protests for their own interests and direct it along an anti-Russian path, declared a jihad, i.e., a holy war against the "infidels" in August 1875, at the beginning of the second stage of the uprising. These individuals and other

20.07.2021, 09:23

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Joint Performance of Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, Tajiks, and Karakalpaks in the Uprising of 1873-1876.

Peasant Movement As the factual materials presented above show, the uprising of 1873-1876 was a joint performance of the working Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, Tajiks, and Karakalpaks, who suffered under the oppression of the Kokand feudal lords led by the khan. The commonality of their historical fate, the increasingly oppressive feudal burden, and the support of the tsarist authority united and raised the workers of these fraternal peoples to fight for popular freedom. National enmity and distrust among

08.07.2021, 17:01

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Support for the Rebels and Participation of the Local Population in the Uprising

Support for the Rebels by the Local Population The uprising of 1873-1876 began and unfolded as an anti-feudal and national liberation movement. Its driving forces were the Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and Tajik laborers, ordinary herders, artisans, and impoverished peasants, who were devastated by the predatory policies of the Kokand khan and his officials. Representatives of the feudal nobility also participated in this uprising. The occupation of a large part of the khanate's territory by Tsarist

20.06.2021, 08:25

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Preconditions for the Liquidation of the Kokand Khanate

Forced Liquidation of the Kokand Khanate The tsarism, the patron of the Kokand khans, failed to restore either the power of Khudoyar Khan or Nasr-ed-Din Khan. The imperial government, which had previously refrained from accepting the Kyrgyz, who inhabited the southern regions of Kyrgyzstan, as its subjects for tactical reasons, was now forced to liquidate the Kokand Khanate and annex its territory, including the southern part of Kyrgyzstan, to Russia on February 19, 1876, frightened by the

09.06.2021, 18:29

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Public Execution of Pulat-Khan (Mulla Iskak Asan Ogly)

Execution of Pulat-khan The day after the defeat at Uch-Kurgan, the city nobility of Margilan, trying to please the victors and save their own skins, appeared before the commander of the punitive detachment, expressing submission, and handed over 15 weapons belonging to the rebels led by Pulat-khan. The commander of the punitive detachment, Major General Skobelev, concerned that the uprising could flare up again, urgently organized a special group that included representatives of the feudal

28.05.2021, 16:32

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Defeat of Pulat-Khan at Uch-Kurgan

Uch-Kurgan Defeat of Pulat Khan Nasr-Eddin Khan, who was eagerly following the events in the khanate and seeking a suitable moment, attempted once again to regain the khan's throne with the help of the Tsarist regime after the defeat of the rebels in Assaka. On January 22, he left the city of Khojent and stopped at the village of Kainar (according to some sources, the village of Naimancha—K.U.) located 9 versts from Kokand. Here, Nasr-Eddin was preparing to seize power in the Kokand

20.04.2021, 09:10

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

January Clashes of 1876 Between Rebels and Punitive Detachment

January Clashes of 1876 Starting from January 3, a series of major clashes occurred between the rebels and the punitive detachment. In the suburban area of Andijan — Aryk-Musulman-Kul — the punitive detachment met with strong resistance from the local residents. Before the main battle, which took place on January 8, Abdurakhman Aftobachi and his associates left the city of Andijan and took a position near the city of Assake, preparing for a new uprising with its residents. From the morning of

03.04.2021, 20:40

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

"Winter Squad" Against the Kyrgyz and Kipchaks

“Winter Expedition” of the Tsarist Colonial Administration The Tsarist colonial administration decided to finally suppress the uprising and teach its participants a lesson that they would remember for a long time. To this end, it mobilized almost all available military forces. A new punitive detachment was formed under the command of General Skobolev, who had significant experience in suppressing popular uprisings. It was called the “Winter Detachment” or “Winter Expedition.” It consisted of a

13.03.2021, 19:11

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Destruction of the Kyshtaks by the Punitive Detachment of Colonel Pichugin

