// Constitution
The reform includes a practically new edition of the Fundamental Law, covering changes in 77 articles, which constitutes about 84% of the text of the current Constitution.
Comprehensive approach to modernization
The presented draft Constitution is perceived not just as separate amendments, but as a holistic modernization of the entire state structure. The main goal is to complete the transition from state formation to the stage of mature institutional development, where the main factors become legal certainty, balance of powers, and systemic accountability.
The document defines not only the foundations of sovereignty but also the mechanisms for its implementation with clearly outlined powers and procedures.
Changes in the political system
The main innovations include:
- transition to a unicameral parliament
- strengthening the role of the Kurultai in the power system
- creation of a new body — Kazakhstan People's Council, endowed with the right of legislative initiative
- introduction of the position of vice president
These measures aim to improve governance and increase citizen involvement in political life.
Checks and balances
Although the presidential form of government remains, the new Constitution strengthens the system of checks and balances.
The appointment of judges of the Constitutional Court, members of the Central Election Commission, and the Supreme Audit Chamber will occur with the consent of the Kurultai, creating a system of joint responsibility and reducing the risks of power concentration.
Strengthening the Constitutional Court
The Constitutional Court is established as an independent body ensuring the rule of law. Its decisions will be final, and norms recognized as unconstitutional will lose their force. Citizens will have the right to directly appeal to the court to protect their rights.
Human rights and digitalization
The draft Constitution adapts the system of rights and freedoms to modern realities:
- enhanced protection of personal data and digital communications
- principle of non-deterioration of citizens' rights
- expansion of procedural guarantees during detention
This brings the country's legal system closer to international standards.
Ideological and legal changes
The new Constitution enshrines:
- marriage as a union of a man and a woman
- priority of national legislation over international
- preservation of the status of the Russian language as official alongside Kazakh
These provisions emphasize the course towards strengthening legal sovereignty and national identity.
Responsibility and continuity of power
The document introduces restrictions on reappointments to high positions and establishes transparent procedures for the resignation of the president and clear election timelines.
The introduction of the vice presidency contributes to stability and governance during transitional periods.
Economic and environmental development
The Constitution includes:
- special legal regimes for regional development
- creation of a favorable investment environment
- enshrinement of environmental responsibility and principles of sustainable development
These provisions reflect the integration of economic and environmental tasks into the Fundamental Law.
Citizen participation in the referendum
Changes to the Constitution can only be adopted through a nationwide referendum, which enhances democratic legitimacy. Citizens will also be able to participate through the new People's Council, which will consist of no less than 130 representatives of society.
Key dates
- February 11, 2026 — presentation of the draft to the president
- March 15, 2026 — referendum day
- July 1, 2026 — possible entry into force of the Constitution
Transitional provisions aim to prevent legal gaps and ensure system stability.
Conclusion
The draft of the new Constitution of Kazakhstan creates a foundation for a more structured, balanced, and sustainable state. It combines institutional reforms, improvement of legal mechanisms, and expansion of citizen involvement, reflecting the country's aspiration for modernization and long-term stability.
