Natural Useful Flora of Kyrgyzstan
Groups of Useful Plant Species in Kyrgyzstan
Currently, useful substances have been found not only in flowering plants but also in spore plants. According to S. Ya. Shostakovsky, simpler carbohydrates, proteins, resins, and wax are present in mosses, alkaloids in clubmosses, and toxic substances in algae; seed ferns contain oils, and lichens have lichen acids used in medicine. The study of spore-bearing higher plants, as well as algae, fungi, and lichens, will undoubtedly increase the number of useful plant species in Kyrgyzstan.
From all of the above, the following preliminary conclusions can be drawn. The accumulation of a particular plastic substance in plants occurs as a result of adaptation to specific living conditions and in the struggle for existence, possibly also as a result of cellular activity.
Each family exhibits its own specific characteristics in the accumulation of plastic substances.
The higher the position of a family in the evolutionary line of the phylogenesis of flowering plants, the more complex its chemical composition, and the greater the adaptability of the plants to the environment. In different regions, the same species can accumulate different amounts (and even qualities) of plastic substances. By understanding the patterns of accumulation of plastic substances and the conditions under which their maximum accumulation occurs in various regions, one can artificially "substitute" the environment and achieve maximum accumulation of the desired plastic substances.
Further research on the useful natural flora should focus on understanding the patterns of accumulation of various plastic substances and scientifically mastering these patterns for the needs of the national economy, taking into account the conservation and renewal of plants.
It should be noted that in Kyrgyzstan, the natural useful flora, with the exception of forage, honey-bearing, food, and nut-bearing plants, is underutilized. As for medicinal plants, out of the numerous species represented in Kyrgyzstan, only 14 species are harvested by the Main Pharmaceutical Administration.
Analyzing the useful plant species of Kyrgyzstan, they can be grouped into the following categories:
Food and vitamin-bearing
Phytocidal
Resin-bearing
Oilseed
Essential oil-bearing
Ornamental
Sugar-bearing
Saponin-bearing
Dye plants
Inulin-bearing
Tannins or tannin-bearing
Fibrous
Starch-bearing
Insecticidal
Forage
Honey-bearing and pollen-bearing
Raticidal
Medicinal
Rubber-bearing or gutta-percha-bearing
