Architecture

A New Stage in the Development of Architecture

The establishment of the first design institution laid the foundation for the formation of professional design and construction practices in Kyrgyzstan. Later, this organization evolved into a multidisciplinary design institute with a large volume of design and engineering developments, which served as the basis for the subsequent opening of a number of specialized institutes. With the organization of the design institute, the first professional architects came to Kyrgyz architecture. The term

27.07.2014, 21:23

Architecture

Resolution of the Central Committee of the VKP(b) - into life

The artistic principles of constructivism were built on the basis of formal solutions to a number of compositional tasks — this involves the search for artistic effect in the combinations of simple volumes, in the juxtaposition of vertical and horizontal lines, in the contrast of the solid masses of walls with large glass planes, etc. At a certain stage, this direction played a positive role, opening new possibilities in the field of form creation and the search for functional appropriateness;

27.07.2014, 20:39

Economy of Kyrgyzstan

Economic Condition of the Economy

Kyrgyzstan, having become an independent state, entered the global community as a developing country undergoing a transitional process towards building a truly democratic state with a market economy.

27.07.2014, 16:40

Architects of Kyrgyzstan

ZENKOV Andrey Pavlovich

ZENKOV Andrei Pavlovich

27.07.2014, 13:52

Architecture

The First Stage of Developing a New Architecture

The development of new architecture began with the establishment of Soviet power in the territory of Kyrgyzstan and concluded by the mid-1930s. This period is characterized by the formation of almost all major spheres of architectural creativity. Urban planning began to develop in the republic simultaneously with the construction of new large industrial enterprises and the associated influx of rural population into cities. At the same time, rural settlements were also intensively built up. By

26.07.2014, 10:44

Architecture

Architecture of Soviet Kyrgyzstan

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26.07.2014, 10:23

Painting

Creative Laboratory of Visual Arts of the Kyrgyz Republic

Artistic and Stylistic Range of Young Artists' Works Possessing a gift for painting, most of them take their professional culture seriously, focusing on the tasks of realistically reflecting the life of the people. In their work, there is a search for thematic direction, and a unique plastic language is being developed. A characteristic feature of contemporary youth art is the peculiar interaction of various figurative-emotional elements — expressive-dramatic when addressing

25.07.2014, 18:24

Painting

Landscapes and Still Lifes of Kyrgyz Masters

An original master of landscape is Naryn Turpanov. Unlike most artists, he immediately found his theme and style. While artists of his generation began to move away from nature, aestheticizing formal techniques, Turpanov presented landscapes in which the objectivity of the world resonated with particular pathos. His unexpected perspective on familiar scenes of nature, along with a naive-childlike impartiality towards nature, led the artist to a paradoxical result at first glance. The detailed

25.07.2014, 18:08

Painting

Masters of the Easel of the Kyrgyz SSR

Kyrgyz Masters of the Easel In the 1970s, Murat Bekdzhanov established himself as a fine portraitist, not shying away from formal explorations. The logic of the formally spatial solution (the clear rhythm of various tones of color-coordinated planes organizing the space) in his portraits creates a certain psychological mood related to the character and spiritual appearance of the models (“Portrait of Sculptor E. Mergenov,” 1974; “Girl Lit by the Sun,” 1974). The artist also addresses spatial

25.07.2014, 17:37

Painting

Works of Dzhumabayeva and Koichiev

Tursunbek Koichiev addressed the revolutionary theme in a monumental and generalized manner in his triptych "Women of Kyrgyzstan. The 1920s" (1968). The left part of the triptych, titled "First Letters," depicts two young women and a child in national attire. One of the women holds a pencil and a notebook, symbolizing the pursuit of education. The central part, "At the Meeting," features a short-haired woman in a leather jacket, a revolutionary soldier, and a

25.07.2014, 16:14

Painting

Creative Program of Nurdamir Kongurbaev

The creative program of Nurdamir Kongurbayev is clearly manifested in his studies. In terms of their solutions, they do not differ from compositions made in the studio without a model. In the studies, the artist actively and consciously transforms the real forms of nature into the given forms of artistic language. For him, the combination of objects to create a new, aesthetically meaningful reality is more important than the motives or objects themselves. The artist uses a given palette, the

