Ingredients: Starch noodles - 120g, carrot - 130g, radish - 200g, vegetable oil - 100g, garlic - 20g, vinegar (3%) - 30g, ground red pepper - 10g, jusay or herbs - 10g. Preparation method: Cut the carrot and radish into strips, rub with salt, squeeze out the juice, season with pepper, mix with starch noodles and finely chopped garlic, and dress with vinegar and cooled heated oil.
The men's outerwear known as a robe is characterized by great diversity. In the past, it was considered improper to leave the house without it. During cold weather, men wore robes such as chapans, chepkens (chekmen), tons (postuns), and ichiks. Nowadays, "chapan" and "ton" continue to be worn. All of them are fastened on the right side, which is typical for the clothing of ancient Turkic nomads. The outerwear called "chapan" is made with cotton (or wool) and
At that time, Semetey, riding Taking Kulchoro and Kanchoro with him Catching many geese and bustards Were returning home to their aiyl from the hunt - You are always leaving me! Chachikey said, coming out to meet him Taking Akshumkara – the falcon with her Each time I miss you more and more!
In the mid-19th century, some influential manaps, realizing the significance of the sanjyr, began to record its content on paper. However, their first handwritten versions did not gain widespread distribution. Such records were essentially the genealogy of a specific ruler, manap, or biy, and in rare cases, of a clan. B. Soltonoev recalls a sanjyr record that has not survived to our time, made at the behest of the supreme manap of the Kara-Kyrgyz, Ormon-khan. The manap invited a literate
No more people remained who could oppose Semetey; he defeated all his enemies, married Aichurek, and became khan instead of his father Manas. The time came when he began to govern the people independently, encountering no resistance. One night, Manas appeared to Semetey in a dream and said:
Aldar had a goat as white as snow, with sharp, saber-like horns, fierce and aggressive. To prevent it from butting the children, the owner kept it tied up in the yard, under a shed. One day, after returning from a neighboring aiyl, Aldar found that the horned one was missing. "It seems the goat broke the rope and ran off into the field," thought Aldar, and he set off in search of it. He looked for the goat everywhere: in the fields and mountains, in gardens and ravines. But it had
This dish was mainly prepared by southern Kyrgyz tribes closer to autumn. At this time, the seeds of the maroo plant ripened; they were harvested, collected, and dried, then winnowed and cleaned. The cleaned seeds were ground for a long time in a mortar. Pre-cooked potatoes were mashed into a puree, to which maroo flour was added and mixed, along with salt and oil to taste. The dough was kneaded well, then rolled out, cut into squares, filled with maroo, and wrapped. The shape can be like that
Men's trousers were made from various materials. They used calico, home-produced fabrics, sheep and goat skins, suede, and factory-made fabrics (wool, velvet, dense cotton). The cut depended on the material. Trousers of all shapes were closed, and they were tightened with a woolen cord called "gashnik" ("ычкыр"), which was threaded through a fold and tied in front. The ends of the gashnik in the traditional costume of young men were decorated with embroidery made of
Aichuriek flew around all parts of the world In Kashgar, she saw the hero Kanytbek In Andijan, she met Synchibek In Margilan – the young Molabek She met Aikodjo’s son – Belerik No one pleased her She met Elemana’s son Teshtyuk with Koshoy Each one had already aged for her
When Toltoy’s wound healed, he began to consult with Chinkodjo. Sitting together, they reasoned as follows: - Akhun-khan will not voluntarily give us Aichurek, so let’s send our numerous army into battle. We will kill Akhun-khan, bind Adjibai and Tyumenbai by their necks like slaves, and take all their girls and young women, led by Aichurek, as spoils. If the Afghans dare to resist, we will wipe them out to the last one, destroy their homes, turn their city into a desert, and leave not a stone
As people say, it must have been so. According to legend, there lived a clever and resourceful man in a Kyrgyz village, named Aldar-Kose. One day, Aldar went to fetch water. Just as he was lowering the bucket into the well, he saw a notorious bandit approaching him. The bandit had many misdeeds to his name, and Aldar decided to punish the uninvited guest.
