Kurmanjan Datka

The Liquidation of the Kokand Khanate and the Inclusion of Its Territory into the Russian Empire

The Liquidation of the Kokand Khanate In the spring of 1873-1874, uprisings repeatedly broke out in the Kokand Khanate, but the khan managed to cope with them somehow. The rebels often sought help from the Russian authorities but always received a refusal. In the spring of 1875, even the Kokand nobility rose against Khudoyar: the conspiracy was led by the son of the once all-powerful regent Muslimqul, Abdurrahman Avtobachi, the mullah Issa-Auliye, and the khan's brother, the ruler of

02.06.2021, 12:12

Sweet dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Zhansak - a sweet treat for tea

Zhansak Any feast for Kyrgyz people begins and ends with tea, and it is customary to serve sweets with tea. In Kyrgyzstan, it is common to make sweets from the gifts of nature: nuts, fruits, berries, and fragrant mountain honey – for example, zhansak. This sweet is a type of candy. But unlike modern candies, they contain not a gram of chemicals.

30.05.2021, 14:14

Ethnography

Yurt - Portable Dwelling of the Kyrgyz

Portable Dwelling of the Kyrgyz Kyrgyz wood craftsmen (zhygach usta) have mastered the production of the wooden frame of the yurt over time. The oldest among them learned this craft from their fathers and grandfathers and still cherish everything passed down to them through tradition. Usually, craftsmen made the frame of the yurt upon order, but it was also common to produce it in advance, without an order. In some cases, such work was done collaboratively by brothers living in different

30.05.2021, 12:31

Osh - 3000

E. A. Abakirov - First Secretary of the Osh City Committee of the Party from 1970 to 1971

Abakirov Emilbek Abakirovich E. A. Abakirov served as the First Secretary of the Osh City Party Committee from 1970 to 1971. Despite the short time in this position, he has fond memories of Osh. Celebrating its glorious anniversary, Osh, this ancient and eternally youthful, beautiful city, occupies a special place in the history, economy, and cultural life of Kyrgyzstan due to its significance and role. Firstly, the city of Osh is one of the most unusual, colorful ancient cities in Central

30.05.2021, 12:11

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

Migratory or Asian Locust - Kelgin's Asian Grasshopper

Migratory or Asian locust - Locusta migratoria L. The Asian locust is a large insect, reaching a length (excluding wings) of 50—55 mm (females), with males being somewhat smaller; the folded wings of the locust noticeably extend beyond the end of the abdomen, making the locust appear even longer. It is a dirty green or brownish color, with brown spots on the forewings, and the hind wings are transparent, slightly greenish or yellowish. The upper jaws are blue, the hind shins are yellowish or

29.05.2021, 22:17

Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek

The Emergence of Bishkek

THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BISHKEK Findings of stone tools by archaeologists during the construction of the Ala-Archa Hydroelectric Power Station on the eastern side of the city indicate that primitive people inhabited the territory of Bishkek in the 5th-4th millennium BC. Archaeologists also discovered settled populations on the left bank of the Ala-Archa River (village of Ala-Archa) dating back to before our era.

29.05.2021, 10:26

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s. Introduction. Part - 2

Work on Restoring Historical Truth in Kyrgyzstan A certain shift in the study of our issue began to emerge during the years of Khrushchev's "thaw." However, this trend soon "choked" due to internal resistance, manifesting itself in the political rehabilitation of only a few "enemies of the people," who were not active participants in opposition activities. The work on restoring historical truth in Kyrgyzstan still requires significant efforts. However, it can

29.05.2021, 09:16

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas". The Conspiracy of the Kyrgyz Khans

The Conspiracy of the Kyrgyz Khans Hey! In the mountains, where the sunny Alay — The blessed land of the Kyrgyz, On that spring day gathered Six khans from six clans: The esteemed, glorious Muzburchak, From Andijan Sanzybek, Son of Elaman er-Toshtyuk, From Sar-Arka the Kazakh Kokche, And from Kemina the old khan Urby, And from the eshteks Jamgyrchy. Arriving at this invited feast, The khans whispered among themselves: — Inviting to the koketeev ash, Manas took all power for himself, He mocked