25.07.2014, 15:47

Painting

The Search for Sapara Torobekov

The contradictory search for Sapara Torobekov. In his painting, two lines develop: tonal-plein air, lyrical, and decorative-formal, in which he addresses figurative tasks through the means of textural painting, with an overt aestheticization of the color layer. The first line, close to the formal-figurative system of the founders of Kyrgyz painting, is characterized by independence and completeness of artistic solution, while the second, to which he gives preference, has a more experimental

25.07.2014, 15:36

Painting

Thematic and Plot Painting of A. Asrankulov and A. Beyshenov

Thematic Painting Aman Asrankulov works in the field of portrait and thematic composition. In such paintings as "Mulberry Cutting" (1974), "Tobacco Pressers" (1974), "Mowers" (1974), the process of labor is depicted directly, allowing the artist to convey the character of the natural environment and the uniqueness of labor rhythms. It should be noted that he is primarily attracted to manual labor, where mechanization has not yet replaced humans and where a person

25.07.2014, 15:04

Painting

The Creativity of Mukhtar Mukambetov

The working days and traditional way of life are the themes of Mukhtar Mukambetov's creativity. He did not immediately find his own style. After creating several works in the manner of E. Moiseenko, he sharply distanced himself from it in his intimate portraits of children. His life drawing revealed the strong side of the artist's talent—his compositional intuition. As for the color solution, the artist struggles greatly to overcome the darkness of the palette, the dull colors

25.07.2014, 11:13

Painting

Talents of Kyrgyzstan

Success was more easily achieved through traditional means of plein air painting, especially landscape or mixed genre, when a particular plot was depicted in a landscape setting. It was more difficult for those who sought an artistically expressive image through creative experimentation, primarily concerning artistic form and a specific system of visual language. And this did not always bring success. For instance, in the portrait of S. Karalaev, painted by Suimenkul Chokmorov in 1966, the

25.07.2014, 11:00

Painting

Applied Artist Jumabay Umetov

Jumabay Umetov is an applied artist by nature and profession, who engages extensively in landscape painting, finding in the living nature a source of his creative fantasies. In the landscape genre, he seeks original motifs of nature, demonstrating his heightened sensitivity to the plastic and color decorative qualities of natural realities, processing them according to the task at hand. And although painting in Umetov's work serves a certain purpose, in terms of its artistic merits, it

24.07.2014, 18:40

Painting

Alexey Nikolaevich Kamensky

If A. Voronin early established himself as a realist artist with a distinctive creative face, then Alexey Nikolaevich Kamensky worked for twenty years in easel painting both in a conventionally decorative style and in a realistic manner, never refusing from working from life. In the formal structure of the painting "Oodarysh" (1970), the artist's fascination with ancient Russian painting is evident. On a neutral conventional background, several groups that are not plot-related

24.07.2014, 17:39

Painting

Monumental Artist V. G. Butorin

The monumentalist artist Vladimir Georgievich Butorin most vividly and originally expressed himself in easel painting. Unlike Bakashev, his easel works do not show the influence of monumental art. He works in various genres— thematic painting, portraiture, landscape, and still life. Butorin rarely works from life, possessing a vivid creative imagination, artistic taste, and a strong academic background in drawing, composition, and painting. This allows him to realize his fantasies not only in

24.07.2014, 17:17

Painting

Monumentalist, Painter Sabitjan Bakashev

Sabitjan Bakashev places great importance on the beauty of pictorial texture and the brightness of color in his paintings. The essence of the depicted theme appears in his works as starkly unambiguous, largely abstractly schematized, yet always sounding solemn and festive due to the significant decorative merits of form. Like most Kyrgyz artists, he enjoys depicting nature; however, it appears in a transformed, highly decorated guise, with a realistic, professionally executed drawing serving

24.07.2014, 17:00

Painting

The Easel Painting of Zhoomart Kadraliev

Joоmart Kadraliev also resorts to the language of allegory, but his allegories have a more elaborate, narrative form of expression. For example, in the painting "Today. A Day Among Days" (1984), two seated giant figures are depicted, frozen like stone statues against the backdrop of an immense earthly landscape. The meaning of the painting is revealed in the interpretation of the global landscape and the cosmic scale of the figures. In many of his works, Kadraliev resorts to

24.07.2014, 16:23

Painting

The title translates to: "Easel Painting by Satara Aitieva."

Satar Aitieva took his own path in stationary painting, having obtained a degree as a film set designer at VGIK. At the beginning of his creative journey, he still relied on the experience of film masters, creating sketches for an unrealized film based on K. Dzhusubaliev's story "The Sun Has Not Finished Its Self-Portrait." In these sketches, the psychology of pictorial convention emerged, along with a love for pure painterliness and a delicate organization of color composition.

