Characteristics of the city of Frunze. Document No. 96 (May 1935)

POLITICAL-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CITY OF FRUNZE WITHIN THE BORDERS ESTABLISHED IN 1934, I.E. INCLUDING FIVE SUBURBAN VILLAGE COUNCILS

(Compiled by the Frunze City Council and approved by the Frunze City Committee of the VKP(b)).

Frunze, May 16, 1935.

1. GENERAL PART

The city of Frunze was founded in 1878 and is located at an altitude of 750 meters above sea level. The average annual air temperature is 9.8 °C (maximum 40.5°, minimum 3.8 °C).

The city is situated in a valley between the Kyrgyz (formerly Alexandrovsky) ridge and the Chu Ili mountains, which are a continuation of the Zailiysky Alatau ridge (Tian Shan system).

The average diameter of the urban land mass (including the attached village councils) is up to 8 kilometers from east to west and 25-30 kilometers from south to north.

The distance from the city to the foothills of the Kyrgyz ridge is 9 kilometers, and to the Chu Ili mountains is 42 kilometers.

The terrain where the city of Frunze is located has a slope from south to north towards the lowest level of the valley, where the Chu River flows, 18 kilometers from the city.

The Alamidin River flows through the city from the east, while the Ala-Archa River flows through the western part of the city. Both rivers originate from the glaciers of the Kyrgyz ridge, flowing from south to north and merging into the Chu River.

These rivers are distinctly mountainous, turbulent, and during flood periods (July-August), they overflow widely and partially cut off access to the city.

The territory of urban land amounts to:
a) Directly urban areas - 7607 hectares.
Of which residential - 1722 hectares.
b) Sown area in the village councils - 5218 hectares.
The total population, including village councils - 89365.
Population density: 45 people per 1 hectare of residential area in the city.

A. LOCAL MILITARY ADMINISTRATION BODIES

The city's service along the line of the OMVU is provided by the Military Commissariat of the Kyrgyz ASSR, the Military Inspectorate at the City Council, and military registration offices at some (large) enterprises (institutions) in the city.

The location of military registration offices is as follows:
1. At the City Council - Serves the entire city.
2. At Kyrgyzstorg - Serves the urban systems of cooperation and state trade.
3. At Intergelpo - Serves Intergelpo, Mill No. 15, Rice Plant, TPP No. 1, and Brewery.
4. At the Meat Processing Plant - Serves the Meat Processing Plant.
5. At Kyrpromsoyuz - Serves the entire city system of cooperative industry.
6. At Chusnabe - Serves the city enterprises of Chuy Construction, Novolubtrust, and Mechplant.

B. POPULATION OF THE CITY

The population of the city as of January 1, 1935, is characterized by the following indicators:

a) By social composition:
workers and employees - 27548
students of higher education institutions and technical schools - 1583
deprived - 2552
dependents - 50667
Total: - 82350

b) By nationality:
Kyrgyz - 8.2%
Russians - 61.0%
Ukrainians - 13.0%
Uzbeks - 4.0%
Tatars - 1.9%
Others - 11.9%
Literacy among the urban population is estimated at 92%.
Literacy among the rural population is estimated at 80%.

C. RELIGION

The main religion in the city and village councils is considered to be Christianity and Islam, but there are also a number of sects, with Baptists and Pentecostals playing a leading role.

D. MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE ECONOMY

1. The city of Frunze, by its position, is an administrative-industrial, scientific, trade, and cultural center of the Republic.

2. The suburban village councils mainly have grain and vegetable farming, serving as suppliers of agricultural products for the city.

1. INDUSTRY

All industrial enterprises in the city mainly operate on local raw materials and can be said to be almost independent of raw material markets from other regions of the Union.

The largest enterprises are:

2. AGRICULTURE

The city of Frunze, being the administrative and economic center of the Republic, is connected to the native village councils, which are characterized by the following information:

a) Administrative division:

B. COLLECTIVIZATION

As of January 1, 1935, there are 24 collective farms in the district (of which 19 are agricultural cooperatives and 5 TOZs). They have 1110 households.

The percentage of collectivization this year is 7198 (calculated against the population engaged in agriculture, excluding workers, employees, and temporary residents).

The percentage of collectivization last year was 60.2.

The largest collective farms are as follows:
1. Lenin Collective Farm - village of Moddovanovka, Moldovanovsky village council.
-//- Isakeeva - village of Ch/Kazaki of the same village council.
-//- Serp and Koleso - village of Privokzalo-Voznesensky of the same village council.
2. -//- Sacco and Vanzetti - village of Moldovanovka of the same village council.

C. SOWN AREA

In the collective-farming sector for 1935 (numerator collective farms, denominator individual farmers):
1. The total sown area - 3673/774.
2. Of this amount:
Cereal crops - 3144/653
Technical crops 140/ -
Oilseeds 140/ -
Covering alfalfa 100/ -

D. LIVESTOCK: (based on the livestock inventory material, in the collective-farming sector, numerator collective farms, denominator individual farmers).

