History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Burials of the Bronze Age from the Kyzyl-Say and Kulan-Say Burial Mounds

Kyzyl-Say and Kulan-Say Burial Mounds in the Talas Valley The systematic study of Bronze Age monuments in Kyrgyzstan is associated with the work of Alexander Natanovich Bernshtein in the late 1930s to early 1960s. He initiated the accumulation of material and its scientific interpretation. Archaeological supervision along the route of the Great Chui Canal in the early 1940s allowed him to make an important historical conclusion that "based on the development of the economy of pastoralist

10.12.2019, 00:19

Osh - 3000

Two Cities with the Same Name — Osh

Legends about the Origin of the City of Osh There are two cities on earth with the same name — Osh. They historically emerged at the same time and are located in roughly the same natural conditions. The territories of these cities are almost equal. However, their fates are different. One city, Osh, is located in the French province of Gascony, while the other Osh is situated in southern Kyrgyzstan. Correspondents from the newspaper "Izvestia," Volodin L. and Makarov A., wrote about

08.12.2019, 16:40

Ethnography

Koshma - Clothing for a Yurt

Carrying the yurt (alachik) entirely by hand, the aul of Kambek, the Edial location in the Susamyr river system, Zhogor district, Pishpek region, Mountain Semirechye, Kyrgyzstan. 1925. Covering of the Yurt The entire wooden structure of the yurt was covered with felt kiyiz. To cover the walls of an average-sized yurt, 3 felt pieces tuurduk were needed, and for a larger one - 4-5 felt pieces (in the south - tutuu). The width of each felt piece was on average 1.7-2 m, and the length was 2.5-5.5

08.12.2019, 11:02

Nature

Seasonal Life of Nature in Kyrgyzstan. Autumn

AUTUMN September Ajak oona September End of the growing season for most trees. Falling of ripe fruits from the Turkestan juniper. Ripening of spruce cones. Autumn growth of feather grass. Flowering of annual wormwood. Transformation of apple moth caterpillars into winter larvae. Transition of most insects into winter stages. The last flight of the large peacock butterfly. End of spawning for the Tien Shan osman. The last young ones for turtles, water snakes, and vipers. Ceasing of activity.

08.12.2019, 10:34

Kurmanjan Datka

Expansion of the Military-Political Presence of the Russian Empire in Central Asia

The First Expeditions of the Russian Empire to Eastern Turkestan In exploring the biography of Kurmandzhan Datka, one should not forget that she and her people lived in a territory that was at that time at the forefront of the confrontation between two global superpowers - Britain and Russia. In short, the Kyrgyz, as subjects of the Kokand Khanate, found themselves at the end of the last century in the epicenter of a serious geopolitical game. Moreover, each of them had their own, quite

07.12.2019, 22:28

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Common Pike - Chorton, Ordok Bash

Pike This is one of the most well-known freshwater fish, the only species in its genus. The pike is found in Kyrgyzstan only in the Chu River, in its lower reaches. It should be noted that this gluttonous predator can reach a length of 2 meters and a weight of over 40 kg. The body of the pike is cylindrical, with a dorsal fin slightly moved back, a huge and long head, with a wide mouth and small sharp teeth. The pike's eyes are mobile, allowing it to see well both to the side and above.

07.12.2019, 21:57

Kyrgyzstanis — Full cavaliers of the Order of Glory

Full Cavalier of the Order of Glory Dmitry Tarasovich Plotnikov

Plotnikov Dmitry Tarasovich Commander of a squad of the rifle company of the 837th rifle regiment (238th rifle division, 49th army, 2nd Belarusian front), sergeant – at the time of the award for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on October 10, 1923, in the village of Kolpak, now Gaysky, until 1962 – Novoorsky, district of Orenburg region, in a peasant family. Russian. Education is incomplete secondary. Worked in a collective farm.

