News about Kyrgyzstan, tourism, attractions, Kyrgyz cuisine, history, traditions, and customs

About Kyrgyzstan

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State structure
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National symbols
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Government
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Armed forces
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National currency
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Banknotes
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Circulation coins
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Collectible coins
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Political organization
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Domestic policy
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Foreign policy
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History
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Kyrgyz in antiquity
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Kyrgyz in the VI-XII centuries
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Kyrgyz in the XIII—first half of XVIII century
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The struggle for the independence of the Kyrgyz
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Kyrgyzstan as part of Russia
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Kyrgyzstan during the Soviet period
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Kyrgyzstan — a sovereign state
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Historical records
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Kurmanjan Datka
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Chagatai Ulus. Haidu State. Moghulistan
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History and archeology of the ancient Tien Shan
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Peoples movements of Central Asia in the XIX century
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Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War
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Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s
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1937 in Kyrgyzstan
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Shabdan Baatyr
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Territory, geography and administrative division
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Chuy Region
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Attractions of Chuy Region
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Issyk-Kul Region
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Sights of Issyk-Kul
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Naryn Region
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Attractions of Naryn Region
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Talas Region
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Attractions of Talas Region
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Osh Region
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Attractions of Osh Region
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Batken Region
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Attractions of Batken Region
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Jalal-Abad Region
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Attractions of Jalal-Abad Region
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Cities
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Bishkek
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Streets of Bishkek
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Pishpek - Frunze - Bishkek
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History of the capital of Kyrgyzstan in documents
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Osh
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Osh - 3000
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Naryn
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Jalal-Abad
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Batken
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Talas
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Karakol
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Tokmok
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Cholpon-Ata
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Uzgen
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Kochkor
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Kemin
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Balykchy
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Kyzyl-Kiya
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Mailuu-Suu
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Sulukta
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Tash-Kumyr
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Toktogul
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Kara-Kul
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Kara-Balta
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Kara-Balta - Black Ax
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Kant
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Villages
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Population
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Language
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Diaspora
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Nature
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Climate
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Natural ecological complexes
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Water resources
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Rivers
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Lakes
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Secrets of Issyk-Kul Lake
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Reservoirs
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Waterfalls
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Mineral waters
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Flora
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Fauna of Kyrgyzstan
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Mammals of Kyrgyzstan
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Birds of Kyrgyzstan
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Fish of Kyrgyzstan
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Amphibians and reptiles of Kyrgyzstan
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Insects of Kyrgyzstan
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Mountains and glaciers
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Mountain ranges
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Mountain peaks
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Mountain passes
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Glaciers
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Caves
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Gorges
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National parks and reserves
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Pastures and valleys
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Soil and minerals
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Red Book
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Fungi and higher plants
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Animals
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Arthropods
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Fish
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Amphibians and reptiles
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Birds
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Mammals
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Economy of Kyrgyzstan
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Entrepreneurship
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Agriculture
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Finance
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Construction
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Industry
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Transport and communications
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Socio-economic resources
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Tourism industry
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Healthcare
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Education
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Sports
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Science
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Environmental science
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Mass media
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Art
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Dances
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Ballet
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Decorative and applied arts
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Musical instruments
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Architecture
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Painting
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Music
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Theater
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Cinema
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Sculpture
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Circus
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Literature
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Photography
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Culture
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Epigraphy
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Folklore
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Kyrgyz heroic epic "Manas"
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The epic "Manas" in prose
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Poetic retelling of the epic "Manas"
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"Semetey" - poetic story
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"Semetey" in prose
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Religion
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Ethnography
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National games
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Customs
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Myths and legends
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Kyrgyz fairy tales
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Kyrgyz cuisine
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Meat and offal dishes
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Soups of Kyrgyzstan
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Main dishes of Kyrgyzstan
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Sweet dishes of Kyrgyzstan
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Drinks of Kyrgyzstan
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Salads and appetizers
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Flour products
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Miscellaneous information about Kyrgyzstan
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Historical and holiday dates of Kyrgyzstan
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Famous personalities of Kyrgyzstan
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Women of Kyrgyzstan
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Historical figures
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Heroes of Kyrgyzstan
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Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic
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Heroes internationalists
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Heroes of Kyrgyzstan in World War II
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Kyrgyzstanis — Full cavaliers of the Order of Glory
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Writers of Kyrgyzstan
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Inventors of Kyrgyzstan
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Scientists of Kyrgyzstan
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Architects of Kyrgyzstan
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Artists of Kyrgyzstan
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Musicians of Kyrgyzstan
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Cinematographers of Soviet Kyrgyzstan
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Actors of Kyrgyzstan
Legislative Foundations for the Creation and Functioning of the Military Security Assurance System of the Kyrgyz Republic
Armed forces

Legislative Foundations for the Creation and Functioning of the Military Security Assurance System of the Kyrgyz Republic

Not considering any state or coalition of states as its adversary, and opposing the use of military force to achieve political and economic goals, Kyrgyzstan has nevertheless recognized the necessity of preparing the country to defend against possible armed attacks. Thus, the state has committed itself to maintaining and developing its own armed forces (AF).

