Among the ready-made items purchased by Kyrgyz people, in addition to light robes, were quilted chapans made by Uzbeks and fur coats (ichik). Kyrgyz people also bought men's shirts, tubeteikas, and leather shoes. Uzbek waist scarves (cotton and silk, with and without embroidery) became widely popular, as well as large women's scarves that came to the market from Eastern Turkestan and Bukhara. Various silver jewelry and corals, mother-of-pearl, precious stones, and pearls brought from
Among the forty choro, there were different people Smart and foolish, a brave one and a coward, and an enemy Gathered together, they discussed Among themselves, precisely, like this: - We have always defeated our enemies But the glory of fame only went to Manas Kankor is not any braver than us Despite this, we obeyed!
The analysis shows the continuity of historical and genealogical information in the sanjyra. A stable genealogical trace is represented by the legend of Dolon-biy and his descendants. In various versions of the sanjyra, he appears as the primordial ancestor of the Kyrgyz of the right ("on kanat") and left wings ("sol kanat"). In different versions, he is the progenitor of all major branches ("on kanat", "sol kanat", "ichkilik") of the
Let Semetey, exercising the right of a bridegroom, lie in the palace of Aichurek. Leaving him in peace, we will move on to the story of Chinkodjo and Toltoy. *** Ajibai, Aichurek's brother, was known for his remarkable eloquence, but he was a coward. Tyumenbai, another brother, was not eloquent, but he was brave.
It should be noted that the sage had a huge library. He gave me the keys to it and went off to the mountains to collect medicinal herbs and dig up healing roots. Unbeknownst to myself, I became engrossed in reading the books, and there was so much interesting and captivating content in them that I didn’t even notice how I forgot both my sorrow and the girl whom I seemed to love madly. The ringing in my ears disappeared, I felt my former strength returning to my body, and my mood lifted. When
According to the stories of the elders, each tribe kept the methods of preparing their warriors a secret, and among other things, each clan had its own recipes for food for them. The best provisions, believed to give strength to the warriors, were considered to be buttered wheat. The serving of the dish was invariably accompanied by prayers and sayings invoking victory and triumph in battles. Feeling the power from the food, the warriors would leave, inspired towards victory by the words and
The clothing of the southern Kyrgyz has not received special attention in literature. There are only fragmentary pieces of information, but they are characterized by an emphasis on national features and the uniqueness of Kyrgyz clothing. More detailed information can be found in the aforementioned works of V. I. Kushelevsky and N. S. Lykoshin. Valuable sources for studying the clothing of southern Kyrgyz people include ethnographic collections stored in the State Museum of Ethnography, the
When Semetey saw that Kёbёsh was dead He did not wish to do this at all Despair engulfed him with sadness Bitterly weeping, he began to lament: - Oh, I am a tailless and maneless kulan! I have become like a snake that has no legs I have no brothers, no relatives I have grown up all alone in this whole world! - I wanted to be in alliance with Abike To hand over the battle banner to Bakai To wage war against China To avenge the lion Manas with this!
The study of ethnogenetic information of nomadic tribes has been significantly contributed to by S. M. Abramzon and L. P. Potapov. They substantiated the historical-cultural and source-critical significance of oral genealogical traditions in the study of the ethnic and social organization of Turkic peoples. According to their conclusion, oral historical and genealogical information is indeed the people's historical knowledge, which they termed "folk ethnogeny." The scholars
After that, Semetey set off on his journey. Driving fourteen horses before him and taking with him the sons of twenty-five khans, accompanied by Kulchoro and Kanchoro, he rode in search of Akshumkar to the city of Akhun-khan. They traveled without stopping day or night, and when they approached the borders of Akhun-khan's lands, they stopped at one place to rest. After resting, Semetey took the spyglass left by the gray-maned Manas and began to survey the lands of Akhun-khan and the
Nine days the khan sailed the waves, and on the tenth he docked at the shore of the kingdom of the sorrowful prince. He was received well in the palace. The prince, upon learning of his purpose, said sadly: — You have traveled a very long way. Although I swore not to reveal my secret to anyone, I cannot refuse you, for otherwise you will not be able to fulfill the wish of your bride's father, and your marriage will be disrupted. So listen. This story began long ago when I was a very young
It is no secret that Kyrgyz people are among the most hospitable in the world. The nomads, who lived in separate ails, treated unexpected visitors as guests from God (Kudai konok), always keeping a reserve of provisions for a hearty reception. A guest was a source of news. Moreover, the host was concerned about the safety of his family - hospitality towards a traveler guaranteed the nomad good neighborly relations with other tribes and peoples. At the same time, the traditions of hospitality
In traditional cuisine, there were dishes with meaning, that is, speaking dishes. “Ulburchok” is not just food, but a dish that gives a person a sense of dignity, self-respect, and a good mood. But the most interesting thing is that the recipe for this ancient national dish has been preserved by ethnic Kyrgyz living in the village of Shaty in China. It is they who told researchers the story of its origin and the secret of this unique product.
