Kurmanjan Datka

Gerasim Alekseevich Kolpakovsky - the First Researcher of the Archaeological Mysteries of Issyk-Kul

General of Infantry Gerasim Alekseevich Kolpakovsky When recounting the lives of Russian military orientalists, it should not be forgotten that most of them are famous not only as scholars but also as unparalleled commanders, as is the case with General Skobelev. Among similar officers who fought for the glory of Russian arms in Turkestan, one cannot fail to mention the name of General of Infantry Gerasim Alekseevich Kolpakovsky. In addition to the fact that this knight of the Orders of St.

06.05.2020, 15:59

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Second Battle of Manas with the Kara-Kitay.

THE SECOND BATTLE OF MANAS WITH THE KARA-KITANS The Chinese, led by the heroes Neskara and Joloy, surrounded Manas's camp early in the morning, like ants. The khans, in battle armors, rained down thousands of arrows like rain; drums thundered, tearing at the heart with their noise; dogs howled, cows mooed, trying to dig the ground with their snouts; and the entire area was instantly engulfed in panic. The Tırgooty rushed en masse at the lion-like Manas to seize and bind him. Brave Manas,

05.05.2020, 12:01

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

Reasons for the Uprising Against the Khan of Kokand in 1873-1874

Uprising of the Masses in 1873-1874 This uprising was distinguished from the previous one by its scale, mass participation, duration, and historical consequences. The cause of the uprising was the increasingly oppressive feudal and khanate rule, the arbitrariness, and violence of the Kokand Khan and his officials. This is clearly illustrated in a letter from the rebels themselves (written in the autumn of 1873), addressed to the head of the Khojent district. In it, we read: "The Khan

05.05.2020, 11:42

Flour products

Kyrgyz Flatbread Katama with Onions

Kattama (dough product) This is a bread made from yeast dough, baked in a pan with a large amount of oil or kaymak — thick cream. Kattama with onion filling is often found. They are very easy to prepare, so in many families, they replace regular bread. The taste is enhanced by the presence of fresh green onions: during frying, they become a bit softer but generally retain their natural flavor. Ingredients:

03.05.2020, 15:36

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Placement of Evacuated Educational Institutions from the Frontline Zone in Frunze. Document No. 133 (February 1942)

FROM THE REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR TO THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE USSR ON THE PLACEMENT OF EVACUATED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FROM THE FRONTLINE ZONE Frunze, February 4, 1942. ... 3. The Kharkov Veterinary Institute was incorporated into the Kyrgyz Agricultural Institute. The evacuation of the Kharkov Veterinary Institute was disorganized - students arrived at different times in small groups of 3-7 people. A total of 53 students arrived, including 35 fourth-year

03.05.2020, 14:45

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

The Target Setting of M. Badzhiev on the Recreation in Poetic Form of the Russian-Language Version of the Kyrgyz Folk Epic

Artistic Transformation of Oral Poetic Speech into Written Form The father of Mara Tashimovich, Tashim Iskhakovich Baidzhiev, was a well-known writer, educator, and philologist. He is one of the founders of Kyrgyz professional prose and drama, the author of the first textbooks on the Kyrgyz language and literature, a translator of Russian classical works, and a researcher of folklore. His contribution to the study of the epic "Manas" is particularly significant. He headed the

03.05.2020, 14:23

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Nine-spined stickleback - Jazy kursak tikken kanat

Nine-spined stickleback - Pungitius platygaster This fish is the smallest species of sticklebacks. It differs from the three-spined stickleback by having a greater number of spines and a completely bare body, not covered by bony plates. The body of the stickleback is brown-yellow, with numerous dark spots in males and transverse stripes in females, while the belly is whitish-yellowish. During spawning, males become completely black, almost velvety, and only the abdominal spines remain

02.05.2020, 15:52

Decorative and applied arts

Original Kyrgyz Carpets

Kyrgyz Carpet Weaving Patterns whose names are associated with the plant world are equally diverse. The foremost among them is "toguz döbö," various versions of which in the form of rosettes are widely spread across Kyrgyzstan. However, a rosette with a more or less smoothed contour is often referred to by carpet weavers, as mentioned above, as an animal's footprint. Alongside the Kyrgyz name "toguz döbö," another name—segiz pista (eight pistachios)—is found in the