09.04.2014, 21:09
Formation of New Tasks and Strategies for the Future
Education

Formation of New Tasks and Strategies for the Future

Licensing and accreditation of higher education institutions. For several years now, a comprehensive system for the licensing and accreditation of educational institutions in the republic has been in development. In 1994, the State Inspection for Licensing and Accreditation of Educational Institutions of the Kyrgyz Republic was established under the Ministry of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic.

08.04.2014, 22:54
International Relations in the Field of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic
Education

International Relations in the Field of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic

Guided by the principles of creating a unified educational space with neighboring countries, Kyrgyzstan has established contacts with 11 CIS countries and signed about 28 inter-agency and intergovernmental agreements on cooperation with the relevant ministries. The implementation of a coordinated state policy with the CIS member states received a new impetus following the signing of the agreement on cooperation to form a unified educational space of the Commonwealth of Independent States on

08.04.2014, 22:46
Employment of Graduates
Education

Employment of Graduates

An important issue today is the establishment of reliable contacts between universities and potential employers. It should be noted that the information about future employment and the requirements that a particular enterprise or organization imposes on a young specialist is imperfect, which creates serious problems for quality control in education.

08.04.2014, 22:34
Key Indicators of Higher Education Reform and Their Effectiveness Over 15 Years
Education

Key Indicators of Higher Education Reform and Their Effectiveness Over 15 Years

Today, the issues of accessibility and quality of education are at the heart of educational reforms in the Kyrgyz Republic. Thanks to the reform policy, the national education system has managed to maintain the sustainability of its development in a short time, establish a variety of educational programs at all levels of the educational ladder, offer alternative forms and new teaching technologies, achieve multi-channel funding, and carry out decentralization of the management system and its

08.04.2014, 22:26
Higher Professional Education System
Education

Higher Professional Education System

The number of higher educational institutions in the republic has increased more than fourfold since 1991. According to census data, the number of university students per 10,000 population in 2002 was 419, which is more than three times higher than in 1991. Over a decade (1989-1999), despite a high level of emigration, the proportion of the population with higher education increased (from 94 people per 1,000 people aged 15 and older in 1989 to 105 in 1999). This was the result of a series of

08.04.2014, 22:06
Pedagogical Staff
Education

Pedagogical Staff

At the beginning of the 2004/05 academic year, the number of teaching staff in secondary vocational educational institutions amounted to 3,019 people, which is 1.4 times more than in the 1999/2000 academic year. This includes 2,250 full-time teachers (74.5% of the total number) and 769 teachers working on a part-time basis (25.5%). With the increase in the number of students, the number of teachers is also growing, and currently, the average student-to-teacher ratio in vocational education

08.04.2014, 21:57
Secondary Vocational Education
Education

Secondary Vocational Education

According to the census data, significant changes occurred in the distribution of the employed population by types of activity from 1989 to 1999. The number of people employed in industrial production decreased by 2.6 times over the decade. In the mining industry, the number of employed people fell by more than 3 times from 1998 to 1999, totaling 8,400 individuals.

07.04.2014, 23:22
General Secondary Education
Education

General Secondary Education

Over the past 15 years, the system of general secondary education has functioned quite steadily, with an increase in the network of public schools and the number of students. According to the National Statistical Committee, in 2005, there were 2045 mass schools operating in the republic, with 1,121.6 thousand students enrolled. In the republic's schools, education is conducted in several languages: 63.9% of students are taught in Kyrgyz, 24.5% in Russian, 13.5% in Uzbek, and 0.3% in

07.04.2014, 23:01
Preschool Education
Education

Preschool Education

Since 1998, the reduction in the number of preschool institutions has been halted, and a quantitative growth has been observed. As of 2004, the number of children's preschool institutions amounted to 417, with an enrollment of 46.3 thousand children. The development primarily focused on models of preschool institutions that are alternatives to state ones. A lot of attention was given to additional educational services for the population through programs for the development of younger

07.04.2014, 22:56
Science of Kyrgyzstan in 1991-2005.
Science

Science of Kyrgyzstan in 1991-2005.