The study of the sedentary dwellings of the southern Kyrgyz allows us to draw some conclusions. Settlements and estates among the southern Kyrgyz emerged at different times. The southwestern Kyrgyz (ichkilyaks) transitioned to sedentary living significantly earlier than the others. We were unable to obtain precise data on the timing of their transition to adobe dwellings, but by the mid-19th century, sedentary living already existed among the southern Kyrgyz. The presence of houses of the
Kanykey was frightened and, crying loudly, She began to speak to Semetey in prayer: - The enemies Abyke and Kyobesh are no joke, So, prepare well for battle! Stubborn Semetey did not listen to his mother, Not wanting to know anything about Abyke and Kyobesh, He let her words pass by his ears And calmly lay down to sleep on his bed.
In the sources, up until the 18th century, there is little information about the clan-tribal structure or genealogy of the Tian Shan Kyrgyz. However, some Persian-Tajik works from the 15th-16th centuries briefly mention legendary tribal unions: Otuuz-Uul and Kyrgyz, Ak-Uul ("the right wing") and Kuu-Uul ("the left wing") (Materials on History... 1973. P. 206, 207; RF IYAL NAN KR. Vol. 2. No. 5179), and this information aligns with genealogical traditions. The work of the
At that time, Konurbay was already ninety-five years old, but he was brave, strong, and daring, all of which she liked about him. She was only troubled by the fact that he was of such advanced age. - If he were twenty-five or thirty years old, - she thought, - despite the fact that he is a kapyr, I would marry him to take revenge on Chinkodjo and Toltoy.
For many months he rode. Upon reaching the sea, he sold his horse to pay for passage on a ship. After landing, he walked for many days until he finally reached the city ruled by the far-famed king and his daughter. The khan's clothes were worn out, his shirt was tattered, and his boots were broken: tired and emaciated from the journey, the khan looked like a beggar and a vagabond. Nevertheless, he made his way directly to the palace and said: — I need the king and his daughter! Polite
Balgam. This is an ancient meat dish of nomads, which was also specially prepared in very rare cases when meeting particularly honored guests. These guests could be the head of the yurt, a hero distinguished in battle, a great baatyr, or a storyteller of the epic "Manas" who visited their lands. To prepare this dish, they took a young black lamb. It was cut along the joints and placed in a cauldron with mare's milk. They lit a fire from juniper trees, which gave the dish a
The third type is a manor without a yard and fence, although the area in front of the house is referred to as a yard. Economic buildings are located in close proximity to the house in various configurations. The architecture of the houses is predominantly characterized by a high gabled roof of the Russian type. Such manors are concentrated in the eastern part of the region — in the Aksai, Soviet, Uzgen, and partly in the Nookat districts. Manors without a yard but with a house of the Fergana
Semetey set up his camp in this place With forty cripples, Belyokbay returned He brought with him five hundred Kyrgyz families With tears in his eyes, touched Bakay Buruulcha brought her son to Semetey Weeping, her son Kulchoro The son of Chubak – Kanchoro came Whom Kambar-choro raised
Sanjiра is an oral chronicle that reflects the genealogical branches of individual clans, tribes, and the nation as a whole, as well as historical events of past eras. As one of the important ideological institutions in the absence of a unified state administration, sanjira, along with customary law (adat, park), was related to the regulation of social relationships in society. In terms of structure and content, they encompassed all tribes, clans, and ethnic groups that formed the modern
When Kulchoro, the son of Almambet, turned twelve years old, and Kanchoro, the son of Chubak, turned fourteen, their strength was such that they could not find enemies to fight or even a mountain to lean on. Semetey called both of them, as well as Bakay, Sary-khan, and Ormon-khan, and said to them:
Once upon a time, there was a khan. One day, he deeply pondered his life and, finding no answers to his thoughts, decided to consult the people. He saddled his horse and rode out to the market square. The people gathered. The khan said: — My father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and his father and grandfather all sat on the khan's throne before me. You know many stories about them from your parents. Tales of their rule have been passed down from generation to generation. Tell me, were
SALAD "KYIAL" Tripe - 900g, carrot - 100g, radish - 200g, onion - 100g, vegetable oil - 100g, garlic - 20g, vinegar essence - 10g, ground red pepper - 10g, herbs and jussai - 15g. Boil the tripe, then cut the radish, onion, and carrot into thin slices (0.5x0.5), combine them, adding finely chopped garlic, vinegar, ground red pepper, pour cooled hot oil over it, and serve in a salad bowl, garnished with herbs or jussai.
