The team of scientists working at the School of Pharmacy and the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering has created a unique bio-inspired compound designed to regenerate damaged or demineralized enamel. This material can not only restore existing enamel but also prevent further development of cavities.
How the gel can restore and strengthen teeth
The gel is easily applied to the teeth, similar to regular fluoride-containing products, but it does not contain fluoride. Its formula is based on proteins that naturally promote enamel formation during childhood.
After application, the gel forms a strong, thin layer that penetrates the tooth structure and fills microcracks. It also serves as a foundation for capturing calcium and phosphate from saliva, which aids in the formation of new enamel through a process known as epitaxial mineralization. This allows the newly created enamel to harmoniously integrate with the existing enamel, restoring its strength and appearance.
Additionally, the material can be applied to exposed dentin, creating a coating similar to enamel, which reduces tooth sensitivity and improves adhesion to restorations such as fillings and veneers.
Enamel problems are one of the main causes of cavities, affecting nearly half of the world's population. Loss of enamel makes teeth more susceptible to infections and cavities, which can lead to tooth loss. These dental issues are also associated with diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.
Since enamel does not have the ability to self-repair, dentistry has long focused on preventive methods and temporary protection. Existing solutions, including fluoride-containing varnishes and remineralization agents, only alleviate symptoms without restoring enamel.
Restoring the natural structure of enamel
Dr. Abshar Hasan, a postdoc and lead author of the study, explained: “Tooth enamel has a unique structure that provides its outstanding protective properties. When our material is applied to demineralized enamel or exposed dentin, there is active formation of crystals in an organized manner, restoring the architecture of healthy enamel. We conducted tests on the mechanical properties of the restored tissues under conditions simulating real life, such as tooth brushing and chewing, and found that the restored enamel behaves like healthy enamel.”
Professor Alvaro Mata, the project leader and head of the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, noted the practical application of the technology: “We are pleased that the development is focused on the real needs of dentists and patients. This gel is safe, easy and quick to apply, and can also be adapted to create various products that will help people of all ages deal with issues related to enamel loss and exposed dentin. We have begun commercialization through our startup company Mintech-Bio and hope to present the first product next year, which could significantly improve dental care worldwide.”
To self-repairing teeth
Thanks to its ability to mimic natural processes of enamel formation and strengthening of teeth without the use of fluoride, the new gel has the potential to revolutionize dentistry. If the technology is successfully commercialized, it will provide a simple, safe, and long-lasting way to restore enamel and prevent cavities, helping people maintain their dental health throughout their lives.
