History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Organization in Frunze of the Kyrgyz Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Documents No. 140 - No. 141

RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE USSR "ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE KYRGYZ BRANCH OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR" Frunze January 5, 1943 The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR resolves: To allow the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR to organize in January 1943 in Frunze the Kyrgyz Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR based on the republican scientific

19.06.2020, 10:53

Ethnography

Embroidery and Patterned Chia Mats

Embroidery. This ancient art was the most accessible activity for girls and women. Embroidery adorned many household items (Chepelevetskaya, 1968. p. 78, 79; Antipina, 1962. pp. 97-124; Satybaldieva, 2008). Many embroidered items were part of the dowry that a mother prepared for her daughter with the help of relatives.

19.06.2020, 10:41

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Balhash Perch - Balhash Catfish

Balkhash Perch - Perca schrenki In the water bodies of Kyrgyzstan, representatives of this family were absent until the late 1950s, although the common river perch is native to the lower reaches of the Chu River (within Kazakhstan). In the 1960s, amateur fishermen introduced Balkhash perch into the water bodies of the Chui Valley. It is an endemic species of the Balkhash-Alakol water system. It differs from the common river perch — Perca fluviatilis — by its more elongated body, the absence of

16.06.2020, 12:10

Decorative and applied arts

Counting stitches of Kyrgyz artisans. The "tersayik" stitch.

Stitch "terskayik" The technique of execution, i.e., the stitch, is of great importance for the classification of embroidery. Usually, the nature of the stitch, the item being embroidered, the material, and the ornament are closely interconnected. Certain stitches correspond to specific ornaments, which are introduced with the emergence of new techniques, and then, as they are mastered, begin to acquire specific features characteristic of Kyrgyz ornamentation. In our analysis of

16.06.2020, 11:50

Meat and offal dishes

Dish of Kyrgyz cuisine — lamb stuffed with tail fat

Lamb Stuffed with Tail Fat Ingredients lamb 180 g garlic 5 g jussai (Chinese chives) 10 g tail fat 15 g radish 70 g onion 40 g bell pepper 30 g fresh tomatoes 20 g tomato paste 10 g eggplant 30 g pattypan squash 50 g salt, pepper to taste.

15.06.2020, 23:16

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Iskak Hasan Uulu Pulat-Khan

Mulla-Iskak Asan oglu After the Battle of Khanabad, the Kyrgyz of the Adygine tribe, who were nomadic in the mountains located in the east of the khanate, rose up. They were joined by a part of the Kipchaks. However, their uprising did not gain widespread momentum and was soon suppressed by the khan's punitive detachment. Spontaneous, fragmented uprisings continued to flare up in various regions of southern Kyrgyzstan and in the southeast of the Kokand khanate. In the summer of 1873, the

15.06.2020, 23:01

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas": The Return of the Kyrgyz from Altai to Their Homeland

The Return of the Kyrgyz from Altai to their Homeland Under the banners of their clans Finally leaving Altai, The Kyrgyz set out on a long journey — To the promised homeland. Everyone has one desire: To return quickly to Ala-Too, Where for ages The blood has fallen from the Kyrgyz umbilical cord. The turbulent streams of Ili With household goods and livestock Struggled through both swimming and wading. Bypassing the steep pass, They entered the valley of Uch-Aral, Along the rivers Konuz and

15.06.2020, 22:49

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Preparation of Labor Reserves. Document No. 139 (June 1942)

FROM THE DECREE OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR AND THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE PREPARATION OF LABOR RESERVES IN THE INDUSTRY OF THE KYRGYZ SSR" Frunze, June 8, 1942 ... 3. Organize in the city of Frunze:

12.06.2020, 10:14

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Interrogation Conducted by Khan Alooke

THE INTERROGATION CONDUCTED BY ALOOKE-KHAN IN ANDIJAN Having repelled all attackers, slaughtering everyone who resisted, destroying all who argued, with a fearsome cry, a fierce appearance, and an angry gaze, Khan Alooke seized the throne in Margilan. He held all six cities, including Kokand and Margilan, firmly in his grasp. Anyone who rose from the people, he imprisoned in an iron cage; any brave soul who dared to lift their head, he annihilated; in his anger, everyone feared him, afraid