02.05.2020, 15:18

Ballet

The Inner Appearance of the Ballerina Sainat Jokobaeva

“No matter what role I played, I always danced from the heart...” Artists of the Kyrgyz ballet face the specific challenge of simultaneously working on both national and classical repertoires. This is not easy, but it sharpens all facets of talent, hones the actor's ability to transform, and utilizes all the achievements of Russian and Kyrgyz ballet schools. In this ability lies perhaps the secret of many successes of the Kyrgyz ballet theater. Saynat Djokobaeva possesses the skill to

30.04.2020, 20:37

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas": The Meeting of Manas with Koshoy and Bakay

The Meeting of Manas with Koshoy and Bakay The celebrations had just ended, Akbalta called Manas. — When we, leaving our homeland, Departed with the whole world to Altai, Several clans of Kyrgyz Were left there among the enemies. To those who could not escape then, A bitter fate was bestowed. One, remaining far away, Fights with Khan Alooke The ruler of the Katagan clan, The mighty elder Koshoy-khan. In the valley of the Big Kemin rivers Another clan remained, Which is ruled by Khan Urby. When

30.04.2020, 03:30

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Varieties of Catacombs in the Isfara Valley

Types of Catacombs In light of the latest data, it is necessary to reconsider the classification of catacomb graves. I believe it is important to focus not so much on the length of the dromos, but on the overall configuration of the structure and its dimensions (morphometric feature) and on the peculiarities of the construction. I have identified 5 main types (see Fig. 2). The Kenkol type - the dromos is narrow and long, positioned perpendicular to the catacomb. It has been found in several

29.04.2020, 20:28

Osh - 3000

The Contribution of Oshan to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War

Osh during the Great Patriotic War. As everywhere, people lived and worked under the slogan "Everything for the front, everything for victory." During these years, a motor repair plant, a hydroelectric power station of the silk factory, a cotton processing plant, a canning factory, and other enterprises were put into operation. The gross industrial output during the war increased by more than one and a half times compared to 1940. The workers of the city, like the peoples of the

29.04.2020, 19:20

Osh - 3000

Transformation of the City Trade Organization of Osh

City Trade Organization of Osh One of the important issues is ensuring the needs of the city's residents for food and industrial goods. The city trade organization of Osh was separated from the city mixed trade organization in 1963. In 1986, the trade organization included 83 stores, 44 stalls and kiosks, 6 warehouses, and 56 specialized shops: household goods — 11, haberdashery, knitwear, perfumery — 19, clothing — 4, footwear — 2, cultural goods — 4, and others. Stores operate selling

29.04.2020, 16:36

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Campaign of Esen-Khan Against Manas

ABOUT HOW ESEN-KHAN SENDS AN ARMY AGAINST MANAS UNDER THE COMMAND OF DJOLOY So, ten thousand warriors led by DjoLOY and Dongo, who set out on a campaign to capture Manas, were defeated and scattered, fleeing all the way to Beijing. Beaten, bloodied, and swollen like a bag of skins, DooDur cried and howled as he walked day and night until he reached the camp of Esen-Khan and, barely mumbling, told what had happened:

28.04.2020, 20:06

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

The Trade War of the Han and the Dawan

Unyielding Ferganans In 105 BC, a Han embassy led by the official Chelin passed through the capital of the Xiongnu. This was the same one who advised the emperor to marry off the Lotus Flower. The angry princess did not even come out to greet her compatriots. Chelin was heading to Dayan to buy "heavenly" horses.

28.04.2020, 15:09

Kurmanjan Datka

The Introduction of M. D. Skobeleva to Tsarina Alaya

How did the "White General" meet the legendary Queen Alai? The situation was as follows. It was the year 1876. That summer, the commander of the Russian troops in Central Asia, General Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev, was pressing the last rebel detachments in Alai, who refused to submit to Russia and were fighting under the banner of a holy war against the "infidels" - the jihad. The rebels were led, after the death of their leader - the self-proclaimed Pulat-khan - by the

28.04.2020, 13:46

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

People's Writer of Kyrgyzstan Mar Baidzhiev

RUSSIAN-SPEAKING MANASCHI MAR BAIDZHIEV Professor G. N. Khlypenko. “The duty, bequeathed by God, is fulfilled…”. These words of Pushkin’s chronicler Pimen from the drama “Boris Godunov” were taken by Mar Baidzhiev as the epigraph to his “Tale of Manas”. And here’s why.