The recipe for this dish was found among the ethnic Kyrgyz in China (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region). This dish is prepared on special occasions, when meeting respected relatives or friends. The cooking process is very labor-intensive and lengthy, but the dish is worth the time and effort spent. After trying this dish with a smoky aroma and a subtle taste of meat and navat (fried sugar), a person will long remember its flavor. Ingredients: 4 heads of black ram Navat (fried sugar) 350-400 g
The main items of men's undergarments in the 19th century among the Kyrgyz were the open shirt and trousers. The open shirt — jegde (Fig. 133, a) was usually made from white calico or mat. Its cut was tunic-like. Slightly flared wedges were sewn onto the side edges. The length of the shirt was below the knees, and the sleeves covered the wrists. It was customary to sew in gussets (keshtak). The open collar was trimmed with a band that narrowed at the chest and was fastened with cords or
When Almambet's son, Kulchoro Turned twelve years old Chubak's son - Kanchoro Turned fourteen in response Their strength was such That they could not find a worthy enemy Or a mountain to lean on Or to fight the foe on the way
The sanjyra, as a historical source, consists of a structure made up of legendary and several historical layers. The legendary part mainly encompasses tales about the forty maidens, which form the basis of ancient historical tradition. Stories about Khan Ughuz and Turk Ata, as well as the name of the famous medieval Sufi Sheikh Mansur al-Hallaj, likely entered the sanjyra under the influence of book culture and the activities of Muslim missionaries. Among the legendary ancestors, the last
Kulchoro, upon learning of Toltoy’s departure, mounted Taiyburul, donned the semetey akolpok, and, taking his syrnayzu, galloped to meet the groom. He waited a long time for the enemy to appear and finally, without dismounting, leaned on his spear and fell asleep. Feeling Toltoy's approach, Taiyburul began to stomp his hooves on the ground and neigh, but Kulchoro still did not wake up. His sleep only ended when Taiyburul bit him. Awakening, Kulchoro first got angry at his horse, then
Bek-khan had six viziers — boastful and arrogant. They all boasted of their intellect. One day, Bek-khan was riding through the steppe with all his six viziers when they came across a poor yurt. Near it stood an old man.
This special soup is prepared and served in conjunction with the ritual "Bertik Suruu." Regardless of the ingredients, this special soup helped the sick person to get back on their feet, and the sick person was also aided by faith in the power of words, the ritual accompanying this dish, and the ritual "Bertik Suruu." This ritual has come down to us from the distant times of our ancestors. "Bertik" comes from the word "bertinip," which means a sharp pain
Among the ready-made items purchased by Kyrgyz people, in addition to light robes, were quilted chapans made by Uzbeks and fur coats (ichik). Kyrgyz people also bought men's shirts, tubeteikas, and leather shoes. Uzbek waist scarves (cotton and silk, with and without embroidery) became widely popular, as well as large women's scarves that came to the market from Eastern Turkestan and Bukhara. Various silver jewelry and corals, mother-of-pearl, precious stones, and pearls brought from
Among the forty choro, there were different people Smart and foolish, a brave one and a coward, and an enemy Gathered together, they discussed Among themselves, precisely, like this: - We have always defeated our enemies But the glory of fame only went to Manas Kankor is not any braver than us Despite this, we obeyed!
The analysis shows the continuity of historical and genealogical information in the sanjyra. A stable genealogical trace is represented by the legend of Dolon-biy and his descendants. In various versions of the sanjyra, he appears as the primordial ancestor of the Kyrgyz of the right ("on kanat") and left wings ("sol kanat"). In different versions, he is the progenitor of all major branches ("on kanat", "sol kanat", "ichkilik") of the
Let Semetey, exercising the right of a bridegroom, lie in the palace of Aichurek. Leaving him in peace, we will move on to the story of Chinkodjo and Toltoy. *** Ajibai, Aichurek's brother, was known for his remarkable eloquence, but he was a coward. Tyumenbai, another brother, was not eloquent, but he was brave.
It should be noted that the sage had a huge library. He gave me the keys to it and went off to the mountains to collect medicinal herbs and dig up healing roots. Unbeknownst to myself, I became engrossed in reading the books, and there was so much interesting and captivating content in them that I didn’t even notice how I forgot both my sorrow and the girl whom I seemed to love madly. The ringing in my ears disappeared, I felt my former strength returning to my body, and my mood lifted. When
According to the stories of the elders, each tribe kept the methods of preparing their warriors a secret, and among other things, each clan had its own recipes for food for them. The best provisions, believed to give strength to the warriors, were considered to be buttered wheat. The serving of the dish was invariably accompanied by prayers and sayings invoking victory and triumph in battles. Feeling the power from the food, the warriors would leave, inspired towards victory by the words and
The clothing of the southern Kyrgyz has not received special attention in literature. There are only fragmentary pieces of information, but they are characterized by an emphasis on national features and the uniqueness of Kyrgyz clothing. More detailed information can be found in the aforementioned works of V. I. Kushelevsky and N. S. Lykoshin. Valuable sources for studying the clothing of southern Kyrgyz people include ethnographic collections stored in the State Museum of Ethnography, the
When Semetey saw that Kёbёsh was dead He did not wish to do this at all Despair engulfed him with sadness Bitterly weeping, he began to lament: - Oh, I am a tailless and maneless kulan! I have become like a snake that has no legs I have no brothers, no relatives I have grown up all alone in this whole world! - I wanted to be in alliance with Abike To hand over the battle banner to Bakai To wage war against China To avenge the lion Manas with this!