12.06.2020, 09:58

Ballet

The Power of the Image Created by U. Sarbagishev on Stage

Images Created by U. Sarbagishev The next two years did not bring Sarbagishev much creative satisfaction. In partnership with E. Voievodkin and later with A. Abdurakhmanov, he performed in the episodic role of the friends of Phoebus in "Esmeralda," then danced the role of Prince Siegfried in "Swan Lake" and Desire in "The Sleeping Beauty." Both the productions themselves and the performance of these roles in the Kyrgyz theater were not innovative. In 1957, the

11.06.2020, 10:56

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

On Different Versions of the Epic "Manas"

A few words about the manaschi. Saginbay Orozbakov (1867–1930). A genius storyteller of "Manas." He was born in the village of Kabyrga on Issyk-Kul. He recited the entire trilogy of the epic. From Saginbay, 180 thousand poetic lines of "Manas" have been recorded. His version is distinguished by the depth of philosophical thought, epic multi-layeredness of the plot, unparalleled poetic quality, and richness of language. M. Baidzhiev places Saginbay on par with W.

11.06.2020, 10:37

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Aliens from the Flat Ferghana

The First Settlers Southwestern Fergana is a mountainous area that is part of the Turkestan Range and occupies its northern slopes. The region is divided into several landscape zones. The southern part features a high-altitude zone with alpine relief, while the northern part consists of parallel mountain ridges separated by longitudinal depressions or wide intermountain basins. There are two strips of depressions in the area. The northern strip includes the Tashravat depression. The southern

09.06.2020, 21:36

Osh - 3000

Deserved People of the City of Osh

People of Osh Who Earned Respect In the city of Osh, there have been a number of honorary and respected individuals over time. The residents of the city speak of them with great warmth and remember them with deep gratitude. Here they are. Among the long-time residents of the city is Djura Zainabitdinov. He was the first Komsomol member, secretary of the primary Komsomol organization, a teacher at the first Uzbek folk school, later a party worker, and currently heads the neighborhood committee.

08.06.2020, 08:23

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Reign of Weis-Khan

Weis-Khan After Ulugh Beg's campaign in 1425, the struggle for the throne of Moghulistan between Sher Muhammad and his nephew Weis-Khan flared up with renewed vigor. According to Muhammad Haidar, the latter roamed with his followers in the regions of Turfan - Lob-Nor and engaged in plundering. One of his companions was Emir Seyid Ali, the grandson of Khudaidad. However, Weis-Khan could not remain in those areas and, apparently under pressure from local rulers, was forced to flee to the

07.06.2020, 16:12

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Sander - Asp

Zander - Zander lucioperca - Lucioperca lucioperca The zander is a typical lake-river fish that can also live in brackish areas of the seas. Successfully acclimatized in our water bodies, this predator was introduced in the mid-20th century. Its acclimatization was particularly successful in Lake Issyk-Kul, where it found favorable conditions for reproduction and growth. However, the introduction of zander into Lake Issyk-Kul caused significant damage to the indigenous fish, many of which are

05.06.2020, 17:22

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

Hymn to the Great Silk Road

1600 Years of the Great Road In the decades following the death of Zhang Qian, his plan of "10,000 li" began to yield results. Dayuan and Wusun came under the sphere of Chinese influence. Trade communications, once fragmented and disconnected, now merged. Trade caravans from China began their journey from Chang'an and traveled to Dunhuang — a city on the border, near the Great Wall. From there, two routes branched out: the northern and the southern. The southern branch went

05.06.2020, 16:58

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Uprising Led by Mamyr Mergenov in the Spring of 1873

Mamyr Mergenov — a man of humble origins The scattered uprisings of the rebels covered new areas of the Khanate, especially the southern part of Kyrgyzstan. The fight against feudal and khan oppression was joined by the ichkiliks, adyghines, tagays, munduzs, kushkas, bagyshs, basyms (kamans), karabagyshs, kytays, and several other Kyrgyz tribes and clans, as well as a significant part of the Kipchaks and the neighboring Uzbek population. In the spring of 1873, Kyrgyz nomads from the Andijan