Gates of a closed-type estate. Batken district. The second type of estate is the closed-type estate. It fully embodies the traditions of medieval architecture. It has a rectangular shape, surrounded by a high adobe wall ("duval"), and externally resembles a feudal fortress. Round towers are constructed at the corners and sometimes at the entrance, and the wall features protrusions in the form of battlements. There is usually only one entrance to the estate, typically through high
Loading gold onto the one-humped camels After the joyful wedding, Semetey Said goodbye to Ismail and Temir And set off on his journey, taking Chachykey with him He handed the banner to Sara-khan Seeing that Akshumkar was bored Semetey stopped along the way To amuse himself with falconry
In higher hierarchical clan-tribal communities, blood relations, economic, and territorial ties weakened. In the tribe, political interests played a primary role, and the tribal organization regulated the system of military and power relations. Conflicts and armed confrontations occurred between tribes, as well as raids aimed at cattle theft. However, when a serious threat arose to the entire people, the scattered tribes could concentrate their joint efforts to repel the enemy. A unifying
Among the forty choro, there were both smart and foolish, brave and cowardly. One day, gathering together, they began to discuss among themselves: - In the times of Manas, we defeated our enemies, but the glory went to Manas. Manas was no braver than us, yet we were his warriors and obeyed him. Should we now submit to his son?
Once upon a time, there lived a khan. One day he decided to test his viziers: — My viziers, — said the khan, — answer me, who is more generous: the one who has a lot of livestock, or the poor peasant? — Only a rich man with fat herds, — replied the viziers, — can be generous; what can you take from a beggar?
In the early 20th century, Kyrgyz people also built houses similar to the described type, but without the stepped arched ceiling. Their construction is likely genetically linked to the design of Pamir-type houses. This is primarily evidenced by the overlap in their distribution areas. Such houses are characterized by the presence of columns that support the roof, a wooden ceiling, and a beam laid across the floor, dividing the room into two unequal parts. In the smaller part, which constitutes
At that time, Chiyrdy fell ill In worry, Kanikei's moan was heard: - Why, my unfortunate one, are you late? When will he finally arrive? She took Manas's spyglass And climbed up Kanikei's tower She saw that someone was coming It was her son – Semetey!
In the ethnic composition of the Kyrgyz, tribes such as kurkureo, kuren, kalcha, keldike, kalmak, sart-kammak, kalmak-kyrgyz, chayu kazak, and others were represented, which, structurally, were not components of the aforementioned three branches. Historical information and genealogical traditions indicate that they belong to components of mixed or foreign origin (Abramzon, 1971. P. 26-28; 1960. P. 87-92; Alymbaeva, 1966. P. 200-212). Large tribes within the right and left wings, as well as the
Kanikei, seeing and hearing everything that was happening, was immensely frightened and, crying loudly, began to speak to Semetey: - My dear orphan, as long as Abyke and Kyobesh are alive, Talas will not be our homeland, and the Kyrgyz will not be our people: they are not joking enemies. Therefore, look, prepare well for battle.
Once upon a time, people say, it happened. A khan lost his wife, leaving him with two sons. Some time passed, and the khan married for the second time. His new wife immediately took a disliking to the khan's younger son. One day, when the older son rode off with forty horsemen to set traps for falcons, she complained to her husband: — Oh my lord! I have always felt that your younger son does not love me! The khan became furious, believing his wife, and ordered two of his horsemen to seize
A fresh vegetable appetizer is relevant at any time of the year, especially during the summer period. It is impossible to spoil, and adding other vegetables allows you to prepare completely different appetizers every day. A low-calorie salad made from fresh produce is beneficial for the body. Juicy tomatoes and cucumbers pair excellently with each other. Often, they do not require additional components, but many hostesses enjoy experimenting with the dish's composition.