The scientific potential of Kyrgyzstan is concentrated in 92 independent scientific and technical institutions, organizations, enterprises, higher educational institutions, scientific and production centers, and temporary creative collectives.

07.04.2014, 22:41
The Rise of Monumental and Plastic Art in Kyrgyzstan
Painting

The Rise of Monumental and Plastic Art in Kyrgyzstan

Since the mid-90s, artists have increasingly participated in exhibitions both in the republic and in neighboring and distant countries. Among the most significant exhibitions are: the all-Union "Our Contemporary" (Moscow, 1982) and "Watercolor Exhibition" (Moscow, 1984); exhibitions of Kyrgyz art in Morocco (1995), India (1987), and Cuba (1989). Among the recent international exhibitions, the following stand out: "Ecology - Woman" (Bishkek, 1995),

07.04.2014, 21:54
Mass Musical Folklore
Folklore

Mass Musical Folklore

Today, in the era of sovereign, independent Kyrgyzstan, there is a genuine revival of the national language and culture. The restructuring of the musical infrastructure in favor of heritage has begun. Folklore competitions are being organized, new ensembles are being created, and talented solo musicians are gaining popularity. Folklore has become the heritage of not only rural but also urban environments, and it has entered the international arena.

07.04.2014, 21:46
Cultural Life of Kyrgyzstan
Culture

Cultural Life of Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz are mentioned in historical written sources earlier than the neighboring peoples currently living in Central Asia. The first information about the Kyrgyz dates back to the 3rd century BC. Today, the culture of Kyrgyzstan represents a system of nomadic and agricultural culture. The country is characterized by a civilizational synthesis and cultural pluralism. The culture of Kyrgyzstan is presented as a symbiosis of traditions, customs, worldviews, stereotypes, and the mentality of a

07.04.2014, 21:40
Muslim Organizations at the End of 2005
Religion

Muslim Organizations at the End of 2005

The Islamic religion is represented in the republic by two schools (madhhabs) of Sunni tradition — followers of Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Shafi'i, united in one religious organization — the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Kyrgyzstan (DUMK).

07.04.2014, 20:43
Christian Organizations
Religion

Christian Organizations

Christianity in the republic is represented by three major branches: Orthodoxy, Catholicism, and Protestantism, which in turn is divided into 13 directions.

07.04.2014, 20:06
Religion in Modern Kyrgyzstan
Religion

Religion in Modern Kyrgyzstan

Unlike the settled peoples of Central Asia, the Kyrgyz were the last to adopt Islam. It is important to note that the level of religiosity among the Kyrgyz in the north and south of the country varies significantly, which is predetermined by the historical development of the region. A characteristic feature of the religiosity of the Kyrgyz in the north is the close intertwining of Islam with pre-Islamic pagan beliefs, accepting only the external form of Islam—rituals, traditions, and holidays.

07.04.2014, 17:35
Orography of the Chui Valley
Chuy Region

Orography of the Chui Valley

The Chui Valley is located on the northern edge of the Kyrgyz Republic. The Kyrgyz part of the valley covers the relatively extensive left bank of the Chu River from the meridian of the Boom Gorge in the east to the upper and middle reaches of the river (Aspara) Ashmara, a right tributary of the Kuragaty River in the west. The valley stretches in a latitudinal direction from west to east over a distance of 200 km, and 100 km from north to south at its widest point. To the west and northwest,

04.04.2014, 16:15
Macroeconomic Indicators of 2005
Economy of Kyrgyzstan

Macroeconomic Indicators of 2005

The stable growth dynamics of Kyrgyzstan's economy observed in recent years was interrupted by the events following the coup d'état on March 24, 2005. The goals of the COR-2010 were called into question.

21.03.2014, 16:09
The Economy of Kyrgyzstan in 1991 - 2005
Economy of Kyrgyzstan

The Economy of Kyrgyzstan in 1991 - 2005

The post-Soviet period in the Kyrgyz Republic was marked by dynamic changes. Gaining independence, Kyrgyzstan, at the end of 1991 and the beginning of 1992, like all other CIS countries, began the transition to a democratic system of governance and the implementation of radical economic reforms. They had to start and carry out these reforms under conditions of an unprecedented depth of economic crisis. The collapse of the Soviet Union meant a rupture of cooperative ties between economic

21.03.2014, 14:51
Migration Situation in the Kyrgyz Republic from 1991 to 2005
Population

Migration Situation in the Kyrgyz Republic from 1991 to 2005

According to various estimates, between 500,000 and 800,000 people have left Kyrgyzstan since gaining independence. As a result of this mass migration outflow, the economy of the country has suffered irreparable damage. The Republic has lost tens of thousands of qualified specialists, primarily engineers, educators, medical professionals, builders, and figures from science and culture.