Heroic Resistance of the Uprising Kyrgyz At the end of November, despite his serious wound received in the battle near Andijan, Pulat-Khan moved from Assak, where he had been for about two months, to the city of Margilan. Along with him, up to 4,000 uprising Kyrgyz with 14 guns arrived in the city. The Margilan residents greeted them with joy. As emphasized by the commander of the punitive detachment Skobelev, who by this time had received the rank of general at the end of 1875 and at the

26.02.2021, 15:48

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Fierce Resistance of the Rebels in Autumn 1875 to the Punitive Detachment

Battle of the Rebels with the Punitive Detachment News of the success of the rebels in the city of Kokand and the expulsion of the hated Nasr-Edin soon spread throughout the khanate, instilling hope for the possibility of a successful struggle for social and national freedom. They triggered a significant rise in the people's movement. The uprising continued to strengthen, gaining wide momentum. The rebels interrupted communication between Khojent and Namangan. The rebels were approaching

14.02.2021, 17:14

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

"Punitive Operation Against the Rebel Workers in the City of Andijan"

Brutal actions of the punitive detachment against the rebelling Uzbek, Kyrgyz, Tajik, and Kipchak workers in the city of Andijan Failing to create discord among the rebels, the punitive forces began brutal military actions. One of the units of the punitive detachment, sent on September 30 for reconnaissance in the city of Andijan, literally swept away, burned everything in its path, and killed everyone it encountered. Its commander, Colonel Skobeleva, considering himself and other participants

07.02.2021, 18:35

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Andijan - Center of the Uprising in Autumn 1875

The Uprising in Autumn 1875 The uprising re-emerged with new strength in the second half of September 1875 in the eastern part of the khanate among the Kyrgyz and Kipchak semi-nomads. It quickly spread to settled areas inhabited by Uzbeks and Tajiks. The uprising was again led by Mullah Iskak Asan oglu Pulat-bek, who was soon proclaimed khan, and Abdurakhman Aftobachi. By the end of September, the rebels occupied the city of Andijan, whose residents joined them, and together they began to

31.01.2021, 12:57

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Reasons for the Popular Uprising - the Cruelty of Nasr-Eddin Khan

The Cruelty of Nasr-Eddin Towards Uzbek, Kyrgyz, and Tajik Workers On September 22, Nasr-Eddin Khan and the feudal lords surrounding him, trying to maintain power in their hands under the patronage of the tsarist colonizers, signed a treaty with the Turkestan Governor-General Kaufman, in which the Kokand Khan recognized himself as a submissive servant of the Russian government, renounced the right to direct diplomatic relations with other states, and any military actions without the permission

21.01.2021, 10:12

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Ultimatum of Colonel Skobelev to the Residents of Osh

The Transition of Feudal Nobility Representatives to the Side of the Tsar's Punishers. On August 29, the tsarist punishers led by Kaufman occupied the capital city of Kokand, attempting to force its residents into submission and to pay the kharaj, tanap, and other types of taxes for the year 1875. The collection of these taxes was entrusted to Mirza-Khakim. The residents of Margilan were punished for their active participation in the uprising. Despite the fact that on September 8,

15.01.2021, 10:20

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Battle of Mahram

Suppression of the Uprising On August 12, punitive troops began to suppress the uprising. There were a number of serious clashes between the punitive forces and the rebels. The insurgents, bravely fighting against the punitive troops, offered them strong resistance. Major General Bardovsky wrote about a clash that took place near Khojand in the 20s of August, stating that at the second crossing from Khojand, the punitive detachment was met by 7,000 rebels. The Cossacks under the command of

10.10.2020, 20:35

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Forced Struggle of the Rebels Against the Tsarist Colonizers in 1875

The uprising was not for the religion of Islam, but for social and national freedom. After the expulsion of Khudoyar Khan, the temporary allies of the uprising, Abdurakhman Aftobachi, Isa-Aluie, and other representatives of the feudal nobility, who pursued personal selfish interests unrelated to the interests of the rebellious working masses, proclaimed the obedient Nasr-Eddin as Khan. Information about this can be found in an official archival document. It states: "The clergy and elders

