It has been revealed that the document was adopted in June 2023 and has already been signed by 145 countries, with 81 of them having completed the ratification process.
Based on the principles of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, this agreement significantly strengthens the legal mechanisms for the protection of about two-thirds of the world's oceans. In particular, it creates conditions for international and inter-agency cooperation in the exploration of ocean resources.
The implementation of this agreement will contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals related to the ocean, as well as the Kunming-Montreal Global Framework for Biodiversity.
The statement notes that coastal ecosystems are suffering from toxic substances and millions of tons of plastic waste, leading to the death of fish, sea turtles, birds, and mammals, as well as harm to humans through food contamination. In 2021, more than 17 million tons of plastic entered the ocean, accounting for 85% of marine debris, and it is projected that this figure will double or triple annually. If no action is taken, by 2050 the amount of plastic in the sea could exceed the volume of fish.
According to the agreement, responsibility for ocean pollution is placed on violators, and mechanisms for dispute resolution are established. Under its provisions, each party is required to assess the environmental impact of its activities in international waters.
According to scientists, nearly 200,000 species of marine organisms are currently known, but the actual number may be significantly higher.