20.04.2020, 07:00

Ethnography

The title translates to: "Pile Carpet Weaving among the Kyrgyz."

Pile Carpet Weaving. Russian researchers studying Central Asian carpets also noted Kyrgyz pile products, which possess high artistic merits (Bogolyubov, 1908-1909; Felkerzam, 1914-1915; Semenov, 1911; Dudin, 1929; Razvadovsky, 1916; Moshkova, 1954; Kumachenko, 1920; Antipina, 1962, pp. 65-95; Antipina, 1968; Umetalieva, 1966; Abramzon, 1971; and others). Carpet weaving is more widespread in the southern part of the country, with hereditary carpet weavers mainly residing in the Naukat district

20.04.2020, 05:00

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Performances of the Kyrgyz in the First Half of the 1860s

National Liberation Movement Against the Kokand Khanate On June 1, 1868, a clash occurred between the indigenous population and representatives of the tsarist regime in the Toguz-Toro area. The immediate cause was the attempt by representatives of the tsarist authority to arrest the grandson of the famous batyr Taylak — Markhan Osmonrva, while the underlying reason was the attempt to strengthen the colonial oppression of tsarism by introducing a new administrative structure in the mentioned

19.04.2020, 21:47

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Construction of Plant No. 536 of the USSR NPK in Frunze. Document No. 132 (December 1941)

DECREE OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR AND THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OF KYRGYZSTAN "ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT NO. 536 OF THE USSR NKVD" Frunze, December 30, 1941. The Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR and the Central Committee of the Communist Party (B) of Kyrgyzstan decree: 1. To approve the general plan of the plant and the construction schedule for Plant No. 536, presented by the director of Plant

19.04.2020, 16:33

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Aral Shchypovka - Aral Chyirma Fish

Aral Loach - Cobitis aralensis This is a small fish measuring 6—8 cm, rarely reaching 12—13 cm. It is found in Central Asia in the water bodies of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya river basins. In Kyrgyzstan, the loach inhabits the water bodies of the Chui Valley, as well as in Naryn and Kara-Darya. The dorsal fin has II—III 6—7 rays, and the anal fin has II—III 5—6 rays. The body and head are strongly compressed from the sides and covered with very small scales. The eyes are covered with skin, and

19.04.2020, 15:50

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Intensification of Infighting during the Reign of Veys-Khan in Moghulistan

Moghulistan in the 1420s All predecessors of Muhammad Khan cared about the spread of Islam among their subjects. He himself was a zealous Muslim, imposing Islam by force. Muhammad Haydar wrote: Muhammad Khan "showed great perseverance in the matter of spreading Islam among the Moguls. For example, it is known that if any Mogul did not wear a turban, a horseshoe was nailed to his head. He demonstrated such zeal many times." However, the spread of Islam in the territory of Moghulistan

19.04.2020, 15:37

Decorative and applied arts

Carpet Patterns Related to the Animal World

Characteristics of Main Carpet Patterns Many ornamental motifs of Kyrgyz carpets bear a strong resemblance to the patterns of products from various peoples of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, the Caucasus, and Xinjiang, indicating deep common roots. Some carpet patterns used by the Kyrgyz are very expressive. They likely symbolically reflected specific objects that formed the basis of ancient ornamentation. Countless variations, inevitable in individual creativity, have over time brought significant

18.04.2020, 21:59

Soups of Kyrgyzstan

Battha (thick soup)

Batta, also known as -ganfan, also – lagman with rice Batta is certainly not lagman. The only similarity it shares with lagman is the separate cooking of the sauce and the grain component, while the sauce itself, in terms of preparation technology, resembles lagman vadju. At the same time, a number of fundamental differences from lagman (not to mention that lagman uses noodles instead of rice) makes batta – this somewhat forgotten dish of Kyrgyz cuisine with undoubtedly Uyghur-Dungan roots –