20.03.2014, 23:36
Population of Kyrgyzstan in 1991 - 2005
Population

Population of Kyrgyzstan in 1991 - 2005

Over the years of independence, the processes of social development in the country have significantly affected the demographic situation and its trends. The transformation of the country's economic system has led to structural changes in the social environment — the conditions and way of life of people have changed.

20.03.2014, 23:13
Nonmetals
Soil and minerals

Nonmetals

Gypsum reserves are accounted for in six deposits, and extraction is carried out by small enterprises.

20.03.2014, 22:44
Metallic Minerals
Soil and minerals

Metallic Minerals

Ferrous metals: iron, manganese, vanadium. Non-ferrous metals: aluminum, tungsten, tin, mercury, antimony. Rare and rare earth metals: beryllium, bismuth, tantalum, niobium, gold, silver.

20.03.2014, 22:38
Oil and Gas
Soil and minerals

Oil and Gas

Oil and gas are primarily found along the borders of the Fergana Basin. To date, seven oil fields, four oil and gas fields, two gas fields, and one oil and gas condensate field are known. All developed fields are small in terms of reserves.

20.03.2014, 22:22
Coal
Soil and minerals

Coal

Coal deposits in the republic are grouped into 4 basins (Southern Fergana, Uzgen, Northern Fergana, Kavak) and 3 coal-bearing regions (Alaï, Alabuka-Chatyr-Kel, Southern Issyk-Kul). According to experts, coal reserves in Kyrgyzstan exceed 30 billion tons. Coal deposits are mainly concentrated in the Osh, Jalal-Abad, Issyk-Kul, and Naryn regions.

20.03.2014, 22:17
Hydrocarbon Resources
Soil and minerals

Hydrocarbon Resources

The territory of the republic has discovered deposits of coal, gas, and oil. Among them, coal deposits are the most widespread. In terms of coal reserves, Kyrgyzstan ranks among the leading positions in Central Asia. The deposits of oil, gas, black and non-ferrous metals, precious metals, and other minerals are quite competitive on a global scale.

20.03.2014, 22:14
Mineral Waters
Mineral waters

Mineral Waters

Groundwater is one of the main water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic (KR). They are characterized by a high content of biologically active mineral (and less often organic) components and possess specific physicochemical properties (radioactivity, etc.), which underlie their effects on the human body and therapeutic applications.

20.03.2014, 22:04
Hydropower Resources
Industry

Hydropower Resources

Water is essential for electricity production: over 90% of the electricity for household consumption in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan is generated by hydropower plants. As for hydropower resources, the potential of the republic is estimated at 142.5 billion kWh of possible annual electricity generation (16.3 million kW in capacity), which can serve as a basis for large-scale hydropower construction. The technically feasible hydropower resources of the republic amount to 72.9 billion kWh, of which

20.03.2014, 21:48
Drinking Water and Glaciers
Nature

Drinking Water and Glaciers

Water resources are vital for the economy, humans, and the environment; they are the most important natural potential influencing the development of the region's economy. Among the natural resources of Kyrgyzstan, fresh water found in glaciers occupies a significant place. Its reserves are estimated at 650 billion m³. Glaciers cover 4.2% of the country's territory. This is where the sources of the Syr Darya basin and other major rivers of Central Asia are located.

20.03.2014, 21:39
Biological Resources
Environmental science

Biological Resources

Climatic conditions, along with other factors, determine the characteristics of biological resources. What is biodiversity? It is the foundation of all natural systems that support life on Earth: water purification, oxygen and carbon replenishment, soil fertility maintenance, and provision of food and medicine. The specificity of the plant and animal world of Kyrgyzstan is defined by the relative abundance of species despite their comparatively low overall numbers.