05.06.2020, 15:50

Decorative and applied arts

Craftswomen of Kyrgyzstan in Embroidery

Embroiderers The material on which southern Kyrgyz people embroidered is quite diverse. It includes leather, felt, fabric made of wool or cotton, silk or cotton braid woven by hand, on small looms, or on boards. Purchased materials were also widely used: fabrics of artisanal Central Asian or Kashgar production, and with the increase in the import of factory-made fabrics into Central Asia in the 1980s and 1990s — red cloth (manat), black velvet (barkut, bakhmal), which were especially highly

01.06.2020, 20:34

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic "Manas": A Tale of the Liberation of Turkestan from Chinese Invaders

Tale of the liberation of Turkestan from Chinese invaders Into valleys, mountains, and meadows Under the skies of the native land Through three roads across the steppe, Like three raging rivers, The Kyrgyz came from Altai. The military horn blared, The surnay shrieked piercingly. Like thunder, like a heavenly voice, The battle drum thundered. Under the red banner ahead With his retinue, Manas, Behind him, raising their banner, Kazakh Kokche, Noygut Chubak — By their mother, Kalmak, The head of

30.05.2020, 20:40

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of the BChK. Document No. 138 (May 1942)

DECISION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE FRUNZE CITY COUNCIL OF WORKING DEPUTIES ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE LARGE CHUI CANAL Frunze, May 1, 1942. 1. To propose to the Chairmen of the District Executive Committees to travel to the site within two days, familiarize themselves with the work, and take direct part in organizing the workforce, providing housing, food, and tools.

30.05.2020, 20:34

Kurmanjan Datka

Outstanding Conqueror of Central Asia M. E. Ionov

Ataman of the Semirechye Cossack Army Mikhail Efremovich Ionov When discussing the scientific trophies of the Russian army, it is worth mentioning the name of another outstanding conqueror of Central Asia, General of the Infantry, Acting Ataman of the Semirechye Cossack Army Mikhail Efremovich Ionov. This ambitious Russian officer and researcher of Turkestan was born in 1846 into a noble family in the Oryol province. As a student of the Oryol Bakhin Cadet Corps and the 2nd Military

30.05.2020, 20:25

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. How Manas Sowed Wheat and Bought Himself a Shark

ABOUT HOW MANAS SOWED WHEAT AND BOUGHT HIMSELF AKKULA Thanks to the fame of his son, who was previously called "bai Jakyp," the father now began to be called "khan Jakyp." Greedy for livestock, he could not bear that Manas was playing in the ordo, and one day he shouted: – May you perish, son, and I will slaughter all my livestock and bury you. They are only gaining weight, and you keep slaughtering my camels, which have only a palm's worth of fat; at this rate, you

29.05.2020, 16:45

Ballet

The Return of U. Sarbagishev to Frunze after Graduating from the Leningrad Choreographic School

Frame from the movie "Cholpon - Morning Star". Aydai - B. Beishenaliev, Nurdin - U. Sarbagishev. U. Sarbagishev's Return to Frunze After His Studies Uran Sarbagishev graduated from the Ural School in 1955. At the graduation exam, he performed in a dance duet — a pas de deux from the third act of the ballet "Swan Lake" and in the duet of the Bluebird and Princess Florina from "Sleeping Beauty". Never before had Uran danced like he did that memorable evening.

29.05.2020, 16:23

Main dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Salad "Susamyr" - cold appetizer

SALAD "SUSAMYR", cold appetizer — a dish of Kyrgyz cuisine. Susamyr is a very tasty and hearty dish. It is very easy to prepare at home. Cooking time — 120 minutes. Ingredients:

28.05.2020, 15:49

Decorative and applied arts

Embroidery - a widespread form of Kyrgyz folk art in the past

Embroidery Embroidery is one of the most widespread forms of Kyrgyz folk art in the past. The skill of embroidery was usually taught from the age of 10-12. Women passed on their mastery of embroidery to their daughters and granddaughters. National artistic style finds its most vivid expression in embroidery. It is manifested in the relationships of colors and in the richness of ornamentation. This type of applied art is a valuable source for revealing the unique features of culture and for

