Cinematographers of Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Abdyldaev Bekesh

Abdyldaev Bekesh Film director. Honored Artist of the Kyrgyz SSR (1979). Member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1974. Born on January 1, 1933, in the village of Tegermet in the Kemin district to a peasant family. After completing a seven-year rural school, he continued his education at boarding school No. 5 named after A. S. Pushkin in Frunze. In 1953, he entered the Tashkent Theater and Art Institute named after A. I. Ostrovsky in the acting faculty and graduated in 1957. B.

28.04.2018, 16:03

Cinematographers of Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Abdykulov Karel Aydarbekovich

Abdykulov Karel Aydarbekovich Cinematographer. Born on May 31, 1940, in the collective farm "Alga" of the Kant district. After graduating from a seven-year rural school, he entered an agricultural technical school in the agronomy department and graduated in 1959. Soon he began working at the Frunze studio as a worker, a crane operator on the film "The Girl of Tien Shan" (1961) by A. Ochkina, then as a lighting technician on "The Pass" (1961) by A. Sakharov, an

28.04.2018, 15:46

Cinematographers of Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Abdykulov Imankul Abdykulovich

Abdykulov Imankul Abdykulovich Organizer of film production. Member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1963. Born on October 13, 1932, in the village of Kara-Bulak, Kemin District, in a peasant family. After completing seven years of schooling, he studied at the Frunze Pedagogical College. In 1950, he was assigned as a primary school teacher to a seven-year school in the village of Kalininsky. From 1952 to 1958, he taught at the Beishikenskaya seven-year school in Kemin District.

28.04.2018, 15:40

Cinematographers of Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Abdiev Musa

Abdiev Musa Costume designer. Born on February 23, 1934, in the collective farm named after Karl Marx in the Suzak district of the Osh region, in a peasant family. After graduating from the Jalal-Abad boarding school, he studied at the Frunze Art College from 1951 to 1954, then was drafted into the army. He completed his studies in 1959 and was accepted as an assistant production designer at the Frunze Film Studio. Since 1962, he worked at "Kyrgyzfilm" as a costume designer. He

28.04.2018, 15:34

Epigraphy

The Fourth Talas Monument

The Fourth Talas Monument In the summer of 1982, on Lenin Street (formerly Zhany-Chek) at the 1st section of the "40 Years of October" state farm, near the barn of the dairy farm, a boulder with an ancient Turkic runic inscription was discovered while leveling a pit. The stone had apparently been lying with the inscription facing down for a long time. As previously noted, between 1896 and 1898, in the vicinity of the village of Dmitrievskoye (now the city of Talas), local historian

28.04.2018, 15:13

Cinema

The Path of Kyrgyz Cinema

Kyrgyz Cinema The first founding congress of the Union of Cinematographers of Kyrgyzstan opened on October 24, 1962. At that time, it had 33 members. Today, two decades later, the group of Kyrgyz cinematographers has tripled in size. The very emergence of Kyrgyz cinema is inextricably linked to significant milestones in the socialist construction in the USSR.

27.04.2018, 18:29

Epigraphy

From the History of the Discovery and Study of Ancient Turkic Runic Monuments in Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz are one of the ancient peoples of Central Asia. Together with other Turkic peoples and tribes, they used ancient Turkic runic writing during the early medieval period, which was replaced by Old Uyghur script in the 10th-11th centuries. The runic monuments are unique texts that have preserved many common features of the dialects of the tribes living in the areas where this script was used. As early as the late 17th century, Russian cartographer, geographer, and historian of Siberia,

27.04.2018, 14:19

Osh

Osh. The Development of the City in Soviet Times

Osh — the oldest city in Kyrgyzstan. Findings of lifted ceramics and stone artifacts from the Bronze Age in the territory of the city, followed by excavation work on the terraces of Suleiman Mountain, have shown their affiliation with the Chust archaeological culture, dated to 3000 years ago. The archaeologically documented age of the oldest settlement in Osh is evidence of the first stable economic development by primitive humans of the territory of the modern city. Thus, the previously held

