The slowdown in progress in reducing child mortality raises serious concerns, despite the fact that many causes of these deaths are preventable.
According to UN data, in 2024, 4.9 million children did not live to see their fifth birthday, of which 2.3 million were newborns. Most of these cases could have been prevented through accessible and proven measures.
This information is presented in the report "Levels and Trends in Child Mortality," prepared by the UN. The study shows that while the mortality rate among children under five has more than halved since 2000, the pace of this progress has slowed by more than 60% since 2015.
One of the main causes remains malnutrition, which has led to the deaths of over 100,000 children aged one month to five years from severe acute malnutrition. The highest rates have been recorded in Pakistan, Somalia, and Sudan. Experts believe that the actual figures may be even higher, as malnutrition weakens the immune system and increases the likelihood of other diseases.
"No child should die from preventable diseases. However, we are witnessing a troubling slowdown in progress," noted Catherine Russell, Executive Director of UNICEF. She also pointed out that the situation is worsening against the backdrop of reduced international funding.
Disparities in mortality rates between regions remain significant. In 2024, 58% of deaths among children under five occurred in sub-Saharan African countries, and 25% in South Asia. Children living in conflict zones are particularly vulnerable: they are almost three times more likely to not reach the age of five.
In 2024, there were also 2.1 million deaths among people aged 5 to 24. The causes of mortality vary by age: for young children, it is mainly diseases, while among adolescents, injuries and mental disorders play a significant role. For girls aged 15-19, the leading cause of death is suicide, while for boys, it is road traffic accidents.
The UN is raising alarms about the reduction in international aid, which negatively affects maternal and child health programs.
Li Junhua, UN Under-Secretary-General, characterized the current situation as a "harsh reminder" that many countries are falling behind in achieving their sustainable development goals.
Experts emphasize that effective solutions are known. Vaccination, nutrition improvement programs, and skilled birth assistance can save millions of lives. However, sustainable investments and political will are needed to ensure that every child can receive the necessary help.
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