20.03.2014, 18:57
Agriculture, Land Resources of Kyrgyzstan
Agriculture

Agriculture, Land Resources of Kyrgyzstan

Land Resources of Kyrgyzstan The climatic features dictate the development of agricultural sectors and farming with a high level of irrigation. The landscapes of the low semi-closed basins — Fergana, Chui, Talas — have been almost completely transformed into cultivated landscapes. Here, viticulture, horticulture, melon growing, and vegetable growing are well developed, with all cotton, tobacco, rice plantations and major areas of grain and technical crops concentrated. Rainfed and semi-rainfed

20.03.2014, 17:07
Kyrgyz-Tajik Border
Territory, geography and administrative division

Kyrgyz-Tajik Border

Negotiations are underway regarding the delimitation of state borders between the governmental commissions of the two countries after a long forced break. The negotiation process was interrupted in 1998 due to the internal political situation in Tajikistan, which was caused by the aftermath of the civil war in that country. A Protocol on the comprehensive consideration of bilateral issues between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (1996) has been signed, which outlines the beginning of discussions on

17.03.2014, 22:57
Kyrgyz-Uzbek Border
Territory, geography and administrative division

Kyrgyz-Uzbek Border

At the state border of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, 1400 square kilometers of area are subject to delimitation and demarcation. Of this area, 994 km² have been jointly surveyed and clarified, and 290 km² have been agreed upon. According to the information from the government commission of the Kyrgyz Republic on the delimitation and demarcation of the state border with Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, the agreed section passes through the territories of the Jalal-Abad and Talas regions of Kyrgyzstan.

17.03.2014, 22:39
Kyrgyz-Kazakh Border
Territory, geography and administrative division

Kyrgyz-Kazakh Border

The administrative-territorial demarcation of the republics of the former USSR predetermined the complexities in the process of legal formalization of state borders of the CIS countries in accordance with international practice. The main principles of this process are defined in the Agreement on the Creation of the CIS (December 8, 1991), the Almaty Declaration on the Formation of the CIS (December 21, 1991), the Minsk Declaration (February 14, 1992), treaties on eternal friendship and

17.03.2014, 22:26
Kyrgyz-Chinese Border
Territory, geography and administrative division

Kyrgyz-Chinese Border

The history of the formation of the modern Kyrgyz-Chinese border dates back to the second half of the 19th century, during the period of Russia's conquest of the Kokand Khanate, when the lands of the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz previously captured by Kokand were gradually incorporated into the Russian Empire. Its new territories in the Central Asian-Kazakhstan region reached the borders with the Chinese Empire: the Semirechye region with its Issyk-Kul (later known as Przhevalsk) district and the

17.03.2014, 20:58
Attractions of Naryn Region
Attractions of Naryn Region

Attractions of Naryn Region

Historical-Architectural and Modern Attractions, as well as Natural-Ecological Complexes Cities Naryn Kochkor Natural-Ecological Complexes: Upper Naryn Small Naryn Architectural Monuments Koshoy-Korgon Settlement (7th-8th centuries) Tash-Rabat - Caravanserai of the 15th century Mausoleum of Taylak-Batyr (19th century) Stone Age Settlement (On-Archa) Water Resources: Naryn River Lake Son-Kul Lake Chatyr-Kul Toktogul Reservoir Uch-Korgon Reservoir Kurpsay Reservoir Sarala-Saz Waterfall Son-Kul

17.03.2014, 17:18
Attractions of the Issyk-Kul Region
Sights of Issyk-Kul

Attractions of the Issyk-Kul Region

Historical and Cultural Monuments of the City of Karakol Attractions of the Southern Shore of Issyk-Kul and Terskey Ala-Too Attractions of the Northern Shore of Lake Issyk-Kul and Kungay Ala-Too Sunken Cities and Lake Issyk-Kul

17.03.2014, 16:08
Judicial Power of the Kyrgyz Republic
Government

Judicial Power of the Kyrgyz Republic

Since 1990, reforms of the judiciary of Kyrgyzstan have been underway. The following laws of the Kyrgyz Republic have been adopted: "On the Court System of the Kyrgyz SSR" (1990), "On the Arbitration Court of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan" (1992), "On the Procedure for Resolving Economic Disputes by the Arbitration Courts of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan" (1992), "On the Constitutional Court of the Kyrgyz Republic" (1993), "On Constitutional Court

17.03.2014, 14:56
Government of the Kyrgyz Republic
Government

Government of the Kyrgyz Republic

The executive power in the Kyrgyz Republic is exercised by the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic. The Prime Minister of the Kyrgyz Republic is appointed by the President. According to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, laws, and presidential decrees, the Prime Minister determines the main directions of government activity, organizes its work, and is personally responsible for its activities, presenting candidates for the appointment of heads of its substructures to the President. The

17.03.2014, 14:14