07.12.2019, 20:46

Ballet

"Romeo and Juliet" in the production by choreographer N. Tugelov

Bibisara Beishenaliev and her partner Uran Sarbagishev as Juliet and Romeo In 1961, the Kyrgyz Theater once again turned to contemporary performance, staging the ballet "On the Path of Thunder" by Kara Karayev (based on the novel by Peter Abrahams), but the true celebration of theater came with the next landmark production — the ballet "Romeo and Juliet" by S. Prokofiev — a deeply innovative work by the remarkable Soviet composer (staged by L. Lavrovsky). Staging

06.12.2019, 14:53

Sweet dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Sweet flour, roasted flour, dried flour

Talcan Reference: talcan - coarse flour made from wheat or oats. One of the most beloved treats for children. It can be said that this is the pastries of our grandmothers. They were prepared differently in various regions.

06.12.2019, 14:08

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Religious Macrosystem of Ancient Central Asia

Ideological and Practical Policy of Ancient Eastern Society A special attitude towards fire is evident not only in the monumental cult complexes uncovered at Toprak-Kala. There is a clear desire to specifically preserve the ashes of the sacred fire, for which special pits or wells were constructed, filled with such ashes. In smaller sanctuaries, small pits were made to collect the sacred ash. The symbolism and sign systems of the ancient era do not provide a clear solution for defining the

06.12.2019, 12:44

Nature

Seasonal Life of the Wildlife of Kyrgyzstan. Summer

SUMMER June Kulja Completion of flowering of the fir and water lily. The saffron (snowdrop) goes into dormancy. Beginning of flowering of the reed grass. Caterpillars of the apple fruit moth pupate. The larvae of the harmful tortoise beetle pupate, and the second generation of adult insects appears. The mourning cloak is found only in the form of eggs and caterpillars. Completion of the active phase of adult scarabs and egg laying. Appearance of fry in the carp and osman. Completion of

05.12.2019, 08:00

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Resolution of the Kirov Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Document No. 106 (October 1936)

RESOLUTION OF THE KIRGHIZ REGIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE VKP(b) "ON THE ORGANIZATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SCULPTURE WORKSHOP" Frunze October 11, 1936 1. In order to unite the sculptors of the city of Frunze and provide them with the opportunity to work systematically - to organize a sculpture workshop under the Construction Trust.

05.12.2019, 06:00

Myths and legends

The Legend of How the Manap Shabdan Jantaev Wanted to Marry the "Alai Queen"

KURMANDZHAN AND SHABDAN The name Kurmandzhan — the "Alai queen," as the Russian press called her, began to be surrounded by legends even during her lifetime. These legends are passed down from generation to generation. Here is one of them.

05.12.2019, 05:00

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

Early Saka Finds from the Issyk-Kul Region of the VIII—VI Centuries B.C.

Early Saka Period (VIII—VI centuries BC). It is represented by metal artifacts: an amulet with a solar symbol, a mace head, as well as, most likely, a fragment of a celt and a dagger. This early stage in the history of ancient nomads has not yet been distinguished in the archaeology of Kyrgyzstan, as burial mounds from that time have not yet been found or excavated, not to mention settlements. The initial stage of the formation of the culture of ancient pastoralists in Kyrgyzstan is currently

05.12.2019, 03:00

Ethnography

Yurt - the main portable dwelling of the Kyrgyz in the 19th century

Yurts located behind the settlement. Collective farm 1 May, First of May rural council, formerly Kyzyl-Elechek, Kulanak district, Tien Shan region. Structural Elements of the Yurt The main type was the portable dwelling boz uy (kiyiz uy, kara uy, kyrgyz uy) - the yurt uy. The yurt, according to the research of S.I. Vainshtein (Vainshtein, 1991. P. 40-69), originated in the first half of the 1st millennium in the ancient Turkic environment and became the primary portable dwelling of a number of

04.12.2019, 18:00

Main dishes of Kyrgyzstan

Karako'l Ashlyan-Fu

Azhlyan-Fu This is a cold soup of Dungan origin, prepared from a sour-spicy vegetable broth, lagman noodles, and starch. The dish is widespread in the Chui and Issyk-Kul regions of the country, but the most delicious Azhlyan-Fu is considered to be the one made in the city of Karakol, where it is served with a small fried pie filled with potatoes. It is believed that Azhlyan-Fu came to Kyrgyz cuisine from China, where there is a similar dish called "Lianfen" or "Lian-Fu".

