The first settlements in the current location of the city of Tashkumyr appeared during the pre-revolutionary period with the beginning of coal deposit exploration. The development of coal mining began in the 1930s after the construction of the Tashkumyr – Andijan railway. In 1933, a mining administration was established.
In 1930, when a coal basin opened in this region, a small mining settlement was established, which grew into a city in 1943.
In the 1960s, with the start of construction of the Uchkurghan Hydroelectric Power Station, and later the Toktogul Hydroelectric Power Station, Tashkumyr became a city not only for miners but also for builders and energy workers (the city of Karakul was under the administrative jurisdiction of Tashkumyr as an urban-type settlement until 1968).
Subsequently, a tobacco fermentation plant and other industrial facilities were built. Since 1982, construction began on a semiconductor materials plant—one of the largest in the world’s silicon production.
The city of Tashkumyr in the Jalalabad region is located in the northeastern part of the Fergana Valley, bordering the Aksy district to the northwest, the city of Karakul to the northeast, and the Nooken district to the east. The area of the city is 48.3 km² and is situated at an altitude of 585 meters above sea level. In summer, the average air temperature reaches +40°C, while in winter it drops to -15°C. The wind speed is 6-8 m/s. The population of the city is multinational: Kyrgyz - 65%, Russians - 12%, Uzbeks - 8%, Kazakhs - 1%, Tatars - 7%, Tajiks - 0.5%, Ukrainians - 1%, and other nationalities - 5%.
The city is located on the right bank of the Naryn River (Syr Darya River basin), near the Bishkek — Osh highway. The distance to Bishkek is 450 km, and to Jalalabad is 129 km. It is connected by a railway line (33 km) to the Uch-Kurghan station (Uzbek: Uchqurghon) (on the Andijan — Namangan line).
Currently, the city includes the settlements of Shamaldisay, Kyzyljar, and the village of Tendik. The center of the city is Tashkumyr. The city is situated on the right bank of the Naryn River, near the Bishkek–Osh highway. The distance to Bishkek is 450 km, and to Jalalabad is 129 km.
The industrial sectors of the city include coal mining, hydropower, chemical production, tobacco leaf fermentation, construction, transportation, and others.
In 1989, the Semiconductor Materials Plant was put into operation, intended for the production of trichlorosilane, silicon tetrachloride, polycrystalline silicon, and synthetic quartz crucibles.