21.04.2018, 20:43

Osh

Osh. Events in Southern Kyrgyzstan in February 1917

February Bourgeois-Democratic Revolution of 1917 in Osh. The overthrow of the tsarist autocracy on February 27 (March 12), 1917, in Petrograd, and soon in Moscow, by the uprising workers and soldiers — mostly peasants dressed in soldiers' overcoats — led to the widespread victory of the second Russian bourgeois-democratic revolution across the country by March. The most characteristic feature of this revolution, both in the center of the country and in the national outskirts, including

19.04.2018, 21:14

Osh

Osh. The Uprising of 1916.

The Uprising of 1916 in Southern Kyrgyzstan Deep dissatisfaction with the tsarist government and its anti-people foreign and domestic policies manifested itself, in particular, in spontaneous anti-war protests in Central Russia and the Central Asian outskirts of the country immediately after the first mobilizations of reserve soldiers. Among these was the protest on July 21-22, 1914, at the Andijan assembly point of peasants and townspeople called up to the army, who left behind unprotected

16.04.2018, 21:05

Osh

Osh. Revolutionary Events of 1905-1907.

The revolutionary protests of workers, townspeople, and peasants in southern Kyrgyzstan in 1905-1907 were an integral part of the first popular revolution in Russia during the period of imperialism. After the events of Bloody Sunday—January 9, 1905, in St. Petersburg, influenced by the revolutionary upsurge sweeping the country, the growing national liberation movement flowed into the overall stream of democratic forces. Together with their Russian brothers, the workers and peasants of Central

15.04.2018, 11:23

Decorative and applied arts

Features of Kyrgyz Carpet

The loom for producing pile carpets, under the drawing of the weaving loom, is schematically represented in a horizontal cross-section, explaining the formation of the shed. Batken District. A feature of the Kyrgyz carpet is the presence of fringe, consisting of warp threads (20—25 cm) braided together.

13.04.2018, 11:19

Decorative and applied arts

What material are Kyrgyz carpets made from?

The main stages of carpet making are the preparation of yarn, then the carpet's foundation, and the weaving process. All these types of work in manual production, on which carpet weaving has been based for centuries, are very labor-intensive. Kyrgyz people predominantly wove carpets from wool. However, there was also carpet production based on cotton with the same weft. Cotton yarn, as the artisans say, has been used since ancient times and was bought at the market. Among the Kyrgyz group

13.04.2018, 11:09

Decorative and applied arts

The Art of Kyrgyz Carpet Weavers

During the years of imperialist and civil war, and during the basmachi uprising in southern Kyrgyzstan, carpets were not produced. Only after enduring hardships did the artisans take up their production again, but carpet weaving took on different forms. The production of small pile items ceased, as they lost their value in the new living conditions. The main pile item became the carpet. Starting from the 1930s, the Soviet government undertook a series of measures to develop Kyrgyz carpet

13.04.2018, 11:01

Osh

Osh. Popular Uprisings in the Late 19th Century

The uprisings of the townspeople of Osh and the rural residents of the district in the 1880s and 1890s were part of the popular unrest in the Fergana region. They were caused everywhere by the same socio-economic reasons, directed against the intensification of colonial oppression and the oppression of the local exploitative elite. The religious coloring or involvement of some feudal elements in leading them did not change their overall anti-colonial and anti-feudal orientation. Following the

12.04.2018, 13:50

Osh

"Osh. Monuments of Osh"

Cult Structures of the City Pre-revolutionary Osh was not very rich in historical and architectural monuments; nevertheless, some of them, even those that have not survived to this day, deserve at least a mention, if not a description. Mainly, these are cult structures. We can name the dome of Kurbandzhan-dakhi, built at the foot of Suleiman Mountain in 1907; the mosque of Muhammad Yusupa-Baykhodji, erected in 1909-1910, next to which was the domed mosque of Sydykbay from the 19th century, the