28.05.2020, 15:34

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

The Hard-Earned Author's Concept of "Manas" by M. Baidzhiev

The Book "The Great Campaign" Work on publishing the Russian text of "Manas" resumed in 1940, and Tashim Baidzhiev, being the head of the folklore sector, approached the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Kyrgyzstan with a proposal to complete the translation and publish "The Great Campaign" in full, i.e., up to the tragic outcome of Manas's campaign to China. However, this did not happen. Soon after, the war with Germany began. Manas

27.05.2020, 09:23

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Turkestan Stonebreaker - Turkestan Stonebreaker Appearance

Turkestan sculpin - Cottus spinulosus The Turkestan sculpin, like the Turkestan loach, is another exotic species of our ichthyofauna. It has 7-8 rays in the first dorsal fin, VII 16-17 in the second, and 11-14 in the anal fin. There are 30-35 pores on the lateral line. The back and sides are covered with small spines. The back is grayish-brown with small dark spots, which are also present on the fins. It reaches 10 cm in length and weighs 18 g. Males are larger than females.

27.05.2020, 08:55

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The State of Tugluk-Timur or Moghulistan

Division of the Descendants of Genghis Khan into Two Warring Factions Abd ar-Razzaq al-Samarqandi, in his account of Ulugh Beg's campaign from Aksu to the Ili Valley, mentions many new geographical features. According to his narrative, the Timurids crossed the Chu River, passed through the Abar-Kaitu, Khalkun-Babish, and Kaitu-Kutal mountains, where they built a watchtower and descended into the Aru-Yari valley. They then crossed the Charun River and stopped at Guriya-Turkesh and Kuk-Bine

27.05.2020, 08:41

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Studies on the Nature of the Relationships between Farmers and Nomads

Questions of Historical Interpretation. Currently, only preliminary conclusions can be made regarding the interpretation of the zoning of the examined monuments. In the preceding period - in the second half of the 1st millennium BC - the territory of Fergana was characterized by uniform burial monuments of the Eilat culture - Aktamsk type (6th-3rd centuries BC). In the next stage, during the Davani period (2nd century BC - 5th century AD), instead of one type, one culture, at least five local

25.05.2020, 22:14

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Punitive Operations of Khudoyar Khan Against the Rebels in 1873

The Spring Uprising of 1873 Against Kokand The uprising began in the spring of 1873. Its catalyst and immediate cause were as follows. At the end of March — beginning of April, the khan's tax collectors came to the Kyrgyz, who were nomadic in the southeast of Kokand, and demanded the payment of "zaket" and "haraj," the amounts of which had been tripled. The Kyrgyz, firmly refusing to pay these taxes, beat the tax collectors who had come to them. Several tax collectors

24.05.2020, 20:38

Osh - 3000

Streets, Squares, and Canals of the City of Osh

The Green Southern City The streets of the old city of Osh developed spontaneously. The construction was carried out without preliminary projects; the streets often ended in dead ends, were narrow, winding, with high adobe walls. Currently, the city has 593 streets, of which 308 have concrete surfaces and 161 are unpaved. The city has the microdistrict "Five-Year Plan" (1990-1994) with 50 streets, in the "Kalinin" area (1990-1994) — 80 streets, in the microdistrict

24.05.2020, 19:37

Main dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Ysyk Tоok - Chicken with Vegetables in a Pot

Ysyk took For preparing main dishes, meat, meat by-products, poultry, fish, flour, eggs, vegetables, cereals, and herbs are used. Various types of heat treatment are applied: boiling, stewing, steaming, braising, frying as the main method, deep-frying, and grilling over coals. Dishes of modern Kyrgyz cuisine can be served with any sauces and side dishes. Here is one of them.