04.12.2019, 04:00

Nature

Seasonal Life of the Wildlife of Kyrgyzstan. Spring

SPRING March Zhalgan Kuran March Buds swelling and the first flowers of poplar and elm. Wormwood and feather grass begin to grow. Saffron (snowdrop) blooms. Eggs and larvae of spider mites appear. Forest ants emerge and start laying eggs. Carp comes out of winter dormancy. The first fry of Issyk-Kul trout appear. Spring activity of the lizard, turtle, yellow-bellied toad, and viper. Turtles and water snakes emerge from hibernation. Active migration of birds in the foothills and intermountain

04.12.2019, 03:00

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Government of Quebec

Administrative and Monetary Reforms of Kebek Esen-Buka died around 1318. His throne was taken by Kebek. The new khan was a vivid representative of the Chagatai house and the Mongolian nobility, who supported the transition to settled life and urbanization. He and his supporters sought to take direct control over the cultural regions of Maverranahr. It is no coincidence that it was Kebek who implemented the monetary and administrative reform. Another group of Chagatai princes and the Mongolian

03.12.2019, 19:45

Nature

Seasonal Life of the Wildlife of Kyrgyzstan. Winter

WINTER January Январь January Issyk-Kul trout completes spawning Wolves begin their mating season Bear cubs appear in the den Roe deer begin to grow antlers

03.12.2019, 13:12

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

The title translates to: "The Pelyad, Inhabitant of the Lakes Issyk-Kul and Son-Kul."

Pelad The pelad was brought to Kyrgyzstan from Lake Sevan and released into the lakes Issyk-Kul and Son-Kul. In Son-Kul, it has successfully adapted. The fish measures 40–55 cm in length and weighs 2–3 kg. Its body is elongated and high. The coloration is dark and silvery. There are small black spots on the head and dorsal fin. The back is slightly humped. A distinctive feature of the salmon family is the presence of a fatty fin before the tail fin.

03.12.2019, 13:04

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Renaming Streets in the City of Frunze. Document No. 105 (September 1936)

RESOLUTION OF THE FRUNZE CITY COUNCIL "ON THE RENAMING OF STREETS IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE AND IN THE ADJACENT SETTLEMENTS" City of Frunze, September 1, 1936. 1. Approve the renaming of the following streets in the city of Frunze and in the adjacent settlements:

03.12.2019, 11:33

Kurmanjan Datka

Leader of the Rebels Iskhak Hasan Uulu

“THE KYRGYZ PUGACHEV” Thus, since 1873, the struggle of the Kyrgyz people against the tyranny of Khudoyar Khan escalated into a real war, which did not cease until the Kokand ruler left the throne and fled under the protection of the imperial authorities. The reason for this fateful uprising of 1873 was the additional taxation imposed on the Kyrgyz of the southern regions of the Fergana Valley and Alai. It was prompted by a simple reason. In 1865, due to the actions of large Russian military

02.12.2019, 22:50

Kyrgyzstanis — Full cavaliers of the Order of Glory

Full Cavalier of the Order of Glory Chyntemir Jakshylykovich Osmonov

Chyntemir Jakshylykovich Osmonov Soviet serviceman, participant of the Great Patriotic War, full knight of the Order of Glory, mortar gunner of the 44th Guards Rifle Regiment, Guards Sergeant. Born on May 5, 1923, in the village of Kurbu, Tyup District, Ak-Suu, Issyk-Kul Region of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz. He lost his father early and began working from childhood. He completed 7 grades of school. Worked in a collective farm.

