A city of representatives of more than 80 nationalities During the years of Soviet power, as mentioned above, the Kyrgyz of the Fergana Valley, Osh, and Jalal-Abad regions achieved significant successes in the development of the economy and culture. This is largely due to all Kyrgyz people: from both the southern and northern regions. All of this was natural; however, some representatives of the intelligentsia began a discussion during this period regarding the relationship between northern
The city of Osh — a multinational city The archaeological research of the city of Osh was conducted by the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic. In particular, B. Amanbaeva — the head of the South Kyrgyz Archaeological Expedition, G. Bragina, and others. However, there are individual scholars who dispute the 3000-year history of the city of Osh. At the international scientific and practical conference dedicated to the 3000th anniversary of the city, T. Chorotegin proposed to cancel the
The City of Osh in the 1880s According to all the aforementioned eyewitness accounts, there was no particularly sharp contrast between the central part of Osh and its outskirts, which is so characteristic of large industrial cities in European Russia, despite the generally low density of construction. However, another contrast was emerging and becoming increasingly apparent, unanimously noted by contemporaries: between the old - "native" - city and its new, "Russian" part
Irrefutable Evidence by Yu. A. Zadneprovsky The focus of the research institutes of the Soviet Union and Kyrgyzstan was the study of archaeological monuments in the Fergana Valley, particularly the city of Osh. One of the initiators of the archaeological research was Professor Yuri Alexandrovich Zadneprovsky. He was born in 1924 in Gatchina, Leningrad Oblast. In 1950, he graduated from the historical faculty of Leningrad State University, and from 1954 he was a candidate of historical
Osh — an exotic city. Here at different times, "travelers, explorers, scientists, journalists, writers, and foreign guests have visited. Here are some of them. In 1924, at the request of the scientific association of Oriental studies, Professor B. P. Denike from Moscow University, chairman of the commission for the study of Eastern arts, visited the Turkestan Republic to examine the monuments of art on site. In his comprehensive work "Architectural Ornament of Central Asia,"
Memories of Masaliev He began his memories of working in the city with its history. In his opinion, Osh is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia. The fate of the city has been such that, despite its long existence, during which 50-60 generations of our compatriots have changed, no notable historical monuments have survived here, except for Sulaiman Mountain and various legends surrounding it, as well as some museum exhibits. However, we know that the Great Silk Road, over 7,000 kilometers
Creation of the Construction Industry Base in Osh Of course, the development of the city of Osh did not go unnoticed by the leaders of the republic. It is important to highlight the significant role of T. Usubaliev — the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan from 1961 to 1985, S. Begaliev — the chairman of the State Planning Committee of the republic for over 20 years, and A. Masaliev — the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
Fisher Yan Efimovich It is worth noting the activities of another leader. We mean Fisher Yan Efimovich, who, after graduating from the Frunze Polytechnic Institute in 1959 (specialty: industrial and civil construction), dedicated many years of his life to the construction industry in Kyrgyzstan. Over 26 years of work, Y. E. Fisher made a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the city of Osh. Under his direct leadership, dozens of industrial and civil facilities,
Sadikbek Ablesov We cannot forget the activities of Sadikbek Ablesov, who served as the chairman of the Osh city executive committee from 1972 to 1979, and from 1979 to 1982 as the first secretary of the Osh city committee of the party. While working as the manager of the Osh auto trust, he was invited to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan, where T. Usubaliev informed him that his candidacy was recommended for the position of chairman of the Osh city council, providing
First Secretaries of the Osh City Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan from 1971 to 1977 From 1971 to 1974, the first secretary of the Osh City Committee of the Party was Tolgarbek Sarbanov. In his memoirs, he notes that during those years, the city’s party organs faced the task of developing and implementing comprehensive measures for the further development of the scientific and technical potential of the city. As mentioned above, Osh concentrated the main production of silk and
Abakirov Emilbek Abakirovich E. A. Abakirov served as the First Secretary of the Osh City Party Committee from 1970 to 1971. Despite the short time in this position, he has fond memories of Osh. Celebrating its glorious anniversary, Osh, this ancient and eternally youthful, beautiful city, occupies a special place in the history, economy, and cultural life of Kyrgyzstan due to its significance and role. Firstly, the city of Osh is one of the most unusual, colorful ancient cities in Central
T. Amanaliev - First Secretary of the City Party Committee of Osh Among all the first secretaries of the city party committee, T. Amanaliev served the longest (1961—1971). During these years, the chairmen of the city council were A. Jumabaev and K. Atashev. All these leaders worked together for the further development and prosperity of the city. Turgunaly Amanaliev's activities began in 1961 with the construction of a cotton processing plant (completed in 1969). The plant was built on the