28.09.2020, 12:58

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Escape of Khan Khudoyar from Kokand in 1875

Capture of Kokand by the Rebels The despised khan, having lost most of his troops and lacking support even from those around him and his close associates, could not suppress the uprising with the very insignificant forces at his disposal. In these circumstances, the khan sought help and salvation from his patron, the imperial colonial administration. On July 20, he appealed to the Turkestan Governor-General Kaufman with a letter in which he tearfully begged to save him from the people's

18.09.2020, 10:56

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Struggle of the Workers Against the Kokand Khans and Their Patron — the Tsarist Authority in 1875-1876.

The Struggle of the Working People Against the Khans of Kokand and the Tsarist Authority. In the summer of 1875, a widespread popular uprising erupted in the khanate. It spread across the entire khanate and the regions inhabited by Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, and Tajiks. In historical literature, this uprising is referred to as the "Kokand Uprising," which does not fully correspond to its content, scale, and scope. Like previous uprisings, it was triggered by the sharply increasing

02.09.2020, 21:32

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Signing of the Trade Agreement between Khudoyar Khan and Governor-General von Kaufman

Orientation of the Uprising Kyrgyz Workers Towards Russia The Kyrgyz workers, fighting against the dominance of the Kokand Khanate, saw that the forces were unequal and that external help was necessary. Therefore, they sought protection, support, and assistance from Russia, expressing a desire to accept Russian citizenship. For this purpose, the participants of the uprising repeatedly appealed to the Russian authorities but could not achieve a positive response. The orientation of the rebels

13.08.2020, 21:07

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Features of the First Stage of the Uprising of the Kyrgyz 1873-1876.

The National Liberation and Anti-Feudal Character of the Uprising The first stage of the uprising has ended, which had some of its own peculiarities, as we will discuss below. Here we will only note that the period of the uprising lasted about one and a half years. The actions of the rebels were local and spontaneous in nature. They arose in one area or another in the southern part of Kyrgyzstan. The uprising had a wide scope and was characterized by its mass participation. It involved 42

28.07.2020, 21:45

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Assistance of the Tsarist Colonial Authority in Suppressing the Popular Uprising

Mumyn Shamurzakov In May 1874, 5-6 thousand Kyrgyz, nomadic in Kara Kuldzha, rose up. Led by Mamyr Mergenov, they occupied the village of Bazar-Kurgan, located 8 versts from Andijan. The rebels attempted to take the city of Andijan but were unsuccessful. A punitive detachment of 2,000 soldiers was sent against them. It managed to suppress this uprising and capture hundreds of prisoners, as well as many horses and various trophies. The leader of the rebels, Mamyr, was forced to flee to Russian

15.07.2020, 03:00

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Unsuccessful Performances of Kyrgyz Rebels in the Second Half of 1874.

Failures of the Kyrgyz Rebels in Their Struggle Against Punitive Forces The rebels occupied the kystaks of Akhmat, Nanai, and Kuk-Yar, whose residents joined them. The uprising quickly grew. It was supported by the local Uzbek labor population, who were suffering under the oppression of the khan and his officials. The rebels approached the city of Namangan. A punitive detachment was sent against them, led by the bek of that city. However, not daring to engage with the numerous rebels, this

20.06.2020, 10:50

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Iskak Hasan Uulu Pulat-Khan

Mulla-Iskak Asan oglu After the Battle of Khanabad, the Kyrgyz of the Adygine tribe, who were nomadic in the mountains located in the east of the khanate, rose up. They were joined by a part of the Kipchaks. However, their uprising did not gain widespread momentum and was soon suppressed by the khan's punitive detachment. Spontaneous, fragmented uprisings continued to flare up in various regions of southern Kyrgyzstan and in the southeast of the Kokand khanate. In the summer of 1873, the