02.12.2019, 21:30

Osh - 3000

Project "Osh-3000 — The Great Silk Road"

More than one billion soms allocated for the celebration A working group of tourism and sports specialists, according to the project "Osh-3000 — The Great Silk Road," has identified specific tourist routes, and reconstruction of bases and alpine camps is planned. A photo album, brochures, and a calendar are being prepared for publication. The reconstruction of the Central Market is included in the plan of the city's Architecture Department and the market's management in

01.12.2019, 05:44

Soups of Kyrgyzstan

Umach ash (soup-thickener) in Kyrgyz style

Umach ash (soup-zatirukha) Ingredients: 2 liters of broth, 300 g of meat, 300 g of wheat flour, 300 g of potatoes, 2-3 tomatoes or 2 tablespoons of tomato paste, 1-2 cloves of garlic. 2 onions, 20 g of margarine, salt to taste

01.12.2019, 04:28

Ethnography

Settlement of nomadic and semi-nomadic Kyrgyz in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Part of the settlement with a yurt. Collective farm "Communism" Zhetigen, Taldy-Bulak rural council, Budyonovsky district, Talas region. 1954. Ails among the Kyrgyz The earliest information about the types of settlements and residential buildings of the Kyrgyz dates back to the second half of the 1st millennium AD. This includes reports from Chinese sources about the Yenisei Kyrgyz: "The Ajo (ruler - A.K.) resides at the Black Mountains. His camp is surrounded by palisades. The

30.11.2019, 15:24

Ballet

The Transition of the Kyrgyz Ballet Theater from Classical to Contemporary Repertoire

Difficulties in the Growth of a Young Theater In 1948, the theater thoughtfully prepared for the staging of B. Asafiev's ballet "The Fountain of Bakhchisarai," and although it cannot be called a landmark work, the theater demonstrated a desire to improve the technique of classical dance. A moment came in the life of the Kyrgyz Ballet Theater when the accumulated experience allowed them to approach the work on such outstanding masterpieces of ballet classics as the ballets of P.

30.11.2019, 12:55

Myths and legends

The Legend of the Manap Baytik Kanaev

BAYTIK-BATYR In 1862, a rebellion erupted among the Kyrgyz in the Chuy Valley. It was led by the bey of the Solto clan, Baytik Kanaev. What made this man famous? Here are the scant historical data, gathered bit by bit from archives.

29.11.2019, 22:18

Osh - 3000

Preparation for the Celebration of the 3000th Anniversary of the City of Osh

“Osh-3000” In order to implement the Decree of President Askar Akayev, a National Organizational Committee for the celebration of the 3000th anniversary of the city of Osh was established, headed by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan J. Ibraimov, with A. Muraliyev as the deputy chairman of the committee, who is also the chairman of the regional commission. A “General Directorate” was created in Bishkek, led by General Director S. Mamytov, and in Osh by K. Azimov. A public fund

29.11.2019, 22:01

Meat and offal dishes

Karyn - A Dish for Special Guests

Karyn (horse stomach) This dish is for special guests. Its name comes from the stomach (karyn). It is processed and prepared like karta. Ingredients: Horse stomach – 2kg, salt - 20g.

28.11.2019, 18:54

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

The title translates to: "The Sig Ludoha in the Water Bodies of Kyrgyzstan."

Ludoga Sig. Family: Salmonidae. Representatives of this family are widely distributed in the basins of rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. Similar to salmon, the sig family, being fish of northern origin, inhabit water bodies with clean, clear water and sandy-stony bottoms. These are generally cold-water bodies with a rich content of dissolved oxygen in the water. Among the sig fish, there are typically migratory and resident forms capable of living in closed lakes. In terms of feeding

28.11.2019, 18:31

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Burial Chambers of Bactria

From Ossuary Burials to Corpse Placement For historical reconstructions, burial rites are especially important as they reflect the mass public practice and a special relationship to fire, which can be traced through a whole range of manifestations. In Bactria, there are various types of burial rites. Long known are cemeteries consisting of single burials, where some of the buried had coins in their mouths, clearly following Hellenistic traditions (Tuphona). The movement of nomadic populations

28.11.2019, 18:11

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

What is Written in the Newspaper "Soviet Kyrgyzstan"? Document No. 104 (May 1936)

NOTE IN THE NEWSPAPER "SOVIET KYRGYZSTAN" ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION OF THE KYRGYZ NATIONAL ORCHESTRA Frunze, May 18, 1936. Today, the first demonstration experimental concert of the Kyrgyz State National Orchestra will take place. Previously, music performed on Kyrgyz national instruments was only solo, and there was no orchestral performance.