08.04.2018, 18:41

Osh

Osh. Taxes and Levies

Tax Exploitation in Pre-Revolutionary Osh After the fall of the Kokand Khanate on February 17, 1876, the Turkestan administration established the "Commission for Clarifying Tax Obligations and State Property of Fergana," which presented a report with its proposals on March 11 of the same year "on the method of revenue collection and the abolition of certain revenue items that do not comply with our laws." Lieutenant General Kolpakovsky imposed a resolution on the report:

07.04.2018, 11:32

Osh

Osh. Economic Activities

Coat of Arms of the City of Osh Agriculture and farming have always played an important role in the economy of Osh during the pre-revolutionary period. This is similar to other late feudal cities in Central Asia, whose populations were equally closely tied to the land. Most of the Osh farmers were residents of the old ("indigenous") part of the city, which was even designated as a separate tax district within the Osh county. Its lands were located around the city. In 1903-1905, the

04.04.2018, 14:45

Mass media

Mobile and Cellular Communication in Kyrgyzstan

Mobile and Cellular Communication In a small mountainous country, where the population has just surpassed five million people, competition in the field of Internet and mobile communication is quite developed (this fact is relative when compared to larger countries).

03.04.2018, 21:26

Osh

Osh. Population

Growth of the Population of Osh “Although the colonial path of development that Central Asia took after its annexation to Russia and its transformation into a raw material appendage of the metropolis hindered industrial development, during this period, more favorable conditions were created than before for the deepening of social division of labor, increasing the commodity nature of the economy, and developing economic specialization in certain areas, which led to significant urban growth,”

02.04.2018, 21:11

Mass media

Internet Providers of Kyrgyzstan

Internet Providers of Kyrgyzstan In recent years, Kyrgyzstan has become a leader among CIS countries in the number of Internet users. The priority goal of the ICT sector (Information and Communication Technologies) is the implementation of new technologies and rapid growth of providers.

01.04.2018, 15:43

Osh

Osh. City Management

Police Administration in the City City management particularly vividly reflects the discriminatory and exploitative orientation of the tsarist government's policy in Turkestan towards the local, non-Russian population. Unlike other county centers in the Fergana region, where city management and its economy, including budget preparation, were entrusted to county chiefs with symbolic participation from city deputies, in Osh, where the majority of the city's residents were indigenous to

01.04.2018, 11:55

Osh

Osh. District Center

Descriptions of Osh by Russian and Foreign Travelers After the dissolution of the Kokand Khanate, the Fergana region was established in its territory as part of the Turkestan General Governorship. The sizes of the new administrative units—districts—were initially determined by the borders of the former vilayets with their bekstans and sarkerstans. In the Osh district, the Bulak-Bashinsk bekstan and the Osh sarkerstans initially remained, but later they were replaced by volosts. The city of Osh

31.03.2018, 16:17

Osh

Osh. Terrible Years

Mass Popular Movements in the Kokand Khanate Particularly significant events took place in Osh in the first half of the 1870s. They are associated with the largest popular movement — the Kokand Uprising and the liquidation of the khanate itself. In a brief official note titled "Regarding the Disturbances in the Kokand Khanate," the Orientalist N. F. Petrovsky noted that the cause of the uprising boiled down to "the cruel, extremely despotic rule of the khanate by its former

28.03.2018, 21:30

Osh

Osh. Tax Oppression

Tax Burdens on the Working Population of the City Taxes were levied on grain crops from the townspeople — kharaj, on melons — tanap, on livestock — zyaket, on trade — also zyaket, taxes were collected from handicraft production, for legal transactions, for inheritance of property, for gathering firewood, etc. It is no wonder that the Russian orientalist A. L. Kun, who collected tax records after the fall of the Kokand Khanate, wrote about the tax burden: “It seemed that only air remained, for