The study of ethnogenetic information of nomadic tribes has been significantly contributed to by S. M. Abramzon and L. P. Potapov. They substantiated the historical-cultural and source-critical significance of oral genealogical traditions in the study of the ethnic and social organization of Turkic peoples. According to their conclusion, oral historical and genealogical information is indeed the people's historical knowledge, which they termed "folk ethnogeny." The scholars
After that, Semetey set off on his journey. Driving fourteen horses before him and taking with him the sons of twenty-five khans, accompanied by Kulchoro and Kanchoro, he rode in search of Akshumkar to the city of Akhun-khan. They traveled without stopping day or night, and when they approached the borders of Akhun-khan's lands, they stopped at one place to rest. After resting, Semetey took the spyglass left by the gray-maned Manas and began to survey the lands of Akhun-khan and the
Nine days the khan sailed the waves, and on the tenth he docked at the shore of the kingdom of the sorrowful prince. He was received well in the palace. The prince, upon learning of his purpose, said sadly: — You have traveled a very long way. Although I swore not to reveal my secret to anyone, I cannot refuse you, for otherwise you will not be able to fulfill the wish of your bride's father, and your marriage will be disrupted. So listen. This story began long ago when I was a very young
It is no secret that Kyrgyz people are among the most hospitable in the world. The nomads, who lived in separate ails, treated unexpected visitors as guests from God (Kudai konok), always keeping a reserve of provisions for a hearty reception. A guest was a source of news. Moreover, the host was concerned about the safety of his family - hospitality towards a traveler guaranteed the nomad good neighborly relations with other tribes and peoples. At the same time, the traditions of hospitality
In traditional cuisine, there were dishes with meaning, that is, speaking dishes. “Ulburchok” is not just food, but a dish that gives a person a sense of dignity, self-respect, and a good mood. But the most interesting thing is that the recipe for this ancient national dish has been preserved by ethnic Kyrgyz living in the village of Shaty in China. It is they who told researchers the story of its origin and the secret of this unique product.
The study of the sedentary dwellings of the southern Kyrgyz allows us to draw some conclusions. Settlements and estates among the southern Kyrgyz emerged at different times. The southwestern Kyrgyz (ichkilyaks) transitioned to sedentary living significantly earlier than the others. We were unable to obtain precise data on the timing of their transition to adobe dwellings, but by the mid-19th century, sedentary living already existed among the southern Kyrgyz. The presence of houses of the
Kanykey was frightened and, crying loudly, She began to speak to Semetey in prayer: - The enemies Abyke and Kyobesh are no joke, So, prepare well for battle! Stubborn Semetey did not listen to his mother, Not wanting to know anything about Abyke and Kyobesh, He let her words pass by his ears And calmly lay down to sleep on his bed.
In the sources, up until the 18th century, there is little information about the clan-tribal structure or genealogy of the Tian Shan Kyrgyz. However, some Persian-Tajik works from the 15th-16th centuries briefly mention legendary tribal unions: Otuuz-Uul and Kyrgyz, Ak-Uul ("the right wing") and Kuu-Uul ("the left wing") (Materials on History... 1973. P. 206, 207; RF IYAL NAN KR. Vol. 2. No. 5179), and this information aligns with genealogical traditions. The work of the
At that time, Konurbay was already ninety-five years old, but he was brave, strong, and daring, all of which she liked about him. She was only troubled by the fact that he was of such advanced age. - If he were twenty-five or thirty years old, - she thought, - despite the fact that he is a kapyr, I would marry him to take revenge on Chinkodjo and Toltoy.