28.05.2021, 16:41

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Public Execution of Pulat-Khan (Mulla Iskak Asan Ogly)

Execution of Pulat-khan The day after the defeat at Uch-Kurgan, the city nobility of Margilan, trying to please the victors and save their own skins, appeared before the commander of the punitive detachment, expressing submission, and handed over 15 weapons belonging to the rebels led by Pulat-khan. The commander of the punitive detachment, Major General Skobelev, concerned that the uprising could flare up again, urgently organized a special group that included representatives of the feudal

28.05.2021, 16:32

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

Written Sources on the Rulers of Eastern Turkestan in the Late 17th Century.

The Work of Muhammad-Qadiq (18th century) and an Anonymous Manuscript The written sources about the rulers of Eastern Turkestan at the end of the 17th century are fragmentary and contradictory. Among them, the work of Muhammad-Qadiq (18th century) and an anonymous manuscript acquired by V. V. Bartold in 1902 in Tashkent deserve more attention. Here is a brief summary of their content.

27.05.2021, 20:08

Women of Kyrgyzstan

My Dear (The Mayor)

Zharkynaiym. In the political life of the Kokand Khanate, an interesting role was played by the wife of Sherali Khan (1841-1844), Zharkynaiym. Zharkynaiym (Khakim Aym) was born in 1802 into a wealthy family of a biya from the Saruu tribe. Her father, Asperdi Datka (historically known as Ajibek Datka), was a prominent statesman in the Kokand and Khiva Khanates. Asperdi Datka had two sons and two daughters - Zharkynai and Ziinat (Ziinat Datka).

27.05.2021, 19:25

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of the Opera and Ballet Theater in Frunze. Document No. 169 (May 1946)

RESOLUTION OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE OPERA AND BALLET THEATER IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE" Frunze, May 29, 1946. Emphasizing the exceptional importance of the construction of the Opera and Ballet Theater in the capital of our republic, in enhancing the cultural services for the city's population and the growth of the culture of the republic's capital, in line with the objectives of the

27.05.2021, 19:05

Shabdan Baatyr

Hero Demanded by the Era. Part - 1

Baatyr, in demand by the era Every nation has individuals whose activities serve as a peculiar reflection of the era in which they lived. Through them, we study our history, compare our actions, thereby grasping the truth of national self-consciousness. The well-known Russian historian Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky expressed a remarkable thought on this matter at the end of the last century when he asserted that "self-consciousness is a difficult and slow process, crowning the work of a

26.05.2021, 15:03

1937 in Kyrgyzstan

The Thirty-Seventh Year in Kyrgyzstan

1937... For almost everyone alive today, this period in our history evokes a heavy sense of rejection, a national tragedy, and for the older generation, those who experienced the superstitious fear of the omnipotence of state punitive organs, a desire to explain that there were not so many "enemies," and that those who perished during this time were often not just good people, but also steadfast fighters for the ideals of October. Among the first victims in the republic, the

26.05.2021, 09:09

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

Two Full Variants of the Epic "Manas" by Sagymbay and Sayakbay

Comparison of the two full versions of Sagymbay and Sayakbay For better clarity, we will first list the events that make up the scheme of both versions. The version of the epic "Manas" by Sagymbay Orozbakov contains events presented in the following chronological order: • I. The birth and childhood of Manas. The section begins with the genealogy of Manas, followed by the story of the grief of childless Jakyp and his dreams. Then the birth of Manas is described, his childhood years,

24.05.2021, 06:00

Ethnography

Paths, Nomadic Routes, and Roads of the Kyrgyz in the Second Half of the 19th Century

Tarantas between the city of Karakol and the village of Preobrazhensky. Early 20th century Means of Communication of the Kyrgyz in the Second Half of the 19th Century Until the second half of the 19th century, the main means of movement across most of modern Kyrgyzstan were pack trails. In the valleys, they resembled dirt roads, which could accommodate simple wheeled carts. If the trail narrowed, it could only be traversed with difficulty by a rider on horseback or to transport some cargo. The