23.05.2020, 13:43

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of a Monument in Frunze City to the Hero of the Patriotic War, General Panfilov. Document No. 137. (April 1942)

RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR "ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MONUMENT TO THE HERO OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR GENERAL PANFILOV" Frunze, April 3, 1942 In accordance with the permission of the SNK of the USSR, in addition to the resolution of the SNK of the Kyrgyz SSR dated November 23, 1941, No. 1123, the Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR resolves: 1. To approve for 1942, according to the plan for extrabudgetary capital investments,

23.05.2020, 13:26

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

The Burial Mound of Liu Zhaomi in the Tong Valley

Wild Custom Kunbag fell ill. His younger wife fussed around him with tears in her eyes. But she was soon pushed aside by the stout, powerful daughter of the steppes. The old man was moved to the Big Tent. — Oh, dear...— groaned the old man. — Even the dog laughs at the old wolf... What to do? Death is an uninvited guest for everyone.

23.05.2020, 13:15

Kurmanjan Datka

Commander of the Troops of the Turkestan Military District

Adjutant General of the Russian Army Konstantin Petrovich Kaufman The name of another military figure, who not only conquered a significant part of Turkestan but also the minds of Orientalists, is quite well-known. We are talking about Adjutant General of the Russian Army Konstantin Petrovich Kaufman. He is one of the graduates of the Nikolaev Engineering School (now the Military Engineering Technical University). Since 1844, he served in the Caucasus. During the Eastern War of 1853-1856,

23.05.2020, 12:53

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic "Manas". The Love of Manas and Kyz-Saykal

The Love of Manas and Kyz-Saykal In Uch-Turfane lived Karacha — A glorious elder from Kalmykia. The old man was very proud Of his beautiful daughter Saykal. But what no one knew in the whole region Was that the girl was she, Hiding her hair under a helmet, She, like a true warrior, Wielded a sword, spear, and shield. When Tekes killed himself And Teiysh was chosen as khan, Saykal in battle armor Came to her father and said: — For my honor and homeland I will stand at the cost of my life! Here

22.05.2020, 16:26

Ethnography

Kyrgyz Non-Pile Artistic Fabrics

Non-pile artistic fabrics. In ancient times, all women to some extent were skilled in weaving {Antipina, Makhova, 1968. p. 48-58; Antipina, 1962. p. 50-64; Ivanov, Makhova, 1960; Sultanalieva, 2010). Various woolen fabrics, and in the valley regions of southern Kyrgyzstan, cotton fabrics (taar) were produced for outer clothing and household items. Often, embroidery was done on home-woven fabrics. The width of non-pile patterned fabrics (terme, kara taar, kadzhary or bukary, besh keshtё)

22.05.2020, 15:29

Ballet

People's Artist of the Kyrgyz SSR Uran Sarbagishev

Uran Sarbagishev Despite his youth, the People's Artist of the Kyrgyz SSR, Uran Sarbagishev, is widely known beyond the republic. In 1966, at the Cuban festival, performing at the García Lorca Theater in Havana, he captivated ballet connoisseurs with his artistry. Shortly after the festival opened, Havana newspapers unanimously recognized him as "the best of the dancers." And this was at a festival where the best dancers in the world competed! Most Kyrgyz actors come from

21.05.2020, 17:02

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Resettlement of Manas to Talas

THE RESETTLEMENT OF MANAS TO TALAS Having crushed forty tribes of the Chinese and Manchus, and saving a handful of Kyrgyz from complete destruction, Manas became the ruler of forty families. He consulted with the elders of his clan and led his tribe back to their native people. They slaughtered a colt whose mother remained barren, played bagalak, various noisy games, chess, generally pleased that they had avenged the hated Kalmyks.

21.05.2020, 16:51

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Documents No. 135 and No. 136 in March 1942, Frunze

FROM THE RESOLUTION OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE PROGRESS OF CITY COMMUNAL CONSTRUCTION" Frunze, March 20, 1942 ... 2. Obligate Kirgosstroy (Comrade Bezel) to complete construction and commission the main construction facilities by the following deadlines: a) sanitation checkpoint No. 2 by April 15, 1942; b) a 16-apartment building by July 1 -//-; c) a 10-room residential building by May 1 -//-.