27.03.2018, 14:21

Osh

Osh. Monuments and Manuscripts

Cult Monuments of Osh It is particularly difficult to characterize the culture of the population of Osh during the Kokand period, not only due to the scarcity of sources. The Kokand Khanate was at such a stage of development that there are no grounds to speak of cultural progress: the culture of the preceding Timurid period was much higher. Moreover, very few sources on the history of culture from the Kokand period have survived. We can only affirmatively speak about those architectural and

25.03.2018, 22:27

Osh

Osh. The Madrasah and Its Waqf

Archives of Unknown Documents on the History of Osh Having become a prominent Kokand dignitary, Datka Alay, the hakim of the Andijan province, and finally, for a short time, the chief vizier of the Kokand Khanate, Alymbek continued to regard the Alay pastures almost as his ancestral estate, while the city of Osh became the base for the Kyrgyz nomads. It was in Osh that Alymbek built a madrasah at his own expense, which, according to contemporaries, rivaled the khan's madrasah in Kokand in

23.03.2018, 15:21

Osh

Osh. Economic Activities of the Urban Population

The Transfer of Land Relations Practices from the Kokand Khanate to Southern Kyrgyzstan The majority of Osh's residents were engaged in agriculture, many in transportation and trade, and a significant portion in crafts. The branches of agricultural production remained traditional from the late 18th century until 1875: irrigated farming ("the city is surrounded by fertile land," "the fields are watered by canals," reported Murtaza Faizulin and other informants of G. F.

20.03.2018, 21:30

Osh

Osh. The City and Its Inhabitants

Stories of Individual Traders and Other Russian People about Osh Documentary sources from the time of Kyrgyzstan's dependence on the feudal despotic Kokand Khanate, both Kokand and Russian, contain very few factual and reliable details for describing the city of Osh, as well as other settlements in Eastern Fergana. However, from the sparse accounts of individual traders and other Russian people — "involuntary travelers," like F. Efremov, notes sent to Kokand by representatives

19.03.2018, 20:33

Osh

Osh. Kurbandzhan-Datka

The Emir of Bukhara Appoints Kurbandzhan as Datka — Ruler of Alay After the death of Alymbek, political power and the leadership of the clan were inherited by his widow, Kurbandzhan-datka. In 1862, Khudoyar Khan, with the help of the Bukharan army, once again occupied Kokand and seized the throne. However, the eastern regions of Fergana, the Kyrgyz and Kipchaks, remained the most rebellious. A Bukharan detachment sent by Emir Muzaffar reached Osh and besieged the fortress of Mady. There is a

19.03.2018, 10:49

Osh

Osh. Alimbek-Datka

Alymbek — ruler of Alai. The city of Osh and the village of Kara-Suu were considered by the southern Kyrgyz feudal lords as their own stronghold. Here they owned real estate, and through Osh maintained contact with the Kokand governors and the central authorities of the khanate. The largest feudal lords who left a significant mark in the history of the city were Alymbek-datka and his wife Kurbandzhan, who outlived him by almost half a century. Therefore, we will briefly focus on their

17.03.2018, 01:26

Osh

Osh. Under the Oppression of the Kokand Khanate

In the Struggle Against the Kokand Rulers Starting from the 1760s, the rulers of the Kokand feudal domain (later a khanate), seeking to expand its territory at the expense of southern Kyrgyz lands, turned their greedy eyes towards the city of Osh. Even at that time, Osh played a significant role in the political history of the Kokand Khanate. Narrative sources briefly mention that its ruler was the feudal lord Hadji-biy, considered the head of the large Kyrgyz clan Adygene within the tribe of

15.03.2018, 16:04

Osh

Osh. Against the Dzungar Conquerors

Osh at the End of the 17th — Beginning of the 18th Century In 1638, Abdallah Khan seized supreme power in Moghulistan (with its center in Yarkand) and, in order to strengthen his position in the state, decided to conquer the neighboring mountainous regions of Kyrgyzstan adjacent to Eastern Turkestan. After campaigns to Pamir (in Bolor and Badakhshan), Abdallah Khan directed his troops to raid the city of Osh. The Kyrgyz successfully repelled the invasion twice but were soon forced to surrender