Leaders of Osh The city of Osh, as the center of the southern region of Kyrgyzstan, has always been in the spotlight of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan and the Council of Ministers, the Osh Regional Party Committee, and the City Executive Committee. Honor and glory to the former and current leaders of the republic, region, and city who made a tremendous contribution to the rise and flourishing of the economy and spiritual culture of Osh. First and foremost, it is
Archives in Osh The archive has always been a repository of the history of the people, the state, and individual personalities. Without an archive, there is no history. That is why an archival service was organized from the very first day of the formation of the city of Osh. The archival department in the city was established in 1940. It concentrated all the documents of the city authorities and regional organizations. The party archive was organized in 1941. Here, 738 primary party and 561
Central and Local Periodical Press in Osh The development of the economy and culture of the city of Osh has been significantly influenced by both the central and local periodical press. On April 12, 1932, the first issue of the newspaper "Kommunist" in Uzbek was published in the city of Osh — the organ of the Kirghiz Regional Committee and the Aravan-Burinsky District Committee of the VKP(b). The newspaper "Kommunist" was the first printed organ published in the Uzbek
Various Unions of the City of Osh The Union of Artists of Osh was established in 1977. The first members of the Union were artists U. Akhunov, I. Akimov, V. Shafeev, I. Toktosunov, A. Kim, Yu. Seleznev, A. Nafikov, and others. The first chairman of the Union of Artists was Aman Asrankulov, who led it for over 30 years, and all the activities of the Union were associated with his name. Art historian Tamara Kadyrbaeva, a graduate of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts in 1979, thoroughly
Museum-Reserve The museum-reserve was established in 1949 with the creation of the Osh Regional Local History Museum. The museum was opened to visitors on February 1, 1951. The exhibition area was 65 sq. m, with a collection of 268 exhibits. Significant assistance in forming the collections was provided by scientific expeditions and archaeological excavations conducted jointly with the Fergana Regional Local History Museum and the Leningrad branch of the Institute of Archaeology of the USSR
Libraries of Osh Before the revolution, there was one private library in the city of Osh, which had 100 books. During the Soviet period, the network of libraries grew rapidly. The Toktogul Regional Library was opened in 1949 based on the city library. Serving about 20,000 residents, the library had a collection of 1,244,000 items as of January 1, 1997 (including 935,204 patents — descriptions of inventions). The library has 9 departments — book collection, book processing, storage,
Development of Communication The post office in Osh was established in 1956 based on the Osh city communication hub. The post office covers 24 city post offices and has a fleet of 38 vehicles. Daily, 29 cars and 4 route buses were used for mail transportation. On average, 44,300 pieces of written correspondence, 1,000 parcels, and 740 money transfers were processed daily, and 178,000 copies of periodicals were delivered. The post office employed 403 people, four of whom were awarded orders and
Radio and Television The city of Osh was radio-equipped in 1931. By 1936, the length of the city’s radio broadcasting network was about 10 km. Four transmission lines were built towards the new city. The total number of radio points was 1500. The first radio broadcast prepared by the "Osh" radio station aired on January 20, 1968. Until 1969, the Osh city radio hub operated on one program, later expanding to three programs. In 1984, the number of radio points reached 21,895. The
Uzbek Musical and Dramatic Theater The city has notable achievements in the field of theatrical art. The Uzbek Musical and Dramatic Theater was established in 1929 based on a troupe of an amateur dramatic collective. In 1934, the theater toured Tashkent and Leningrad, where more than 70 actors were accepted by S. M. Kirov. Since 1937, the theater has been named after S. M. Kirov. The theater participated in the first (1939) and second (1958) decades of Kyrgyz art and literature in Moscow. The
Care for the Health of Osh Residents Founded in 1931. It was located in adobe buildings and combined adult and pediatric departments - (therapeutic, surgical, gynecological), and an operating room. Until 1946, the chief physician of the hospital was Efremov, then until 1951 - Kasymov, and from 1961 to 1964 - Vdovichenko. From 1964, for 30 years, the chief physician of the hospital was Vitaly Prokopyevich Sergeev. During this period, new hospital buildings were constructed, and departments were
Healthcare in Osh Great attention was paid to the development of healthcare in Osh. Before the October Revolution, the residents of the city were deprived of medical assistance. In 1898, there were two small hospitals in the city, served by a doctor, a paramedic, and a midwife. There was one doctor for every 70,000 people. As a result of the lack of medical assistance, the population suffered from trachoma, malaria, and other diseases. During the years of Soviet power, a hospital was built