24.05.2021, 03:00

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

A Comprehensive and Systematic Study of the History of Kyrgyzstan 1941-1945

New Research on the History of the Republic during the Great Patriotic War. A more comprehensive and systematic study of the history of Kyrgyzstan from 1941 to 1945 began after the end of the Great Patriotic War. In 1946, a work was published that highlighted the contribution of workers in the light industry of Kyrgyzstan to the victory effort based on factual material. Candidate dissertations on specific issues were prepared and defended. The authors of these studies attempted to demonstrate

24.05.2021, 01:00

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

The Cult of Female Fertility

Findings in the Tombs of Kurkata and Tashravata Findings of items with female characteristics in Ustrushana and Fergana are not isolated. Several years ago, in mound No. 31 of the Tashravat burial site, located 40-60 km southeast of Kurkata, a pendant depicting genitals was found, cast from Egyptian faience. In the absence of a genital amulet, the so-called "factory" production, which apparently was not accessible to everyone, its role could have been played by cowrie shells or

23.05.2021, 09:39

Kyrgyz fairy tales

The Tale of the Brave Dykhanbai

DIYKANBAI AND THE DEV Once upon a time, there lived a brave hunter named Dıykanbay. He had no livestock in his pens and lived solely on what he hunted. Dıykanbay was not only brave and strong but also a resourceful man. One day, Dıykanbay, along with another hunter, set out to track down some roe deer. They went into the mountains and stumbled upon a huge dev. The dev's nose was the size of a wineskin, and his legs were like a pair of tree trunks. When the dev saw the two hunters, he

23.05.2021, 09:02

Kurmanjan Datka

The Ascension of Khudoyar Khan to the Throne of the Kokand Khanate

The Newly Minted Ruler of Kokand In 1862, there was a struggle for khan power in Kokand. Khudoyar emerged victorious. It is worth mentioning the circumstances under which this remarkable politician came to power. It is known that he ascended to the throne with the support of his regent, the Kipchak Muslimkul. The latter killed Murad Khan, who ruled in Kokand for only 11 days. At the time of his ascension, Khudoyar was only 16 years old. According to the biography of the newly minted ruler of

23.05.2021, 08:24

Sweet dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Cookies "Aigul"

Aigul Cookies Very tasty, delicate in flavor. Just melts in your mouth. Very easy to prepare; the main thing is to use good quality butter, and then the cookies will turn out well. The amount of sugar can be reduced if it is too sweet. To connect the cookies, use boiled condensed milk. Thick jam or thick cream also works well. It is important to chill the dough well before baking; you can freeze a piece of dough or place the baking tray with the cookies in the freezer. Ingredients for making

22.05.2021, 10:29

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

Ismail Khan, Yulbars Khan, Khan Senge in the Struggle for the Throne

Battles of the Khans for the Throne After the departure of Abdallah, many emirs of Yarkand, Kashgar, and Hotan gathered in Aksu and sent a messenger to Eldan-taishi to bring Ismail Khan. The Kalmyk prince delivered him to Aksu and proclaimed him khan. Ismail, with his troops, headed for Yarkand. He was accompanied by Eldan-taishi's son, Elpa. However, the citizens of Yarkand began to defend themselves and sent a messenger to Yulbars Khan, who set out with an army from Kashgar. However, in

22.05.2021, 01:37

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Great Campaign. Reconnaissance.

The Great Campaign. Reconnaissance. Meanwhile, Alma and Syrgak arrived at the pass where the white argali - the guardian of Konur - was located, and at the lake where the cunning duck - the messenger of Konur - lived. The argali and the duck, sensing Alma's approach, fled. Hearing the sound of the argali's bell, the two hundred thousand people who were camping at the pass of Mount Angushtu packed up and also fled, fearing an invasion by foreigners. The scouts found no one at the

22.05.2021, 00:38

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of Komsomol Lake in Frunze. Document No. 168 (May 1946)

RESOLUTION OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF KOMSOMOL LAKE" Frunze, May 13, 1946 In order to create conditions for the development of water sports, recreation for youth and workers of the city in the Karagach Grove at Komsomol Lake, the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Kyrgyzstan resolves:

