While public attention is focused on generative models that create text, images, and code, much more significant changes are occurring in the field of autonomous AI agents capable of independently planning tasks, making decisions, and coordinating actions with minimal human involvement.
These systems are already actively used in areas such as healthcare, logistics, finance, and public administration, integrating into workflows and interacting with each other. However, as AI autonomy increases, human oversight becomes increasingly important, which must be carefully considered, according to the authors of the report.
Applications of AI
The report emphasizes that AI is already showing notable results across key industries.- In education, adaptive systems personalize learning materials for individual students, while in regions with a shortage of teachers, digital solutions expand access to quality education.
- In medicine, AI aids in the early detection of diseases, improves diagnostic accuracy, and accelerates the drug development process, while virtual assistants enhance access to healthcare services in remote areas.
- In the field of ecology and climate, AI monitors environmental changes, optimizes energy systems, and warns of extreme weather conditions, facilitating countries' adaptation to climate risks.
- In urban management, AI helps optimize transportation systems, respond promptly to emergencies, and effectively model infrastructure solutions.
- In agriculture, precision technologies allow for more rational resource use and help farmers cope with climate change and market instability.
Increasing Risks
However, with new opportunities also come risks. According to estimates by the World Economic Forum, by 2030, changes may affect around 91 million jobs, while 170 million new ones will emerge, resulting in a net gain of 79 million.The environmental consequences are becoming increasingly evident: in 2024, data centers consumed approximately 1.5% of global electricity production, and this figure could double by 2030. A large data center can consume as much energy as 100,000 households, making infrastructure sustainability critically important.
Digital Sovereignty
Governments around the world are striving for digital sovereignty by investing in their computing power and technological components. New initiatives view AI as a strategic resource, comparable in importance to energy systems, and decisions regarding its development are becoming a matter of public policy.The authors of the report emphasize: AI does not provide automatic benefits. Its impact on society depends on how equitably access to technologies is distributed and how responsibly they are used. To prevent fragmentation and inequality, closer coordination among government entities, businesses, the scientific community, and civil organizations is necessary.
Photo on the main page is illustrative: © Unsplash/A. Geranrekab.