18.04.2020, 14:41

Ballet

Sainat Dzhokobaeva - Her Life in Art

Sainat Djokobaeva Sainat Djokobaeva's childhood was spent in a small Kyrgyz village, Tokoldesh. She first saw the city when her older brother Abdraim brought her to Frunze. The girl had no idea that this was the day of a significant turning point in her life. Right from the bus station, they headed to the theater, where the admissions committee was selecting students for the Leningrad Choreographic School. In the theater, Sainat timidly clung to Abdraim. She looked around — everything

18.04.2020, 14:22

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas". The Election of Manas as Khan

Election of Manas as Khan From the herd, where Aymanboz — A beautiful, strong stallion, Always a faithful leader, Having slaughtered nine mares, Dozens of fire pits dug, Setting up a hundred cauldrons, Filled with water, they lit the fire. Here, gathering from all sides, The Kyrgyz came together. And all who arrived in Altai Were counted by Akbalta himself. And it turned out that there were Almost a hundred thousand here. — From all corners of our native land We have come here to Altai, With

16.04.2020, 09:30

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. Khan Koshoy

KHAN KOSHOY In a hilly area crossed by a river, the hero Koshoy gathered the Kyrgyz from seven valleys, and with great difficulty formed them into a people; he raised hunting birds from hawks, made a nation from different tribes; he raised nimble birds from small falcons, made a people from a rabble; and at that time they lived in places called Chech-Dobo-Ata. Having slaughtered well-fed mares with four fingers of fat, foals from barren mothers, lambs that had just stopped suckling, laying out

15.04.2020, 21:39

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

The Epoch of "Manas" - a novella about the struggle for the independence of the Kyrgyz tribes

The Epic Image of Manas - Synthetic, Rooted in a Real-Historical Basis Due to the state of the written sources that have reached us, the name of this leader remains a mystery. In Chinese sources, he appears only under titles, while in the Kyrgyz epic, he is referred to not by a Kyrgyz name - Manas. Establishing the name of this leader, with whom we associate the political rise of the Kyrgyz, as well as analyzing the name Manas, presents significant difficulties, and we have not yet achieved a

15.04.2020, 21:30

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Eternalizing the Memory of the WWII Hero Major General Panfilov. Documents No. 130 and No. 131 (November 1941)

DECREE OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR "ON TEMPORARY HOUSING MEASURES IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE" City of Frunze July 29, 1941 The Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR decrees: In connection with the arrival of evacuees from the front-line zone and the necessity of providing them with housing, to grant the right to the Executive Committee of the Frunze City Council of Workers' Deputies to carry out the densification of housing in the city

14.04.2020, 11:07

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Burial Mounds in the Fergana Valley

Questions of Typology. In the Fergana Valley, almost simultaneously during the period of the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD, burial structures of five main types were in use: 1 - earth graves, 2 - undercuts, 3 - catacomb graves, 4 - above-ground stone crypts (kurums, mug-khona, stone boxes), 5 - above-ground adobe crypts. Let’s start with undercuts. An analysis of the existing classifications of undercut graves by K.F. Smirnov (1972), A.M. Mandelstam (1966, 1975), and N.G. Gorbunova

14.04.2020, 10:49

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

Mogulistan in 1407 - 1417 Years

Mogulistan in the First Quarter of the 15th Century As already noted, after the death of Khizr-Khodja-Khan, a struggle for the throne of Mogulistan broke out among his sons. The eldest, Sham-i Jahan (1399—1408), managed to overcome the resistance of his brothers. After that, he prepared for a campaign into Mawarannahr (his army reportedly consisted of 900,000 men, but this figure is clearly exaggerated). Sham-i Jahan supported the rebellious Timurids amir Khudaydad-i Husayni, who had captured

13.04.2020, 10:25

Osh - 3000

Development of Road Transport in Osh Region and the City of Osh

Development of Industry in the City of Osh. During the Great Patriotic War, hydroelectric power plants, a meat processing plant, and a liquor factory were put into operation in the city of Osh. In the post-war years — a period of industrial development for the city — repair shops, electrical-mechanical, foundry-mechanical plants, a garment and shoe factory, and other enterprises were built. In the 1960s to the 1990s, the city of Osh became a major economic center, which allowed the city's

11.04.2020, 23:00

Ethnography

The title translates to "Koshmovalyanie among the Kyrgyz."