Higher Educational Institutions of Osh During the tenure of Director A. Myrzabekov, two new departments were established: jurisprudence and ecology. The higher college was entrusted with the management of kindergarten No. 46 and the Bokonbaev Gymnasium School, and the Suluktu branch of the technical school was operational. In the 1996-1997 academic year, the higher pedagogical college had two faculties and departments with a total of 1,351 students, and 154 teachers were involved in their
Technical Schools of Osh The city is home to a number of specialized secondary educational institutions. One of the first in Osh was the state farm technical school, established in 1932, which was renamed the agricultural technical school in 1977. The technical school trains specialists in the fields of agricultural mechanization, hydraulic engineering, agronomy, and plant protection. The technical school has about 16,000 hectares of land, a workshop with 6 shops, a training ground, a library
Primary Education in the City of Osh The city of Osh is not only a hub of industry but also a center of science, culture, and enlightenment. In the old days, there was only one Russian school in the city, where 2 teachers taught 65 students. In the lower city, there was a Russian-native school that only local bai and officials' children attended. During the Soviet era, the situation with public education changed dramatically. On May 20, 1918, a department of public education was
Fedor Romanovich Semernin Allow us to say a few words about another remarkable person. Fedor Romanovich Semernin has been studying the history of the city of Osh for over 40 years. During this time, he has accumulated no less than two thousand archival and historical materials about the workers of Osh who contributed to the establishment and development of the city. Thanks to his efforts, more than 1,400 units of historical materials have been transferred to the Osh State Regional Archive for
Head of the Elders in the Neighborhood When it comes to the establishment of the city of Osh as a cultural and industrial center of southern Kyrgyzstan, it is essential to mention the native Osh resident who dedicated over 65 years of his life to the prosperity of his hometown — pensioner Ganiжан Давыдов. Ganiжан Давыдов, born in 1913, is an agricultural worker by education. Back in 1930, under his leadership, 665 individual farmers united to form a collective farm. As the secretary of the
People of Osh Who Earned Respect In the city of Osh, there have been a number of honorary and respected individuals over time. The residents of the city speak of them with great warmth and remember them with deep gratitude. Here they are. Among the long-time residents of the city is Djura Zainabitdinov. He was the first Komsomol member, secretary of the primary Komsomol organization, a teacher at the first Uzbek folk school, later a party worker, and currently heads the neighborhood committee.
The Green Southern City The streets of the old city of Osh developed spontaneously. The construction was carried out without preliminary projects; the streets often ended in dead ends, were narrow, winding, with high adobe walls. Currently, the city has 593 streets, of which 308 have concrete surfaces and 161 are unpaved. The city has the microdistrict "Five-Year Plan" (1990-1994) with 50 streets, in the "Kalinin" area (1990-1994) — 80 streets, in the microdistrict
Development of Osh Every city grows and becomes more beautiful thanks to the care of its people for the improvement of their home. This is also happening in Osh. Special attention has been paid to the external appearance of the city. After all, the city of Osh originated as a settlement on a busy trade route. In the IX-X centuries, Osh was a typical fortress of that time—a citadel around which a shahristan was located. In the 17th to 19th centuries, Osh was a typical Central Asian city with
Osh during the Great Patriotic War. As everywhere, people lived and worked under the slogan "Everything for the front, everything for victory." During these years, a motor repair plant, a hydroelectric power station of the silk factory, a cotton processing plant, a canning factory, and other enterprises were put into operation. The gross industrial output during the war increased by more than one and a half times compared to 1940. The workers of the city, like the peoples of the
City Trade Organization of Osh One of the important issues is ensuring the needs of the city's residents for food and industrial goods. The city trade organization of Osh was separated from the city mixed trade organization in 1963. In 1986, the trade organization included 83 stores, 44 stalls and kiosks, 6 warehouses, and 56 specialized shops: household goods — 11, haberdashery, knitwear, perfumery — 19, clothing — 4, footwear — 2, cultural goods — 4, and others. Stores operate selling
Development of Industry in the City of Osh. During the Great Patriotic War, hydroelectric power plants, a meat processing plant, and a liquor factory were put into operation in the city of Osh. In the post-war years — a period of industrial development for the city — repair shops, electrical-mechanical, foundry-mechanical plants, a garment and shoe factory, and other enterprises were built. In the 1960s to the 1990s, the city of Osh became a major economic center, which allowed the city's
Osh Cotton Production Association The directive of the XXI Congress of the CPSU (1959) reflected the construction of the Osh Cotton Mill, designed to produce 81 million meters of finished fabrics. This was a large enterprise not only in Central Asia but also in the Union. It is undoubtedly a pride of the peoples of Kyrgyzstan. The construction of the cotton production association began in July 1961. The design capacity of the mill was 243.5 thousand spinning spindles and 4,144 weaving looms.