15.06.2020, 23:01

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Uprising Led by Mamyr Mergenov in the Spring of 1873

Mamyr Mergenov — a man of humble origins The scattered uprisings of the rebels covered new areas of the Khanate, especially the southern part of Kyrgyzstan. The fight against feudal and khan oppression was joined by the ichkiliks, adyghines, tagays, munduzs, kushkas, bagyshs, basyms (kamans), karabagyshs, kytays, and several other Kyrgyz tribes and clans, as well as a significant part of the Kipchaks and the neighboring Uzbek population. In the spring of 1873, Kyrgyz nomads from the Andijan

05.06.2020, 15:50

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Punitive Operations of Khudoyar Khan Against the Rebels in 1873

The Spring Uprising of 1873 Against Kokand The uprising began in the spring of 1873. Its catalyst and immediate cause were as follows. At the end of March — beginning of April, the khan's tax collectors came to the Kyrgyz, who were nomadic in the southeast of Kokand, and demanded the payment of "zaket" and "haraj," the amounts of which had been tripled. The Kyrgyz, firmly refusing to pay these taxes, beat the tax collectors who had come to them. Several tax collectors

24.05.2020, 20:38

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Reasons for the Uprising Against the Khan of Kokand in 1873-1874

Uprising of the Masses in 1873-1874 This uprising was distinguished from the previous one by its scale, mass participation, duration, and historical consequences. The cause of the uprising was the increasingly oppressive feudal and khanate rule, the arbitrariness, and violence of the Kokand Khan and his officials. This is clearly illustrated in a letter from the rebels themselves (written in the autumn of 1873), addressed to the head of the Khojent district. In it, we read: "The Khan

05.05.2020, 11:42

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Performances of the Kyrgyz in the First Half of the 1860s

National Liberation Movement Against the Kokand Khanate On June 1, 1868, a clash occurred between the indigenous population and representatives of the tsarist regime in the Toguz-Toro area. The immediate cause was the attempt by representatives of the tsarist authority to arrest the grandson of the famous batyr Taylak — Markhan Osmonrva, while the underlying reason was the attempt to strengthen the colonial oppression of tsarism by introducing a new administrative structure in the mentioned

19.04.2020, 21:47

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Siege of the Pishpek Fortress

Plan of the siege of the fortress of Pishpek by Russian troops The Capture of Pishpek In October 1862, the Kyrgyz of the Solto tribe, inhabiting the central part of the Chui Valley, rose up. The reason was the arbitrariness and violence of the Kokand khans and their governors, and the immediate cause was the gross insult to the son of Baytik, Baisal, by the commandant of the Kokand fortress Pishpek (Bishkek), Rahmatulla. The rebels, led by Baytik batyr, acted decisively and boldly. Despite the

08.04.2020, 09:26

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

May Uprising of 1858 in the Southern Regions of Kyrgyzstan

The Uprising in May 1858 in Southern Kyrgyzstan. It took on a relatively large scale, distinguished by its massiveness. The uprising covered almost the entire southern part of Kyrgyzstan and the foothill areas of the Fergana Valley. The number of rebels reached up to 46,000 people. The cause of this uprising was the arbitrariness and violence of the major Kokand feudal lords led by Khudoyar Khan. Its catalyst, as everywhere, was the sharp increase in the khan's tax oppression. The first

31.03.2020, 01:26

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Chuy Kyrgyz Against Excessive Taxes from the Kokand Khanate

Uprisings of the Kyrgyz in 1850 - 1857. In the summer of 1850, part of the Chuy Kyrgyz, rising up again to fight, attacked the fortification of Pishpek, from which the Kokand military garrison had temporarily departed. The siege of the fortification did not last long, as the military garrison soon returned. They did not allow the rebels to gain a foothold and occupy the besieged fortifications. In the late 1850s, the nomads of Ketmen-Tube rose up. The cause of this, as everywhere, was the

21.03.2020, 19:34