28.11.2019, 17:29

Sweet dishes of Kyrgyzstan

The title "Гулазык жупка" translates to "Gulazyk Jupka" in English.

Zhupka in Milk Zhupka is classified as a long-lasting type of dish. It looks like a thin baked lavash. The unleavened thin flatbreads "zhupka" are convenient for consumption on the go. Dry and brittle, they do not spoil for a long time and can be stored without losing their nutritional qualities, which is why nomads and warriors always took zhupka on their journeys. Zhupka is easy to prepare. A traveler would satisfy their hunger by crumbling zhupka into small pieces and soaking it

26.11.2019, 11:34

Agriculture

Methods of Hunting and Game Management by Kyrgyz Hunters in the 19th - Early 20th Century.

Hunting Dogs and Birds of Prey. Even in the early Middle Ages, specially trained dogs served as drivers (Khudyakov, 2010, p. 173). Training and using dogs was an important part of traditional hunting (Aitaliev, 2009, pp. 110-117).

26.11.2019, 10:45

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Reign of Esen-Buka

The Ascension of Esen-Buka to the Throne In 1309, at the initiative of Kebek, a kurultai was convened, during which his older brother Esen-Buka was ascended to the throne. Under him, the invasion of the great khan's troops began up to the Talas Valley. The "Yuan-shi" states: "In 1314, Zhuangur defeated the army of the rebellious khan Yesyan-Buhua at Itehhaimishi and sent a messenger to report the victory... In 1315, he defeated the generals Ebuhanya and Khudutemur, sent by

26.11.2019, 10:01

Kurmanjan Datka

The Reign of Khudoyar Khan

REVOLT THAT ESCALATED INTO A PEOPLE'S WAR After the defeat in the 1845 uprising, the Kyrgyz rose against the Kipchaks again in 1847. A major battle took place in Namangan in the area of Balikchy, but here too the Kyrgyz were defeated. The main forces opposing them were Kipchak troops led by feudal lords loyal to Muslimkula. Thus began the darkest period in the history of the khanate - the reign of Khudoyar Khan. He ruled three times, being deposed and then restoring his power. The periods

26.11.2019, 09:37

Osh - 3000

City of Osh — the Heart of Southern Kyrgyzstan

3000th Anniversary of the City of Osh The book presented to readers by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Toktogonov Sultan Amankulovich is dedicated to the 3000th anniversary of the city of Osh. The author, being an honorary citizen of Osh, having worked at the Osh Pedagogical Institute and then at the university for a quarter of a century, with full knowledge of the subject, relying on a wealth of factual material, highlights the main stages of the formation and development of this

25.11.2019, 16:37

Kyrgyzstanis — Full cavaliers of the Order of Glory

Full Cavalier of the Order of Glory Vladimir Sergeyevich Olkhovsky

Vladimir Sergeyevich Olkhovsky Commander of a platoon of the 216th Rifle Regiment (76th Rifle Division, 47th Army, 1st Belorussian Front), sergeant – at the time of his nomination for the Order of Glory 1st class. Born on December 25, 1925, in the village of Grodikovo, now in the Zhambyl District of the Zhambyl Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in a peasant family. Russian. Moved with his parents to Kyrgyzstan, lived in the village of Kirovskoye (now Kyzyl-Adyr), then in the village of

25.11.2019, 14:27

Myths and legends

The Legend of Alymbek-Datkhe

ALIMBEK-DATKA The power of the khan's deputy in the Andijan province, Alimbek-datka, is strong. The entire Alay is in his mighty fist. After all, he is the tribal leader of the southern Kyrgyz from the Bargy clan of the Adigens tribe. Other southern Kyrgyz tribal leaders, the chieftains of the Kipchaks, the most noble nobles of the Kokand Khanate, flirt with him and respectfully listen to the voice of the "ilbirs" - the lord of the mountains.

24.11.2019, 21:15

Meat and offal dishes

Map – a popular dish in Kyrgyzstan.