24.07.2014, 15:48

Painting

The Creativity of Mels Akynbekov

Mels Akynbekov is the closest to the creative program of B. Jumabaev. He turned to the memories of his childhood spent in the mountains and created several talented works in which he demonstrated a keen sense of composition, decorative use of color, and a profound understanding of the laws of constructing Kyrgyz ornamentation. His best work, "In the Alai-Ku Valley" (1969), provides a generalized image of high-altitude Kyrgyzstan with an indispensable attribute: a pasture covered like

24.07.2014, 15:20

Painting

The Creativity of B. Jumabaev

Belek Jumabaev, endowed with vivid imagination and sharp observation, was the first to paint thematic works without an etude basis, rejecting plein air painting. The choice of themes also changed. While Chuykov, Aitieva, Akylbekov, and subsequently artists of a different generation depicted themes of everyday life, labor, and history with a high degree of realistic authenticity, as they calibrated each image with live observations recorded in sketches, B. Jumabaev mainly materialized his

24.07.2014, 12:53

Painting

Schematic Representation of the Formal Solutions of Kubanychbek Amankozhoev

Paintings by Kubanychbek Amankozhoev As mentioned earlier, the first artist to somewhat depart from traditional themes and the characteristic formal solutions of the older generation of artists was Kubanychbek Amankozhoev. The painting "Heat" is a typical landscape image in which the genre motif plays a significant role. The state of nature is revealed through the pictorial texture and coloristic structure, which, despite its decorative nature, is still connected to the solution of

24.07.2014, 12:21

Painting

Academicism in the Works of Kyrgyz Painters

Academicism of Kyrgyz Painters Kulchoro Kerimbekov, Jakul Kozakhmetov, and Altymysh Usubaliev, who underwent academic training, did not significantly influence the overall stylistics of Kyrgyz painting. Rather, they themselves were influenced by the founders, preserving certain features of academicism in their work. Academicism manifested mainly in the character of color solutions and compositional structures of the works; however, all of them aimed to work within the framework of established

24.07.2014, 11:34

Painting

Painting in Kyrgyzstan - Mid-20th Century

Artists of the Mid-20th Century For the centenary of Kyrgyzstan's voluntary accession to Russia, Viktor Stepanovich Tyurin painted "The Meeting of the First Russian Settlers with the Kyrgyz" (1963). For this work, Tyurin gathered a large amount of study material, created portraits of the descendants of the first Russian settlers suitable for the painting in terms of type, and made studies of Kyrgyz life and ancient utensils. The painting is narrative in nature, where all details

23.07.2014, 23:59

Painting

The Creativity of L. F. Deimant

Leonid Fedorovich Deimant primarily worked in the genre of thematic painting, often without any study material, relying on his imagination. Deimant was perhaps one of the few artists in the republic who was interested in the narrative aspect of painting, developing a detailed script in advance, where each character was assigned a specific role. This was followed by the process of constructing mise-en-scènes that would accurately reflect the artist's intent, and finally, searching for

23.07.2014, 22:45

Painting

The Creativity of A. I. Ignatiev

Until the 1960s, Ignatiev's work predominantly featured Kyrgyz themes, primarily related to rural life, which led to a traditional blending of genre with landscape ("The Horsemen", 1960). This allowed the artist to address the problem of plein air painting, emphasizing the state of nature, which imparted a poetic contemplativeness to genre motifs, typically interpreted as eventless. Working alongside artists of strong and vivid talent, Ignatiev maintained an independent vision

23.07.2014, 22:22

Painting

The Creativity of Sabyrbek Akylbekov

A remarkable phenomenon in Kyrgyz visual art was the creativity of Sabyrbek Akylbekov. His thematic range was not extensive. He was a born landscape painter, possessing a rare gift for noticing and conveying the almost elusive aspects of nature. For Akylbekov, the most beloved form of creativity was working en plein air. He perfectly absorbed the lessons of his teachers (N. Krymov and I. Petrovichev) about the necessity of harmony in the tone of color planes when working outdoors and applied