Osh City Pump Plant Among the enterprises of the metalworking industry, the leading one is the pump plant. This enterprise was established in 1939 as the cooperative "Metallist." In 1946-1947, the cooperative was transformed into a foundry-mechanical enterprise, which in 1959, according to the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Kyrgyz SSR (October 26, 1959), was merged with the motor repair plant into an electromechanical plant for the production of water pumps. The first
The Grenaž Plant of the City of Osh The leaders of the republic, region, and city focused primarily on the creation and development of industry as the basis of the entire economy of Osh. The Osh Silk Factory — the oldest enterprise of the light industry of Kyrgyzstan — was founded in 1925. The Osh Grenaž plant is one of the pioneers of the republic's industrialization. The Grenaž plant in the city of Osh was built in 1927 in connection with the development of sericulture in the
Kyrgyz militia unit fighting against the Basmachis Photo: 1920 The Young Soviet Power in the Struggle Against Basmachism After the October Revolution, in January 1918, the leadership of the Osh Soviet was completely taken over by the Bolsheviks. In the spring of 1918, Soviet construction began throughout southern Kyrgyzstan. In the course of the struggle to establish and strengthen Soviet power in Kyrgyzstan, as everywhere, Red Guard units were created. In early 1918, a Red Guard unit
Osh Before the Revolution In Kyrgyzstan, the largest market was the Osh market. Its turnover increased every year. In 1883, the trade turnover of Osh amounted to 2,752 rubles, and by 1904 it had risen to 4,500 rubles. At the same time, the number of trading establishments in Osh also grew: in 1908 there were 1,035 trading establishments, and in 1914 there were 1,300. In the late 1870s, road construction works were carried out in southern Kyrgyzstan: clearing pack animal mountain trails,
The Role of Osh in Other Regions of Central Asia Positive changes occurred not only in daily life but also in people's consciousness. Russian and other merchants began to bring goods here that the local population had not seen before. The construction of roads and bridges began. Pack transport was replaced by wheeled transport. Postal services and telegraphs appeared, as did secular schools... The influx of non-native populations, craftsmen, and intelligentsia into the city increased. It
The city of Osh - the center of the southern outskirts of Tsarist Russia As a result of the persistent struggle of the people, the Kokand Khanate was liquidated in February 1876, completing the annexation of Kyrgyzstan to Russia. Thus, the city of Osh entered a new period in its life. The annexation of Southern Kyrgyzstan to Russia was a progressive act in the development of the economy of Osh and its surroundings. On February 19, 1876, a treaty was concluded in Osh between the Alai queen
The Incorporation of Kyrgyz into Russia after the Uprising of the Population of Southern Kyrgyzstan During the rule of the Kokand Khanate, the akim of the city was the son of Alymbek, Jarkynban. After his death, his brother Abdyldabek became the akim. He was born in 1832, a year after the marriage of Alymbekhan and Kurmanjan datka; however, there are other facts suggesting that Abdyldabek was born not in 1832 but in 1835. When Alymbek ruled Andijan as well, he educated his son Abdyldabek in
Osh in the Book "Baburnama" In ancient times, the territory of Osh and the areas to its south were inhabited by the Saka tribal clan of herders known as "Ush," which is also associated with the name of the city Osh. This is mentioned in Chinese sources and in the work of Sultan Babur, the famous Uzbek poet and historian, who left behind the fascinating book "Baburnama." Composed of three parts — Fergana, Kabul, Hindustan — "Baburnama" records events from
Legends about the Origin of the City of Osh There are two cities on earth with the same name — Osh. They historically emerged at the same time and are located in roughly the same natural conditions. The territories of these cities are almost equal. However, their fates are different. One city, Osh, is located in the French province of Gascony, while the other Osh is situated in southern Kyrgyzstan. Correspondents from the newspaper "Izvestia," Volodin L. and Makarov A., wrote about
More than one billion soms allocated for the celebration A working group of tourism and sports specialists, according to the project "Osh-3000 — The Great Silk Road," has identified specific tourist routes, and reconstruction of bases and alpine camps is planned. A photo album, brochures, and a calendar are being prepared for publication. The reconstruction of the Central Market is included in the plan of the city's Architecture Department and the market's management in
“Osh-3000” In order to implement the Decree of President Askar Akayev, a National Organizational Committee for the celebration of the 3000th anniversary of the city of Osh was established, headed by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan J. Ibraimov, with A. Muraliyev as the deputy chairman of the committee, who is also the chairman of the regional commission. A “General Directorate” was created in Bishkek, led by General Director S. Mamytov, and in Osh by K. Azimov. A public fund
3000th Anniversary of the City of Osh The book presented to readers by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Toktogonov Sultan Amankulovich is dedicated to the 3000th anniversary of the city of Osh. The author, being an honorary citizen of Osh, having worked at the Osh Pedagogical Institute and then at the university for a quarter of a century, with full knowledge of the subject, relying on a wealth of factual material, highlights the main stages of the formation and development of this