21.05.2021, 16:28

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s. Introduction. Part 1

Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s. Introduction With the establishment of Soviet power, a political culture began to form and grow among the peoples now living in the new independent countries of the CIS, oriented towards a rigidly centralized state governance of society, with a pseudo-self-activity role of the public, as the Bolshevik-Communist party transformed into the backbone of a leaderist state system. It was then that the initiative and creativity of people were replaced by the self-activity of

21.05.2021, 16:07

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

The title translates to: "Melon Grasshopper - Bakhcha Grasshopper"

Melon Grasshopper - Thisoicetrinus pterostichus F.-W. A desert species of Central Asia, usually found in river valleys. In appearance, grasshoppers are similar to crickets, but at first glance, a significant difference is noticeable: grasshoppers have short antennae, usually less than half the body length. The body is of various colors, but always without a black longitudinal median stripe. The antennae are short, not reaching the base of the hind femora or just reaching it. The cerci of both

20.05.2021, 18:10

Women of Kyrgyzstan

Mr. Zhanil

The Fearless Zhanil Myrza In the legends of the Kyrgyz people, there is a story of love between the warrior girl Zhanil Myrza and the ruler Tylky Batyr. According to the tale, Zhanil is the leader of the Noyguts, a Kyrgyz tribe that lived in the eastern part of Kyrgyzstan in Kakshaal, near the border with China. Zhanil, a girl-warrior, is as strong and skilled in combat as a man, defeating him on the battlefield. She faithfully fulfilled her duty, placing the independence of her people and

20.05.2021, 17:42

Ethnography

The title translates to "Dwellings of the Kyrgyz."

SETTLEMENT AND DWELLING The presence of two different types of economic activities in the 19th and early 20th centuries—nomadic animal husbandry and settled agricultural-animal husbandry—determined the existence of two types of dwellings among the Kyrgyz: portable and permanent. Semi-nomadic Kyrgyz simultaneously used both types of dwellings. The settling down and transition to agriculture as the main occupation led to the gradual disappearance of portable dwellings from the lives of a

20.05.2021, 17:07

Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek

History of Bishkek. Introduction

History of Bishkek In the state-building of a nation, its capital holds an important place. The Kyrgyz are one of the oldest peoples. Their ancestors, the Sogdian people, who inhabited Bishkek in the 2nd century BC, had their own statehood. In the past, one of its capitals was located in Talas, where the "Manas" mound - the ruler of the state - has been preserved. The city of Bishkek is the capital of modern Kyrgyzstan. Its historical journey presents scientific and practical

20.05.2021, 16:57

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War

The people of Kyrgyzstan will never forget Victory Day, May 9, 1945 Time has no power over the memory of the people. They will never forget Victory Day, May 9, 1945 — the greatest historical date. On this momentous day, the artillery salvos of the Moscow salute from a thousand guns announced to the peoples of the entire planet the end of the bloody war in Europe, the complete and crushing defeat of fascist Germany by the Soviet people and its valiant Armed Forces, and its unconditional

17.05.2021, 20:04

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic "Manas". The Conclusion of the Mourning for Koketey

The Conclusion of the Mourning for Koketey On the eighth day, Bakai gathered The comrades and told them, That good news had arrived: — The Tulpaar of Manas, Ak-Kula, Has outpaced all the horses on the way. Following Ak-Kula is the steed Of Jolo's Ach-Budan. And so many prize victories The enemies will not forgive the Kyrgyz. And they might ambush Ak-Kula, Firing shot from their guns. The Tulpaar of the Chinese, Ach-Budan, Looks like Ak-Kula, like a brother. I ask you, my brave Almanbet,

17.05.2021, 19:28

Women of Kyrgyzstan

Women of Kyrgyzstan

The Emancipation of Kyrgyz Women The Kyrgyz are one of the oldest peoples of Central Asia. The first documented mention of the Kyrgyz dates back to 201 BC. Historically, the main occupation of the Kyrgyz for many centuries was nomadic and semi-nomadic livestock breeding, which was extensive in nature. However, livestock breeding was combined with agriculture, which was an inseparable part of the economy of nomadic tribes. This was the main reason why women held a high position among the