23.07.2014, 21:48

Painting

The Creativity of Gapar Aitieva

The creativity of Gapar Aitiev in the 1960s and 70s was exceptionally fruitful: it was the peak of his landscape artistry. For Aitiev, as well as for S. Chuykov and other artists of the older generation in Kyrgyzstan, the foundation of the creative process was the work on plein air studies, which, due to their meticulous execution, could be equated to paintings, and often surpassed them in freshness of painting and emotional resonance. For his compositional landscapes, Aitiev typically used a

23.07.2014, 19:31

Painting

The Creativity of S. Chuykov

The restlessness of the creative interests of artists, sensitive to the most important aspects of art — to poetry and truth, to true artistic expression, that is, to the aesthetic modeling of the real lives of people and their spiritual quests, testifies to the life-giving nature of the process of development in Kyrgyz painting. This process encompasses the entire dynamic of contradictions both between form and content and within the very issues of form creation. Spiritual needs, reflecting

23.07.2014, 18:26

Painting

Visual Arts of Kyrgyzstan in the 60s-80s.

Integration of Artistic Cultures The international integration of artistic cultures has deepened and expanded, based on the commonality of the economic and spiritual life of the peoples of our country. This process, which has accelerated in pace, does not eliminate the differences between nations, which, as V. I. Lenin pointed out, "will persist for a very long time even after the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat on a global scale." The differences, determined by

23.07.2014, 10:16

Kant

Kant

The city of Kant is a city of district subordination. In Kyrgyz, "kant" means sugar; the city is named after the sugar factory that was located here. It was established in 1934, and it was granted city status in 1985. The area of the city is 786 hectares. The population of the city is 22,200 people. The number of households is 7,149. The city of Kant is located 20 km from Bishkek. The nearest airport, "Manas," is 45 km away. The railway station is within the city limits.

19.07.2014, 12:12

Kara-Balta

Kara-Balta

Kara-Balta, which translates as "Black Axe," is one of the youngest cities in the Kyrgyz Republic, comfortably located at the foot of the northern slope of Ala-Too, in the center of the western part of the Chui Valley, 62 km from the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic - the city of Bishkek, at an altitude of 700-750 meters above sea level, on the left bank of the Kara-Balta River in the Chu River basin. In the 6th-7th centuries, the city was known as Nuzket and was an important trading

19.07.2014, 11:51

Kara-Kul

Kara-Kul

Kara-Kul is a city in the Jalal-Abad region of Kyrgyzstan. According to the 2009 census of Kyrgyzstan, the population of the city was 22,502 people, including Kyrgyz — 21,217 people or 94.3%, Russians — 771 people or 3.4%, Uzbeks — 143 people or 0.7%, Tatars — 141 people or 0.7%.[1] It is located near the confluence of the Kara-Su River into the Naryn River, on the Bishkek — Osh highway, 78 km from the railway station of Tash-Kumyr (the terminus of the branch from Uchkurghan). It was

19.07.2014, 11:27

Toktogul

Toktogul

The urban-type settlement Toktogul is located in the Toktogul district of the Jalal-Abad region of Kyrgyzstan and serves as its administrative center. It was previously known as Muztor. In 2012, the settlement of Toktogul was granted city status. The population is 16.4 thousand residents (2009). In eleven villages and settlements of the Toktogul district, there are 86,306 people. The map of Toktogul shows that it is situated on the shore of the Toktogul reservoir. It was formed on the Naryn

19.07.2014, 07:04

Tash-Kumyr

Tash-Kumyr

The first settlements in the current location of the city of Tashkumyr appeared during the pre-revolutionary period with the beginning of coal deposit exploration. The development of coal mining began in the 1930s after the construction of the Tashkumyr – Andijan railway. In 1933, a mining administration was established. In 1930, when a coal basin opened in this region, a small mining settlement was established, which grew into a city in 1943. In the 1960s, with the start of construction of

19.07.2014, 06:36

Sulukta

Sulyukta

Sulyukta is a city of regional subordination in the Batken region of Kyrgyzstan. Population (2009) — 20.7 thousand people. The city is located in the northern foothills of the Turkestan Range, at an altitude of 1380 meters above sea level, 150 km west of the regional center, the city of Batken (via the route: Sulyukta — Leilek District, Sughd Region of the Republic of Tajikistan — Batken) and 950 km from the republican center, Bishkek. The city is connected by the Sulyukta narrow-gauge railway