15.03.2018, 14:34

Osh

Osh. "Babur-nama"

A First-Class Source — "Babur-nama". The author of these notes (memoirs), Zahir al-Din Muhammad Babur (1483—1530), was one of the representatives of the Timurid dynasty, who tasted the sweetness of power in Andijan, then the bitterness of exile, and finally became a fortunate conqueror and the founder of the vast Mughal Empire, which included India and Afghanistan. However, it was not for his military exploits and conquests that the Timurid heir was celebrated; UNESCO recognized the

14.03.2018, 22:04

Osh

Osh. In the Composition of Moghulistan

In the early 15th century, Osh is mentioned in eastern chronicles in connection with the campaign of Timur's grandson — Ulugh Beg against the Ferghana ruler Ahmed. Driven out of Ferghana by Ulugh Beg, Emir Ahmed returned with an army obtained from the Mongols and, after Ulugh Beg left with his main forces, defeated the troops he had left behind at Osh. Later mentions of the city can be found in "Tarikh-i Rashidi" — the chronicle of Rashid's history by Mirza Muhammad Haidar,

14.03.2018, 21:15

Osh

Osh. Under the Hooves of the Nomadic Hordes

The Influence of Mongol Rule All the devastating hordes of Genghis Khan's army played their negative role in the life of the Fergana Valley and Eastern ("Kyrgyz") Pre-Fergana. The number of cities and settlements significantly decreased after their invasion in the early 13th century. If Arabic-speaking authors of the 9th to 12th centuries counted 40 Fergana cities (including Osh) and large settlements with congregational mosques, then by the 15th century, sources mention fewer

12.03.2018, 23:30

Osh

Osh. On the Periphery of the Karakhanid Khaganate

By the end of the 9th and in the 10th century, Osh already occupied a prominent place among the cities and large settlements of Eastern Fergana. Contemporaries considered it the third largest city in the Fergana domain of the Samanids — after the capital city of Ahsikent and the large (in size) city of Kuba (now Kuva). Rabad, like in other Fergana cities of the 9th—12th centuries, was the center of trade and craft activity in Osh. Pottery production held a leading position in the urban crafts,

12.03.2018, 23:00

Osh

Osh. Through the Pages of Geographers' Writings

First Mentions of Osh Osh is mentioned as a "city" of Fergana by the first Arab geographer whose works have survived to this day — Abul-Qasim Khordadbeh (820—912/13 AD). In his "Book of Roads and Kingdoms," compiled in 232 AH (846/47), it is reported: from the city of Osh to Uzgen (Uzgend — in medieval authors) is seven farsakhs or one long journey (1 farsakh equals 6—7 km). Following him, another Arab geographer Abu-Bakr Ishaq al-Hamadani (nicknamed Ibn al-Faqih) — the

11.03.2018, 17:14

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Umetalieva Jamal Temirkulovna

Umetalieva Jamal Temirkulovna Art historian. Doctor of Arts. Honored Worker of Culture of the Kyrgyz Republic. Born on March 13, 1933, in the city of Frunze. In 1955, she graduated from the Faculty of History, Department of History and Theory of Art at Lomonosov Moscow State University. From 1956 to 1959, she was a postgraduate student at the Research Institute of Art Industry in Moscow, then worked as a senior researcher in the sector of aesthetics and art studies at the Institute of

11.03.2018, 16:02

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Toktusunova Gulchakhra Iskenderovna

Toktosunova Gulchakhra Iskenderovna Art historian. Honored Worker of Culture of the Kyrgyz Republic. Corresponding member of the National Academy of Arts of the Kyrgyz Republic. Born on September 30, 1947, in the city of Frunze. In 1968, she graduated from the Frunze Art School and in 1973 - from the Art History Department of the Leningrad State Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I.E. Repin.

