According to a new UNICEF report, about 30% of children aged 1 to 14 in the region are subjected to corporal punishment by parents or guardians. Psychological aggression affects between 36% and 69% of children in 15 countries for which data is available. Often, these methods of violent "discipline" are used simultaneously.
"As of 2025, 39 countries in Europe and Central Asia have bans on corporal punishment in any form. However, even with existing laws and a growing understanding of the negative consequences, violent parenting methods remain widespread and are perceived as 'normal.' Interestingly, over 90% of parents believe that physical punishment and psychological aggression are unnecessary, yet many continue to apply them," the report notes.
Changes in the Risk of Physical Punishment with Age
In the countries that provided data, the level of physical punishment increases in early childhood, peaking at ages three to four. After that, there is a decline, and among children aged 10-14, such cases are significantly less frequent.The use of violent discipline at this age can negatively affect a child's sense of safety, brain development, and learning, as well as increase the likelihood of emotional and behavioral problems.
Factors Contributing to Risk
Research shows that in countries with available data, boys are more likely to be victims of physical punishment than girls. The difference in cases of psychological aggression is less pronounced, but boys still suffer slightly more often. This indicates the influence of gender stereotypes, which lead to boys being perceived as needing stricter control.It is also worth noting that children with disabilities are subjected to physical punishment more often than their peers without disabilities, highlighting the importance of implementing inclusive protective measures.
Creating a Safe Childhood for All Children
The organization emphasizes that violent discipline has long-term negative emotional and psychological consequences.At the same time, most parents do not intend to cause harm – it is often a result of stress, adverse social norms, and a lack of support.
This means that violence can be prevented."Clear laws, resources for their implementation, effective monitoring, and, most importantly, prevention are necessary. Work with parents, teachers, and specialists should focus on implementing non-violent parenting methods," UNICEF concludes.
Illustration on the main page: life.ru.