Karta. Karta – a popular dish in Kyrgyzstan. To prepare the meat delicacy karta, we will need the following ingredients according to the recipe: Horse meat, karta (the thick part of the large intestine) salt green pepper - to taste dill - to taste

24.11.2019, 07:00

Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake

Periods of Habitation of the Sarabulun Settlement

When was life flourishing? Even a brief overview of the material culture with a short excursion into its chronology indicates a long life of the underwater settlement of Sarabulun. Determining the time of its origin, flourishing, and demise is associated with significant difficulties that traditional archaeology does not encounter. Moreover, the study of underwater monuments is immeasurably more complex, as it is impossible to trace the spatial arrangement of cultural layers and the dating

24.11.2019, 06:18

History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan

Reconstruction of Ancient Ideological Systems of Ancient Central Asia

Archaeological Materials of Central Asia The reconstruction of ancient ideological systems based on material remains is one of the most complex issues in archaeology. Gordon Childe's biting remark that if something is unclear to an archaeologist, they declare it to be cultic is well known. In everyday archaeology, a simplified model of explanation predominates in the procedure: archaeological fact - primitively selected analogy - historical conclusion. The complexity lies in determining

24.11.2019, 05:54

Fauna of Kyrgyzstan / Fish of Kyrgyzstan

Trout Hegarkuni at Issyk-Kul

Issyk-Kul Hegarkuni Trout. Salmon Family. There are 8-9 rays in the dorsal fin (III—V), 8-9 in the anal fin (III); there are 104-117 scales in the lateral line. In Issyk-Kul, it can reach a weight of 17 kg or more. Following the recommendation of Academician L. S. Berg, Hegarkuni trout was introduced to Issyk-Kul from Lake Sevan (Armenia) in the form of fertilized eggs in 1930 and 1936. The first batch consisted of 750,000 eggs, and after the larvae hatched, they were released into the Irdyk

23.11.2019, 22:30

History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents

Organization of the Botanical Garden and Zoo in the City of Frunze Document No. 103 (April 1936)

FROM THE PROTOCOL OF THE MEETING OF THE BUREAU OF THE FRUNZE CITY COMMITTEE OF THE VKP(b) ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN AND ZOO IN THE CITY OF FRUNZE Frunze, April 20, 1936 ... Heard: §9 - On the organization of the botanical garden and zoo in the city of Frunze.

23.11.2019, 22:00

Agriculture

Devices and Weapons for Hunting by the Kyrgyz in the 19th - Early 20th Century.

Hunting Tools and Weapons. Since ancient times, the Kyrgyz have used both "active" and "passive" forms of hunting. The former involves searching for, pursuing, and capturing game by an armed hunter, as well as group hunting. The latter involves capturing animals using pre-set traps. One of the early forms of "passive" hunting was the use of pit traps (or) with vertical walls. Typically, a camouflaged pit was made, over 2 meters deep and 1.5-2 meters in diameter,

23.11.2019, 21:41

Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan

The Return of the Throne by the Chagataiids

Civil Wars of the Princes, Descendants of Haidu As we can see, without bloodshed, the leadership in Central Asia and the possession of Haidu passed into the hands of a descendant of Chagatai—Duwe. According to Vassaf (14th century), all these events occurred within one year. V. V. Barthold called Duwe the true founder of the Chagatai state. However, he ruled for a short time—he died of paralysis in 1307. In the region of Sebkun-Kala near the city of Almalyk, the son of Duwe, Kunjek, was

22.11.2019, 03:30

Meat and offal dishes

Byzhi – the oldest dish of Turkic hunters

Byzhi. One of the tastiest sausages is "byzhi," which is made from the intestines of a manually slaughtered ram and is stuffed with the animal's blood, among other things. Usually, when preparing byzhi, other internal organs are also stuffed along with the intestines: the duodenum, the stomach, toguz kat — the book (one of the sections of the stomach), and choychek karyn — the sleeve (the part of the stomach following the rumen). Byzhi is a kind of stuffed sausage.

22.11.2019, 02:00