19.07.2014, 00:26

Kyzyl-Kiya

Kyzyl-Kiya

Kyzyl-Kiya is a city of regional subordination in the Batken region of Kyrgyzstan. Population (2009) — 44.1 thousand people. The city is located in the northeastern part of the Batken region, at the intersection of the highways "Osh—Sulyukta" and "Osh—Fergana," 150 km northeast of the regional center — the city of Batken; 86 km southwest of the city of Osh and 39 km southeast of the regional center, the city of Fergana in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The city is situated at

19.07.2014, 00:02

Kemin

Kemin

Kemin is a city in Kyrgyzstan. It is the administrative center of the Kemin District in the Chuy Region. It is located on the banks of the Chu River, 95 km east of Bishkek. The population is 8,169 residents, making it the largest settlement in the district. The Bishkek – Balykchy road and railway pass through Kemin. During the Soviet era, a number of industrial enterprises were built in Kemin, including electrical engineering, linoleum, building materials, bread factories, a gold mining plant,

18.07.2014, 23:31

Kochkor

Kochkor

The city of Kochkor is located on the main road leading from Balakchi to Naryn and has become a natural stopping point for nomads and travelers. Most people also used Kochkor (the Russian name Kochkorka) as a transit base to China via the Torugart Pass. A mosque and a hotel (teahouse) were built here. This place has always attracted the attention of people from various nationalities. Besides Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Uyghurs, Dungans, and later Russian and German settlers settled on this plain. (After

18.07.2014, 23:09

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan

Nikolai Mikhailovich PRZHEVALSKY

Nikolai Mikhailovich PRZHEVALSKY (1839—1888) was a Russian scientist and naturalist who explored previously unknown regions of Inner Asia, a major general (1886), and an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1878).

18.07.2014, 23:07

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Peter Petrovich SEMENOV (Tian-Shansky)

One of the first pioneers in the study of Kyrgyzstan was the Russian scientist and traveler Petr Petrovich SEMENOV (1827—1914), who, for his scientific contributions to the study of the Tengri-Tuu region (in Chinese “Tian-Shan”) in 1856—1857 and subsequent years, received the honorary literary name “Tian-Shan.” He created the orographic scheme of Tengri-Tuu and refuted the existing theories in contemporary science about the volcanic origin of the Tengri-Tuu mountain system.

18.07.2014, 23:02

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Vasily Vladimirovich BARTOLD

The luminary of European Oriental studies was the Russian scholar Vasily Vladimirovich BARTOLD (November 3, 1869 — August 19, 1930). He graduated from the Faculty of Eastern Languages at St. Petersburg University (1891). His dissertation "Turkestan in the Era of the Mongol Invasion," prepared for obtaining a master's degree, was recognized as a doctoral thesis (1900). He personally visited various regions of Central Asia, including Kyrgyzstan.

18.07.2014, 22:53

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Vasily Vasilievich Radlov

Vasily Vasilievich RADLOV (January 5, 1837 — May 12, 1918) represents a new peak in Russian Turkology. He was born and studied in Berlin. Among his university professors was the orientalist Wilhelm Schott (1802—1880), who published a scientific article on the history of the Kyrgyz in 1864.

18.07.2014, 22:51

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Chokan Chingisovich Valikhanov

Chokan Chingisovich VALIKHANOV (November 1835 — April 1865) was a Russian scholar of Kazakh nationality.

18.07.2014, 22:42

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Kozhomurat SARYKULAKOV

Kozhomurat SARYKULAKOV (1892-1918) — a public figure, one of the first Kyrgyz students who studied at European universities. He was born in the Uzun-Kyrskaya volost (now - Kant district) of the Pishpek county. In 1911, he graduated from the Vernensky Gymnasium (in present-day Almaty) with a silver medal. From 1911 to 1913, he studied in Kyiv at Saint Vladimir University in the medical faculty, and from 1914 to 1917, he studied at the law faculty of Kazan University. After the fall of the

18.07.2014, 22:27

Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan / Historical figures

Mollo Niyaz

Mollo NIYAZ (1820-1896) - poet, thinker, and educator. He was born in the Shai-Merden valley (Shakhimardan) in southern Kyrgyzstan. He studied at a madrasah (a higher Muslim school) in the city of Kashgar. His poems and poetic admonitions, which have survived to this day, are characterized by wisdom and a call for enlightenment. He traveled through both Fergana and Southern Kyrgyzstan, as well as Central Tengri-Too and Eastern Turkestan. His philosophical views on life, death, the universe,

18.07.2014, 22:08