During the study, 200 million job postings were analyzed, of which 130,000 positions were related to the integration of generative AI in 10,600 companies. A particularly noticeable increase in hiring such specialists occurred in the first quarter of 2023, when ChatGPT 3.5 was introduced. The control group consisted of 274,000 companies that did not hire employees for AI implementation.
The most significant reduction affected routine tasks for graduates, such as debugging code and checking documentation, as these processes are easily automatable. The decrease in jobs occurred mainly due to a slowdown in hiring rates rather than layoffs, while the share of office specialties in employment in the U.S. remained stable.
The analysis showed that the most vulnerable were graduates from mid-tier universities. Researchers classified universities into five categories and found that graduates from institutions with average rankings faced the greatest difficulties in the labor market. Companies continue to attract specialists from top universities for their unique skills, while graduates from less prestigious universities are sought after due to lower costs.
The publication of the study coincided with a slowdown in employment growth in the U.S. In August, only 22,000 jobs were created, significantly lower compared to 158,000 in April, despite stable economic growth. U.S. President Donald Trump questioned the reliability of the statistics and fired the commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Erica McEntarfer, replacing her with candidate E.J. Anthony, who had criticized the agency; however, in early October, his nomination was withdrawn.
