As part of the "Тарых инсаны" ("Personality in History") section, we will tell you about Sharsheanalı Abaev, who actively participated in strengthening Soviet power in Kyrgyz lands since 1918. Sharsheanalı Abaev is a well-known statesman whose name is listed in encyclopedias, and his portrait can be seen in the historical museum of the Kochkor district.
Sharsheanalı was born in 1896 in the Ukok [Үкөк] area of Kochkor. From the age of 12, starting in 1908 and until 1917, he worked for wealthy landowners.
Over the years, Sharsheanalı held various positions in Soviet and economic structures in several regions of Kyrgyzstan.
Our correspondent from Turmush has gathered interesting historical facts about Sharsheanalı.
The national liberation uprising of 1916 [Urukun] was a key event in the history of the Kyrgyz people, led by such leaders as Borukchu – Tezekbay Tulku uulu, Japay – Koktash uulu, Nadyrbek – Kobogon Shygai uulu, and others. They organized a detachment and attacked the village of Stolypin (modern Kochkor).
However, the Imperial Russian army was significantly more powerful, and the rebels could not withstand it, being forced to retreat to China. At this time, 12-year-old Sharsheanalı, along with other refugees, moved to China, where he faced the harshest living conditions, witnessing hungry people selling their children for food.
After the overthrow of the tsar in 1917 and the establishment of the Provisional Government led by Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky, the Kyrgyz began to return to their homeland. Sharsheanalı also returned home with his relatives.
On the way back, the head of the "uchuke" tribe, Kobogon Shygai uulu, passed away, and he was buried in the Jalak-Bel area.
During the rule of the Provisional Government, commissioners were appointed in Naryn, such as Kazy – the son of Choko manap, and translators Kylzhyr Esenaman uulu and Akmat Kudaybergen uulu in Jumgal. They controlled the distribution of food for those returning from China. Sharsheanalı and others who returned to Kochkor had no means of subsistence, and the lack of work forced them to labor for others.
Historical documents indicate that, unable to find work in Kochkor, Sharsheanalı, along with his brothers Beyshanalı and Kasımaly, moved to Tokmok, where they also faced a lack of work and hunger.
In 1918, leaders of the 1916 uprising, Japay Koktash uulu and Tezekbay Tulku uulu, were arrested in Tokmok and executed in the Shor-Dobo area. Sagin Niyazbek uulu, who returned from China, died of illness.
Hearing in the market that Soviet power had been established in Kyrgyzstan, Sharsheanalı learned that many young people were joining the Red Guard. His brothers, Beyshanalı and Kasımaly, enlisted in the ranks of the Red Army, and Sharsheanalı, seeing them off, returned to his native lands. Later, the brothers died in battles with the White Guards in the Abakum Kopal district.
In March 1918, Soviet power was established in the Naryn district. Despite this, the confrontation between the old and new governments continued. Representatives of the new government held a meeting in Kochkor, which Sharsheanalı attended. He was elected chairman of the Uchuke volost revolutionary committee, and Ybyray Konoев was elected chairman of the Kosh-Dobo volost revolutionary committee.
That same year, Sharsheanalı joined the Communist Party and actively contributed to strengthening Soviet power. His first task was to assist the starving population that had returned from China. He collected food from the wealthy and distributed it among the poor, as there were few farmers in the Kochkor valley.
At the Naryn district revolutionary committee conference in 1918, Sharsheanalı was elected a member of the revolutionary committee, and it was decided to send grain for the fleeing Kyrgyz. This task was assigned to the wealthy, who began hiring the poor to carry out this work, allowing them to earn a little for their sustenance.
In May 1919, Communist Party cells began to form in Kochkor. Esenalı Kyrbashев was elected secretary of the first branch in Joon-Aryk, and cells were also established in other areas under the leadership of Sharsheanalı.
That same year, a party conference took place in Naryn, where delegates divided into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. More than 100 delegates represented the Bolsheviks, and a district party commission was formed, which included Sharsheanalı.
Among the new party members were also former wealthy individuals, such as Atakan Shygaev and others.
In 1920, military commissioner of the Jetisui region Bagauddin Shegabutdinov and commander of the international battalion Magazy Lebuzovich Masanchin arrived in Kochkor to warn Sharsheanalı of possible threats from kulaks and Russian-Kazakhs.
In November 1920, an uprising began in At-Bashy, led by Bondarev-Zemsky and Kiryanoв. They captured Naryn, arresting many party workers and executing some of them.
Under the leadership of Bondarev-Zemsky, a new authority was established, which appointed its supporters to positions. Sharsheanalı, as the head of the Uchuke volost, informed the population of the distrust towards the new government.
The rebels headed for Tokmok and Pishpek but were blocked by the troops of the Turkmen regiment in the Sary-Chat area of Kochkor. As a result of a fierce clash known as the "Möndürüp's Uruşu" [“Möndurov's Uprising”], the rebels were defeated.
Sharsheanalı Abaev, along with others, pursued the remaining rebels and captured one of their leaders — Kiryanoв, disguised in peasant clothing. He also provided the Turkmen troops with necessary supplies and food.
By the end of November 1920, Soviet power was established in the Naryn district, and the participants of the uprising were eliminated.
At the party conference in the Naryn district on January 11, 1921, Sharsheanalı was elected a delegate to the Turkestan regional party conference. In March of the same year, a troika was established to carry out land reform.
In Kochkor, the chairman of the volost peasant committee became Tynybai, who began seizing lands from wealthy peasants and distributing them to the poor. This led to conflicts between the wealthy and local activists.
Sharsheanalı Abaev held important positions in Kochkor from 1918 to 1924, including chairman of the Volrevkom and secretary of the party cell. From 1924 to 1930, he continued his career in administrative positions, such as chief of police and judge of the people's court, and then headed the land management in Naryn and Chui regions.
From 1931 to 1934, Sharsheanalı worked in the organizational department of the BAC (Bureau of Administrative Control) of the Kyrgyz ASSR, and then held various positions in Kyrgyzstan. In 1958, having become a pensioner, he settled in the village of Boroldoy, engaging in gardening.
Sharsheanalı Abaev passed away in 1972 in the village of Boroldoy in the Kemin district of the Chui region.