Part - 5 Forty choro returned home A considerable amount of time had passed At that moment, a battle was taking place Akylai came out to them and said: - You must please me Show all your might Take revenge on Semetey – the orphan He beat Kёbёsh and took the property!
The houses-manors are characterized by their close proximity to each other. Sometimes they adjoin one another, and from above, they appear as a continuous cover of roofs without chimneys. G. V. Pokrovsky and N. I. Stogov wrote about the layout of the houses-manors and the arrangement of domestic furnishings within them.
Based on materials collected by S. M. Abramzon, R. Ya. Vinnikov, and A. Sydykov (Abramzon, 1960, pp. 3-136; 137-181; Vinnikov, 1957, pp. 71-75; Sydykov, 1992, pp. 111-156), we can judge the settlement of certain tribes. In the late 19th - early 20th centuries, the main mass of the Sarybagysh tribe inhabited the eastern part of the Chui Valley, the territories of Chon-Kemin and Kichi-Kemin, the northern and western parts of Lake Issyk-Kul, the Kochkor Valley, and the areas in the valleys of the
After the joyful wedding of Semetey, he took Chachykey with him, loading gold onto eighty red one-humped camels, handed the banner to Sara-khan, bid farewell to Temir-khan and Ismail, and set off on his journey. He rode on Taybuurul, with Akshumkar sitting on his arm, and along the way, he stopped to entertain himself with falconry using dogs. Seeing this beautiful procession, the ones traveling with him, Kanykey and Chiyyrdy, were immensely happy and said to each other:
Once, a young 'dzhigit spent the night at the house of a wealthy bay. They laid him to sleep in a yurt, where a beautiful berkut was perched on a pole, fluffing its feathers. In the morning, the dzhigit, looking at the beautiful bird, said: — Poor thing, you sit in captivity, with no one to take care of you, to teach you the art of hunting animals. You will never soar in the high sky, glide on the wings of the wind, or see from above how beautiful our jailoos are...
People tell stories about an interesting meat dish called "Töö tukum." This dish is prepared on special occasions when waiting for a very honored visitor from another country, showing deep respect for the guest. It is said that when this dish was being prepared, the aroma of the meat spread throughout the surrounding area. To make it, four types of animals were used: a camel calf, a foal, a calf, and a lamb. They tried to use smaller animals. First, they prepared the camel calf,
In the Osh region, we identify four main types of homesteads. We will first focus on the most ancient type, known as the Pamir type. Its distinctive feature is the placement of the house and the adjacent outbuildings under one roof. There is no courtyard. There is only one entrance to the homestead, through which people and livestock pass. The house is made of adobe with high walls (up to 3—3.2 m). The roof is always flat, without eaves, and, as mentioned above, is supported by massive pillars
Semetey's trip to Talas. Part - 4 Köbösh-khan, at that time, lived excessively He did not want to acknowledge anything Every day he drank kumys with arak He looked at the world with drunken eyes Gathering around him forty choro He spoke to them in drunken smoke: - You defeated all enemies when Manas was alive But all the glory went only to him!
The Presence of Numerous Clans and Tribes Among the Kyrgyz People Life for a Kyrgyz outside the close ties with their circle of close and distant relatives was practically impossible. Every person sought to maintain these connections, strengthen them, and restore them if they were broken, with genealogical information playing an important role (Abramzon, 1960, p. 7), and kinship relations could be both real and fictitious. The presence of numerous clans and tribes did not hinder the formation
The relocation of Semetey from Bukhara to Talas. By this time, forty choro had returned home. They arrived just as this clash was taking place. Akylai came out to them and said: - You have seen much good from Manas. Therefore, if you want to please me, his former wife, take revenge on that worthless orphan Semetey, who beat Kyobesh without you and left, taking all our possessions. Please, avenge my grievance on this scoundrel!
THREE BROTHERS Once upon a time, there were three orphaned brothers. They had a single ox, which was tended by the youngest brother. But one day, the ox went missing. The youngest brother searched everywhere for it — the ox seemed to have vanished into thin air. He then went to the middle brother. — I fell asleep and lost the ox,— said the youngest brother.