19.05.2020, 19:02

Decorative and applied arts

Production of Carpets in Kyrgyzstan at the End of the 19th Century

Production of Carpets In southern Kyrgyzstan, in addition to pile carpets, they also produce pileless carpets, of the type known as "arabi kilim." Such carpets are made by the Karshi Arabs. Carpets have firmly entered the daily life of the Kyrgyz of the Kipchak group (Batken region). They are also made in the Laylak region, and less frequently in the Frunze region. This type of carpet was historically intended for the same purposes as pile carpets: it was used during migrations and

19.05.2020, 18:50

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

The Role of Professor E. D. Polivanov in the Translation of the Epic "Manas"

Evgeny Dmitrievich Polivanov At the origins of the theory and history of poetic translation of "Manas" into Russian stood the outstanding philologist and orientalist Evgeny Dmitrievich Polivanov (1891–1938). In the last years of his life (1934–1937), he worked with us in Kyrgyzstan as a research associate at the Scientific Research Institute of the Kyrgyz Language and Writing, actively engaging in the study and translation of the epic "Manas." A significant coincidence: the

19.05.2020, 18:28

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Turkestan Catfish - Turkestan Loach

Turkestan Loach - Glyptosternum reticulatum This small fish, measuring 20–25 centimeters in length, is quite widely distributed in the channels of mountain rivers, particularly in their mountainous and foothill areas. The loach is not so easy to catch. With its flattened body and head, it skillfully hides under stones. It has 6 rays in the dorsal fin and 5 rays in the anal fin (II—III). There are 4 pairs of whiskers on the snout. The body is bare, and the head is flattened from top to bottom.

16.05.2020, 17:40

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Zoning of Excavations in the Fergana Valley

Zoning of Excavations The above-ground stone structures (crypts) were divided by M.E. Voronets (1954) and the author of this text (1954) into crypts - mug-khona and stone boxes (see also the table in Zadneprovsky's work). B.A. Litvinsky (1972), not finding differentiating features, combined all varieties of above-ground structures under the concept of "kurums" - similar to a unified catacomb-subterranean culture. The division of the diverse constructions of kurums is a crucial

16.05.2020, 17:27

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

How the Palace in Chigu Was Built

How the Palace in Chigu Was Built A person gets used to everything! The princess got accustomed to her situation, In Chigu, there was a famous market (primitive from the perspective of a resident of Chang'an). Here, local craftsmen sold grain grinders, crudely made clay dishes, pestles, hammers, anvils, whetstones, sickle-shaped knives, and even hoes—some of the herders tried to cultivate the land. Trade was mainly barter. People came from all around to the market.

13.05.2020, 22:12

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of the Lebedinovskaya Hydroelectric Power Station in the area of Frunze. Document No. 134 (March 1942)

FROM THE REPORT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (B) OF KYRGYZSTAN AND THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE ALL-UNION COMMUNIST PARTY (B) AND THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE USSR ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE LEBEDINOVSKAYA HYDROELECTRIC STATION IN THE AREA OF FRUNZE Frunze, March 1942 Due to the placement of several evacuated industrial enterprises (the First of May Plant, the Odessa Hemp-Jute Factory, and others)

10.05.2020, 14:41

Osh - 3000

Functional Zones of the City of Osh

Development of Osh Every city grows and becomes more beautiful thanks to the care of its people for the improvement of their home. This is also happening in Osh. Special attention has been paid to the external appearance of the city. After all, the city of Osh originated as a settlement on a busy trade route. In the IX-X centuries, Osh was a typical fortress of that time—a citadel around which a shahristan was located. In the 17th to 19th centuries, Osh was a typical Central Asian city with

10.05.2020, 14:07

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Campaign of Ulugh Beg Against Moghulistan in 1425.

Ulugh Beg Against Sher Muhammad According to Nakash, in 1420, there were two independent ulus holdings in Semirechye. The power of Weis Khan extended only to the eastern part of Moghulistan, which is confirmed by his subsequent relocation of his base from Turfan to the Ili Valley. On the way back in the summer of 1422, the Timurid embassy passed through Hotan and Kashgar, where there were also disturbances and unrest. As a result of brief campaigns and raids on the Syr Darya, Ulugh Beg again

07.05.2020, 21:58