Horses (only working) - 578/272 - individual farmers in the city 500 and enterprises 1316, totaling 2666.
Camels - 12 - + enterprises 55-674
Donkeys - 10/ -
Cattle 897/631 + city - 1343 - collective farmers 746, enterprises 773 - 4393.
Sheep, goats - 4664 - collective farmers 440,0, enterprises - 1735 = 6839
Pigs - 312/378 - collective farmers - 383, enterprises - 1663 = 2736

E. FOOD AND FODDER RESOURCES (results of the past economic year)

1. For grain crops:
Total harvest volume 41863 centners.
Plan for expired procurement 10568.7 centners.
Percentage of plan execution as of January 1, 100%,
Estimated commodity surplus 3941 centners.
2. For fodder:
Plan for haymaking - hay 1669 ha, alfalfa 378.5 ha
% of plan execution as of January 1, 1935 for hay 94.1, alfalfa 158.2.
Actually harvested hay 20000 centners.
Actually harvested alfalfa 7570 centners.
3. For meat:
Plan for meat procurement 801.75 centners.
% of plan execution as of February 1, 1935 86.49,

F. TRADE

In total, there are 179 state and cooperative trading points in the city and the attached village councils.

Of them:
a) Department stores - 12
Specialized trade - 88
Food trade - 10
Bread - 50
Industrial and mixed - 19
b) Closed trade outlets - 35
Open trade outlets - 144

4. TRANSPORT

Due to the fact that the city of Frunze is an administrative-industrial and trade center, it has a significant number of draft animals, which, according to the latest re-registration materials (December 1934), are distributed as follows: (only the city)

G. COMMUNICATION

1. The city of Frunze has a Central Postal and Telegraph Office, 2 postal and telegraph departments (1. On Soviet Street at the corner of Frunzensky; 2. On Grazhdanskaya, corner of Shevchenko, and 8 postal agencies at village councils, Intergelpo, Mechplant, and the Workers' Town).

2. In addition to the telegraph, there is a broadcasting 1 kilowatt radio station with a radio node for 1800 active local transmission points, and a radio center for communication with the regions of the Republic with a capacity of 57 kilowatts.

3. Internal city communication is provided by a local telephone station with a capacity of 400; moreover, it is planned to install an additional switchboard for 100 numbers in the first quarter of 1935.
There are two substations - one in the Workers' Town and the other in the NKVD.

4. All village councils in the city are connected by a telephone network.

Thus, it should be considered that if the city is insufficiently provided with communication with other regions, it still has the ability to quickly and timely notify the population in case of mobilization.

H. PUBLIC EDUCATION

Cultural, educational, and scientific institutions in the city are as follows:
1. Workers' faculties and vocational schools — 9, including by specialty:
Workers' faculties - 2
Cooperative technical school - 1
Auto courses - 2
Food industry vocational school - 1 (at the Meat Processing Plant).
Printing vocational school - 1
Vocational school - 2

2. Technical schools - 9
Including by specialty:
Veterinary - 1
Pedagogical - 1
Land management - 1
Finance and Economics - 1
Irrigation - 1
Construction - 1
Medical - 1
Road construction - 1
Musical - 1

3. Higher education institutions - 4
Including: Agricultural School - 1 Veterinary School - 1 Pedagogical Institute - 1 Veterinary Institute - 1

4. Scientific institutions - 4
Including:
Research Institute of Animal Husbandry — 1
Research Institute of Cultural Construction — 1
Local History Museum - 1
Art Gallery — 1

5. Clubs - 12, including trade union - 6.

6. Theaters - 1 - capacity of 1000 people

7. Cinemas - 8 - total capacity of up to 3000 people.

8. Primary schools - 30, including national - 4. Total number of students - 9342
including indigenous national - 972

9. Incomplete secondary schools - 11, including national - 2
Total number of students - 2963
including indigenous national - 211

10. Secondary schools - 3, including no national schools.
Total number of students - 367
including indigenous national - 105

11. Printing house - has a capacity of 63,000,000 printed sheets per year, fully meets the demand for publishing materials both in peacetime and wartime.

12. PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS:

In the city, 11 newspapers are published with a total circulation of 97,000 copies and one magazine.
Newspapers in Russian - 5,
National newspapers - 6,
Magazines - 1 national.

I. PUBLIC HEALTH

To conduct medical and preventive and sanitary measures both in peacetime and during mobilization, the City Council has the following medical and sanitary institutions:

The number of doctors available to the City Health Department is 74, dentists 12, and nursing staff 88.

The past year of 1934 is indicative of a significant increase in childhood infectious diseases (diphtheria and scarlet fever) and relapsing fever; regarding other acute infectious diseases, there is a significant decrease, the exact picture is outlined in the following table:

The past year brought a new disease to the city of Frunze - relapsing fever, the infections of this fever are imported, with more than half of the cases being among newcomers in the latent period of the disease from various places in the Union.