Wool Crafting. Wool served as the primary material for making felt, pile and non-pile carpets, handwoven fabrics, various types of weavings, knitting, embroidery, lassos, and more. Woolen products were used to cover and decorate the yurt; they were used for making items related to riding and pack transport. Sheep wool was widely used for felt, fabrics, and carpet weaving, as well as goat and camel wool. Sometimes it was dyed in traditional red, crimson, blue, yellow, or green colors, using

10.04.2020, 12:23

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Tibetan Golde - Tibetan Dog of the Chabag Type

Tibetan loach - Triplophysa (Noemacheilus) stoliczkai It has a bare body, with a fold of skin extending from the eye to the tip of the snout. A fleshy ridge behind the dorsal fin is absent. The usual length is 10–12 cm, with a maximum of up to 16 cm. The Tibetan loach is a typical inhabitant of high mountain rivers and lakes. Other species and subspecies are found in water bodies with a wide range of hydrological conditions, where they reach mass development.

10.04.2020, 09:58

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas". The Attack of Neskara

The Attack of Neskar The ruler of the Manchus became Twenty-year-old Neskar — Hot-headed, bold, young, Always satisfied with himself. He knew that the Burut tribes Had fled from their native land And now lived in Altai. In a short time, they had amassed Cattle, horses, and wealth in abundance. And, as the old prophet said, A fierce hero was born there, Growing stronger every day, As soon as he gathers strength, He will unleash a great devastation on everyone. — He is now thirteen years old.

10.04.2020, 09:44

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Organization in Frunze of the Kyrgyz State Drama Theater. Document No. 129 (June 1941)

RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE KYRGYZ SSR "ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE KYRGYZ STATE DRAMA THEATER IN FRUNZE" Frunze, June 3, 1941. The Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR resolves: To obligate the Department of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the Kyrgyz SSR to organize in 1941 in the city of Frunze the Kyrgyz State Drama Theater from students who graduated from the State Institute of Theatre Arts in Moscow.

09.04.2020, 02:00

Kurmanjan Datka

Conqueror of Kokand, Russian General Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev

GIFT TO THE "WHITE GENERAL" When the legendary ruler Alai is mentioned, the name of the conqueror of Kokand, Russian infantry general and adjutant general Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev, inevitably comes to the mind of almost any European interested in the history of Central Asia. The fate of this man, nicknamed the "White General" in the East, is characteristic. It can be considered a kind of standard biography of a Russian officer-orientalist, in which the courage of a

09.04.2020, 01:00

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. How Manas Set Out on a Journey to Find Koshoy

ABOUT HOW MANAS WENT TO SEARCH FOR KOSHOY When the sun rose and the surroundings brightened, Manas woke up, stretched sweetly, and got up from the place where he had slept. He woke up forty of his friends and went to the spring on the outskirts of the village. He washed his face with spring water, and his body felt refreshed. Just as he was about to return, he saw a gray wolf and was surprised. Manas walked on – the wolf followed him; Manas stopped – the wolf did too. Hoping to scare off the

08.04.2020, 10:00

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

Arguments in Favor of Identifying the Settlement of Sarybulun with Chigu

“The City of the Red Valley” In connection with the discovery of a large settlement from the 1st millennium BC, only partially freed from the underwater captivity of Lake Issyk-Kul, we are entitled to raise a quite reasonable question: could the settlement of Sarybulun be the ruins of the long-sought city of Chigu? In favor of the legitimacy of our proposed identification, the following arguments can be put forward:

08.04.2020, 09:43

Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century

The Siege of the Pishpek Fortress

Plan of the siege of the fortress of Pishpek by Russian troops The Capture of Pishpek In October 1862, the Kyrgyz of the Solto tribe, inhabiting the central part of the Chui Valley, rose up. The reason was the arbitrariness and violence of the Kokand khans and their governors, and the immediate cause was the gross insult to the son of Baytik, Baisal, by the commandant of the Kokand fortress Pishpek (Bishkek), Rahmatulla. The rebels, led by Baytik batyr, acted decisively and boldly. Despite the