17.05.2021, 19:08

Osh - 3000

First Secretary of the City Party Committee of Osh - T. Amanaliev

T. Amanaliev - First Secretary of the City Party Committee of Osh Among all the first secretaries of the city party committee, T. Amanaliev served the longest (1961—1971). During these years, the chairmen of the city council were A. Jumabaev and K. Atashev. All these leaders worked together for the further development and prosperity of the city. Turgunaly Amanaliev's activities began in 1961 with the construction of a cotton processing plant (completed in 1969). The plant was built on the

14.05.2021, 09:51

Kyrgyz fairy tales

The Tale of Wealth, Happiness, and Intelligence

WISDOM, HAPPINESS, WEALTH Once upon a time, Wealth, Happiness, and Wisdom were walking together down the road and argued about who was the strongest of all. Wisdom boasted to Wealth and Happiness: — I am the strongest. If a person has no wisdom, they will have neither wealth nor happiness! — If there is no happiness, then wisdom and wealth are of no use to a person! — said Happiness.

14.05.2021, 08:42

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

Comparative Analysis of the Plots of the Poem "Manas" by Sagymbay and Sayakbay

"Manas" as performed by Sagymbay and Sayakbay "Manas" as performed by Sagymbay and Sayakbay is recorded in full. This is the distinguishing feature of both from other storytellers, as all other known and living storytellers currently perform only excerpts of "Manas," primarily serving as performers of the second and third parts of the trilogy "Semetey" and "Seitek." Such are Togolok Moldo, Akmat, Shapak, Janibai, Moldobasan. Among contemporary

13.05.2021, 09:46

Ethnography

Devices for Cargo Transportation among the Kyrgyz in the Second Half of the 19th Century - Early 20th Century.

Devices for Transporting Goods The *chiyne* sled was often used for transporting goods, especially in the second half of the 19th century. It had no wheels and consisted of two parallel poles 3-4 meters long, secured with rawhide straps nailed across the crossbars. The front ends of the poles were tightly tied to the sides of a pack or riding saddle, while the rear ends spread apart to a width of 1.5-2 meters and dragged along the ground. Among some farmers, a two-wheeled cart of the Kokand

13.05.2021, 09:20

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Amulets Associated with Female Fertility

Amulets In ancient times, the connection between symbols was more natural, concrete, and motivated by the living conditions of people. This brings us back to the magical connection of fist-shaped amulets with an intimate female issue. According to elderly women from Leninabad, in the past, some families, especially those where women had difficult childbirths, kept pouches with fist-shaped amulets. These amulets were usually carved from hawthorn with branches that spread out, resembling fingers

13.05.2021, 09:02

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Defeat of Pulat-Khan at Uch-Kurgan

Uch-Kurgan Defeat of Pulat Khan Nasr-Eddin Khan, who was eagerly following the events in the khanate and seeking a suitable moment, attempted once again to regain the khan's throne with the help of the Tsarist regime after the defeat of the rebels in Assaka. On January 22, he left the city of Khojent and stopped at the village of Kainar (according to some sources, the village of Naimancha—K.U.) located 9 versts from Kokand. Here, Nasr-Eddin was preparing to seize power in the Kokand

20.04.2021, 09:10

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Great Campaign. The Quarrel of Almambet with Chubak.

The Great Campaign. The Quarrel of Almambet with Chubak. After Almambet's departure, forty choro of Manas began to play in ordo, splitting into two parts. The leaders of the game were Kyrgyl, Chubak's comrade, and Azhybay, from Almambet's squad. Four mares were designated as the prize. The side of Kyrgyl lost. As the game neared its end, Jaynak from Kyrgyl's party struck the khan with a tompo, knocking him down, who was lying close to the boundary. - You threw without

18.04.2021, 07:26

Kurmanjan Datka

The History of the Death of Alymbek Datka

The Death of Alymbek As is known, before the Alay Queen, no woman in Turkestan had been honored with the title of Datka. But let us recall the circumstances under which Kurmandzhan became the head of her clan. After losing her husband, she was forced to take the reins of power in Aala. So, Alymbek Datka died in the summer of 1862 during yet another palace coup. Let us recall the story of this hero's demise. In 1847, one of the representatives and heirs of the former theocratic rulers of

