Research conducted by scientists from Laval University has revealed that physical activity and comfortable living conditions can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing depression, thereby protecting the brain. These findings were published in the journal Nature Communications (NC), as reported by Lenta.ru.
In the course of the experiments, the scientists found that prolonged stress leads to a weakening of the blood-brain barrier, which serves as a protection for the brain, preventing inflammatory molecules from entering from the blood. Mice subjected to stress showed a decrease in the level of the protein claudin-5, which is responsible for the connection between barrier cells, leading to manifestations of anxiety and depression. However, the subjects that regularly engaged in physical activity or were in an enriched environment with games and shelters did not exhibit such behavioral problems.
The protein Fgf2 proved to be key in providing the protective effect. In mice that exhibited physical activity or lived in a stimulating environment, its level increased, making them more resilient to stressful situations. An increase in Fgf2 production in laboratory conditions helped the animals cope with stress more easily and maintain social interaction, while a decrease in this protein level nearly negated the positive effects of physical activity.
Furthermore, the researchers discovered that the level of Fgf2 can be measured in the blood, and its concentration in humans increases with the severity of depression. This finding makes the protein a potential biomarker for mental disorders, which is a rare achievement for psychiatry. The scientists believe that their work not only demonstrates the benefits of physical activity and a favorable environment for mental health but also opens new horizons for early diagnosis and prevention of depression.
It has previously been shown that regular physical exercise can reduce the risk of premature death.