For many months he rode. Upon reaching the sea, he sold his horse to pay for passage on a ship. After landing, he walked for many days until he finally reached the city ruled by the far-famed king and his daughter. The khan's clothes were worn out, his shirt was tattered, and his boots were broken: tired and emaciated from the journey, the khan looked like a beggar and a vagabond. Nevertheless, he made his way directly to the palace and said: — I need the king and his daughter! Polite
Balgam. This is an ancient meat dish of nomads, which was also specially prepared in very rare cases when meeting particularly honored guests. These guests could be the head of the yurt, a hero distinguished in battle, a great baatyr, or a storyteller of the epic "Manas" who visited their lands. To prepare this dish, they took a young black lamb. It was cut along the joints and placed in a cauldron with mare's milk. They lit a fire from juniper trees, which gave the dish a
The third type is a manor without a yard and fence, although the area in front of the house is referred to as a yard. Economic buildings are located in close proximity to the house in various configurations. The architecture of the houses is predominantly characterized by a high gabled roof of the Russian type. Such manors are concentrated in the eastern part of the region — in the Aksai, Soviet, Uzgen, and partly in the Nookat districts. Manors without a yard but with a house of the Fergana
Semetey set up his camp in this place With forty cripples, Belyokbay returned He brought with him five hundred Kyrgyz families With tears in his eyes, touched Bakay Buruulcha brought her son to Semetey Weeping, her son Kulchoro The son of Chubak – Kanchoro came Whom Kambar-choro raised
Sanjiра is an oral chronicle that reflects the genealogical branches of individual clans, tribes, and the nation as a whole, as well as historical events of past eras. As one of the important ideological institutions in the absence of a unified state administration, sanjira, along with customary law (adat, park), was related to the regulation of social relationships in society. In terms of structure and content, they encompassed all tribes, clans, and ethnic groups that formed the modern
When Kulchoro, the son of Almambet, turned twelve years old, and Kanchoro, the son of Chubak, turned fourteen, their strength was such that they could not find enemies to fight or even a mountain to lean on. Semetey called both of them, as well as Bakay, Sary-khan, and Ormon-khan, and said to them:
Once upon a time, there was a khan. One day, he deeply pondered his life and, finding no answers to his thoughts, decided to consult the people. He saddled his horse and rode out to the market square. The people gathered. The khan said: — My father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and his father and grandfather all sat on the khan's throne before me. You know many stories about them from your parents. Tales of their rule have been passed down from generation to generation. Tell me, were
SALAD "KYIAL" Tripe - 900g, carrot - 100g, radish - 200g, onion - 100g, vegetable oil - 100g, garlic - 20g, vinegar essence - 10g, ground red pepper - 10g, herbs and jussai - 15g. Boil the tripe, then cut the radish, onion, and carrot into thin slices (0.5x0.5), combine them, adding finely chopped garlic, vinegar, ground red pepper, pour cooled hot oil over it, and serve in a salad bowl, garnished with herbs or jussai.
Gates of a closed-type estate. Batken district. The second type of estate is the closed-type estate. It fully embodies the traditions of medieval architecture. It has a rectangular shape, surrounded by a high adobe wall ("duval"), and externally resembles a feudal fortress. Round towers are constructed at the corners and sometimes at the entrance, and the wall features protrusions in the form of battlements. There is usually only one entrance to the estate, typically through high
Loading gold onto the one-humped camels After the joyful wedding, Semetey Said goodbye to Ismail and Temir And set off on his journey, taking Chachykey with him He handed the banner to Sara-khan Seeing that Akshumkar was bored Semetey stopped along the way To amuse himself with falconry
In higher hierarchical clan-tribal communities, blood relations, economic, and territorial ties weakened. In the tribe, political interests played a primary role, and the tribal organization regulated the system of military and power relations. Conflicts and armed confrontations occurred between tribes, as well as raids aimed at cattle theft. However, when a serious threat arose to the entire people, the scattered tribes could concentrate their joint efforts to repel the enemy. A unifying
Among the forty choro, there were both smart and foolish, brave and cowardly. One day, gathering together, they began to discuss among themselves: - In the times of Manas, we defeated our enemies, but the glory went to Manas. Manas was no braver than us, yet we were his warriors and obeyed him. Should we now submit to his son?
Once upon a time, there lived a khan. One day he decided to test his viziers: — My viziers, — said the khan, — answer me, who is more generous: the one who has a lot of livestock, or the poor peasant? — Only a rich man with fat herds, — replied the viziers, — can be generous; what can you take from a beggar?