18.04.2021, 07:19

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of the Palace of Pioneers. Document No. 167 (May 1946)

RESOLUTION OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING OF THE PALACE OF PIONEERS IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE" Frunze, May 10, 1946 In order to create normal conditions for extracurricular activities among schoolchildren and pioneers in the city of Frunze, the Bureau of the Frunze City Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Kyrgyzstan resolves: 1. To consider the construction of the Palace of

16.04.2021, 11:36

Ethnography

Production of Musical Instruments and Saddles by Kyrgyz People

Kyrgyz Woodworking Masters Woodworking masters also make musical instruments (Fig. 84) from juniper and apricot wood. The southern Kyrgyz string instrument (komuz) is essentially identical to that made by Kyrgyz masters in the north. There are many variations in the length of the neck and the degree of flattening of the resonator. In the past, ancient Kyrgyz musical instruments such as the bowed kyiak (also called kyzhak) and the flute choor were made in the south. Now, the youth do not play

16.04.2021, 11:16

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Last Years of Abdullah's Reign

The Last Campaigns of Abdullah The leader of the Khoshout omok, Galdama (son of Ochirtu-Tsetsen-khan), raided Aksu and then Kashgar, but after facing resistance, he made peace with their rulers Hyp ad-Din and Yulbars. Sengé, who became khan after the death of his father Batur-khuntayji (in 1653), invaded the Keriya region with five thousand warriors. Approximately ten thousand Mogul troops were sent against him. Upon learning of this, Sengé turned back. Abdullah, approaching with his warriors,

15.04.2021, 09:21

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas". The Duel of Manas with Konurbai

The Duel of Manas with Konurbai The son of Koketey Bokmurun The latter announced the tournament. — While the horses gallop From the distant alaman-baygi, Let the contest of er-sayish End the memorial feast. For the prize of two thousand horses Will be awarded to the one who wins. The loser must give up His horse as well! — He shouted at sunset. In the morning, all the people gathered. Here the sun rose to its zenith, But for the tournament of er-sayish No one stepped forward: In a tournament

15.04.2021, 08:48

Kyrgyz fairy tales

The Tale of the Seven Brothers

THE SEVEN SONS OF THE OLD WOMAN Once upon a time, there lived a poor old woman who had seven sons. Each of her sons learned a special, wondrous skill. One day, the old woman said to her children: — My children, your father left behind a single bow as inheritance, and I will give it to the one of you whose skill is the best and most needed! One by one, the sons began to tell what they could do.

10.04.2021, 09:00

Ethnography

Means of Transportation of the Kyrgyz in the Early 20th Century

MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION The primary animal for horseback riding since ancient times has been the horse - at. People traveled long distances faster on it than on other riding animals. In the context of extensive livestock farming, it was used for transporting pack loads. Various sources testify that the ancestors of modern Kyrgyz almost never did without horses. Figuratively speaking, sitting on a horse, people spent more time than walking on the ground. The ancient tradition of horseback

10.04.2021, 07:56

Insects of Kyrgyzstan

Steppe Black Beetle - Bozdonchul Black Grasshopper

Steppe Black Cricket - Melanogryllus desertus Pall. A large insect, 12-19 mm in length, black in color, with a round hypognathous head. The mouthparts are chewing, and the antennae are longer than the body. The thorax is large, with a well-developed pronotum that covers most of the thorax from above; the lateral parts of the pronotum form lobes that cover the prothorax from the sides. The mesothorax and metathorax are closely fused, their pleural sections sharply divided by oblique or vertical

09.04.2021, 10:05

Osh - 3000

Leaders of the City of Osh

Leaders of Osh The city of Osh, as the center of the southern region of Kyrgyzstan, has always been in the spotlight of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan and the Council of Ministers, the Osh Regional Party Committee, and the City Executive Committee. Honor and glory to the former and current leaders of the republic, region, and city who made a tremendous contribution to the rise and flourishing of the economy and spiritual culture of Osh. First and foremost, it is

09.04.2021, 09:05