11.03.2018, 15:57

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Zhanibek Sadygaliev

Sadigaliyev Zhanibek Art historian. Born on December 24, 1936, in the village of Kyzart, Jumgal District, Naryn Region. In 1955, he graduated from the Frunze Art College. From 1955 to 1959, he was a teacher at the Naryn Pedagogical College, and then from 1959 to 1971, he was a teacher at the Przhevalsk Pedagogical Institute.

11.03.2018, 15:51

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Ludmila Alexandrovna Prytkova

Pryt'kova Lyudmila Alexandrovna Art historian. Doctor of Cultural Studies. Corresponding member of the National Academy of Arts of the Kyrgyz Republic, professor. Born on April 24, 1939, in the village of Groznoye, Kirov District. Graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Kyrgyz State University, and in 1971 completed postgraduate studies at the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR, specializing in Marxist-Leninist aesthetics (supervisor:

11.03.2018, 15:42

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Olga Petrovna Popova

Popova Olga Petrovna (1933-2006) Art historian. Honored Worker of Culture of the Kyrgyz Republic. Born on January 2, 1933, in the city of Talas. In 1964, she graduated from the Faculty of History (Department of History and Theory of Art) of Lomonosov Moscow State University. From 1964 to 1969, she worked as the head of creative sections of the Union of Artists of Kyrgyzstan, and since 1969, she served as the chief editor of the artistic-expert board of the Ministry of Culture of the Kyrgyz SSR.

11.03.2018, 15:38

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Aina Asanbekovna Moldokhmatova

Moldokhmatova Aina Asanbekovna Art historian. Born on March 31, 1953, in the city of Frunze, Kyrgyz SSR. In 1975, she graduated from the historical faculty of Moscow State University, specializing in art history. She worked in her field at the Union of Artists of the Kyrgyz Republic. From 1975 to 1982, she was a senior researcher in the graphics department and head of the painting department at the Kyrgyz State Museum of Fine Arts; from 1982 to 1983, she was a lecturer at the S.A. Chuykov

11.03.2018, 15:32

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Tamara Tursunbaevna Kadyrbaeva

Kadyrbaeva Tamara Tursunbaevna Art historian. Born on March 16, 1951, in the village of Yapalak, Karasuu District. In 1972, she graduated from the Frunze Art School and in 1979 from the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I.E. Repin, Faculty of Theory and History of Fine Arts. Since 1974, she worked in the exhibition hall of the Osh branch of the Union of Artists of the Kyrgyz Republic, then taught at the People's University of Culture and at the

09.03.2018, 02:38

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Cholpon Musakeevna Idirisova

Idrisova Cholpon Musakeevna Art historian. Born on November 19, 1960, in the Kant district of Chuy region. In 1984, she graduated from the S.A. Chuykov Kyrgyz State Art College and in 1993 from the I.E. Repin St. Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, Faculty of Theory and History of Fine Arts. From 1994 to 1995, she worked in the Artistic Expeditionary Commission of the Ministry of Culture of the Kyrgyz Republic, and then taught at the S.A. Chuykov Kyrgyz

09.03.2018, 02:34

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Budaychiev Bayyshbek Daki baevich

Budaychiev Bayyshbek Dakiyevich Art historian, candidate of art studies, professor. Honored Worker of Culture of the Kyrgyz Republic. Academician of the National Academy of Arts named after T. Sadykov (2005). Born on August 19, 1944, in the village of Chym-Korgon, Kemin district, Chui region. In 1969, he graduated from the Tashkent Theater and Art Institute named after A.N. Ostrovsky and completed his postgraduate studies at the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture

09.03.2018, 02:30

Artists of Kyrgyzstan

Atkurova Altynai Razbaevna

Attykurova Altynai Razbaevna Art historian. Born on November 23, 1973, in the village of Gulcha, Aksy District, Osh Region. In 1998, she graduated from Osh State University, Department of Art and Graphics. From 2001 to 2003, she was a lecturer at the Kyrgyz State Pedagogical University named after I. Arabaev, and since 2008, she has been an ethnographer at the National Association of Folk Arts and Crafts "Kiyal".

09.03.2018, 02:22