08.04.2020, 09:26

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

China's Policy Towards the Kyrgyz People

China's Concern About Its Kyrgyz Neighbors The Kyrgyz did not represent a direct threat to China due to their remoteness. Knowing the wealth and strength of this northern people, they tried various ways to "be friends" with the Kyrgyz, so that the latter would be a force threatening Central Asian states (Eastern Turks and Uyghurs), whose military raids had repeatedly devastated China. They attempted to set the Kyrgyz against, for example, the Eastern Turks and Uyghurs, creating

07.04.2020, 15:28

Decorative and applied arts

Seven Types of East Turkestan Carpets

Eastern Turkestan Carpets A. Felkerzam notes seven types of Eastern Turkestan carpets. Two of them find analogies in Kyrgyz products: these are carpets with a "grid" ornament (a connection of four "S" shapes) and with a tiled arrangement of the pattern. Carpets with a "grid" ornament are classified by us as the second type. This pattern has become very popular among all southern Kyrgyz, including the Pamiris. Carpets with a tiled arrangement, according to our

07.04.2020, 15:10

Ballet

A Notable Legacy of Ch. Dzhamanova in the Kyrgyz Ballet Theater

The Role of Cholpon in M. Raukhverger's Ballet The role of Cholpon in the eponymous ballet by M. Raukhverger was inherited by Dzhamanova from Beyshenalieva. This role corresponded more closely to the peculiarities of her character. It was here that Dzhamanova's talent was widely revealed. The author of the libretto, O. Sarbagishev, named the heroine of the ballet after his niece — Cholpon Dzhamanova. Years passed. And the one whose name the ballet bore performed the role of Cholpon

07.04.2020, 09:36

Soups of Kyrgyzstan

Laghman in Kyrgyz Style (Thick Soup)

Lagman Lagman consists of boiled noodles seasoned with sautéed and then stewed vegetables and meat. Lagman has Dungan roots and has long been one of the favorite dishes of the national cuisine. Like pilaf, lagman has many varieties: fried bosolagman, served separately gyurulagman, etc. The ingredients can also vary significantly depending on the season or the place of preparation.

05.04.2020, 06:00

Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"

The Epic of "Manas". The Victory of Manas over the Envoys of Esen Khan

The Victory of Manas over the Envoys of Esen Khan When the whole world was engulfed by a flood And the earth was flooded with water, In his ark, good Noah Saved the living world from death. But to Beijing in those years The floodwaters did not reach. There, on a patch of dry land, Nine hundred families remained — And from that time to this day The Chinese people have lived there. And now for many years From the sea to the Great Wall Khan Esen rules China. There lived in the palace an old

05.04.2020, 03:00

The epic "Manas" in prose

The Tale of Manas. The Decision of Esen-Khan to Capture Manas.

ABOUT HOW ESEN-KHAN SENT HIS TEN THOUSAND ARMY TO SEARCH FOR MANAS While Manas and his friends were destroying seven hundred heroes, a Chinese man named Tagylyq, who barely saved his skin, rushed to Khan Esen. He ran through the mountains and valleys, both day and night, and after many days, exhausted and weary, finally reached the iron gates of the capital city of Khan Esen. He explained everything to the head of the guard, somehow managed to get to the ruler, fell prostrate at his feet, and

04.04.2020, 06:00

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

Findings Indicating the Construction of a Palace-Type Structure at the Issyk-Kul Settlement of Sarybulun

Sarybulun Palace at the Issyk-Kul Settlement The "Jianhanpu" contains significant details that allow for a representation (albeit quite vague) of the external and internal appearance of the Usun residence in the 1st century BC. The ruler preferred to live in a "round hut covered with felt." Does this mean that the Usun ruler lived in a portable yurt? Apparently not, as the yurt in the full sense of the word, i.e., a dwelling of nomads with a disassembled lattice frame,

04.04.2020, 03:00

Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"

The title translates to: "The Period of 'Kyrgyz Great Power'"

The Aspiration of Eastern Turks to Conquer the Kyrgyz in the Territory of the Yenisei River Basin. Before Soviet researchers arises the question of how to assess the wars of those whom we consider possible to name as Yaglakap? Are they ordinary conquests or is there a hidden meaning in their historically justified actions? What determined the external friendly policy of China? This period, called by academician V. Barthold the period of "Kyrgyz Great Power," was a time of formation

03.04.2020, 11:40