To combat epidemics, the City Health Department has:
a) Mobile paraformaldehyde chambers - 4 with a capacity of 45 sets per hour.
Of these: in ITPK-1;
City Hospital in Banya - 2.
b) Steam stationary chamber at the new bath - 1, with a capacity of 150 sets per hour.
c) Examination and disinfection squad - 1 consisting of 6 people.
d) Infectious disease department of the hospital with 60 beds.
e) Reserve inventory for deploying 200 beds.

Note: The only serious drawback of healthcare is the lack of doctors, and on average, each doctor has one or two additional jobs. Hence, the incompleteness of service — the need to ensure several medical points, speed in examinations, etc.

3. VETERINARY SERVICE

The city of Frunze has one veterinary clinic with a staff of 5 (1 veterinarian, 2 veterinary paramedics, and 2 veterinary sanitarians).

There is a Meat Inspection Station headed by a veterinarian.

In the village councils of the city, there is a veterinary paramedic section at the Moldovanovsky village council, and for 1935 it is planned to organize a veterinary paramedic section at the Privokzalo-Voznesensky village council.

In addition, some enterprises in the city have their own (departmental) veterinary workers, such as the Meat Processing Plant, Animal Husbandry Trust, etc.

There are also veterinary doctors at urban enterprises (transport), namely:
1. Cooperative farm - 1 veterinarian
2. Katonin factory - 1
3. Brewery - 1
4. Intergelpo - 1
5. Construction Trust - 1
6. Kyrgyzstorg - 1

Thus, veterinary services in the city, as well as military mobilization in terms of veterinary personnel, are sufficiently provided, if not at the expense of city (budget) veterinary workers, then at the expense of departmental veterinary personnel of enterprises located in the city.

The registration of horses in the city at the end of 1934 with the production of malleinization (for glanders) yielded favorable results in terms of health, except for scabies, which infected a significant number of horses.

The main drawback of veterinary services and veterinary support in case of mobilization is the complete absence of specialists in farriery (training forges and blacksmiths).

The construction of a training forge has begun, but its completion is not in sight.

It is necessary to complete the training forge and veterinary clinic.

J. WATER ISSUES AND IRRIGATION

The majority of urban agricultural lands are irrigated and are sufficiently provided with irrigation facilities, both headworks and distribution networks.

K. MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISES

1. WATER SUPPLY:

a) The beginning of water supply operation dates back to 1931.
b) The water supply system is gravity-fed.
c) Maximum capacity: source - 630 m3 per hour; network - 260 m3 per hour.
d) Total length of the water supply network (km) - 32.9
e) Street network of the water supply system (km) - 18.0
f) Number of household connections - 133, including industrial - 26
g) Number of street water supply columns - 24
h) Number of fire wells - 81

2. SEWAGE:

a) Number of carts - 1
b) Number of sewage tanks - 20
c) Possible removal of waste per day - 30 m3

3. MUNICIPAL BATHS:

a) Number of baths - 3
b) Their simultaneous capacity in soap - 264 people.


4. BATHS OF ENTERPRISES AND INSTITUTIONS:

In addition to municipal (city) baths, there are baths in some enterprises and institutions:
a) Intergelpo - for 30 people per hour.
b) Correctional facility - for 30 people per hour.
c) In Gorpo (at the cooperative farm) - for 30 people per hour.

Note: Gorpo baths (3) are of a cottage type.

5. FIRE PROTECTION

In total, there is 1 fire department in the city.
It has 70 people.

6. MARKET SQUARES

The city has three market squares, one in the city center, one in Dunganovka, and the third in the area of industrial enterprises (Brewery). All these squares are extremely polluted and require urgent cleaning. In autumn and spring, they are literally impassable.

7. PUBLIC TOILETS

Public toilets are insufficient in number, incredibly polluted, and of the most primitive design. In the event of mobilization - the gathering of people in the city (market squares) and the insufficiency of sewage services - these public places will serve as the most reliable means of epidemic outbreak.

The Presidium of the City Council must pay serious attention to these ("minor") issues.

L. EXTERNAL IMPROVEMENT OF THE CITY

1. Green plantings
The city of Frunze is abundant in green plantings (trees have been planted along all streets and sidewalks (poplar)). The total area of green plantings, including gardens, parks, courtyards, and streets, reaches up to 500 hectares.
Such an abundance of greenery is of great importance in terms of:
a) Reducing air dustiness in the summer.
b) Camouflaging individual military units in wartime.

2. Pavements - sidewalks, bridges
a) The total length of urban streets and passages is 153 km, including improved roads (paved) 12.27 km.
b) The total length of paved sidewalks is 24.3 km.
c) On all major highways, the presence of bridges, concrete pipes, and stone crossings over ditches allows the passage of loaded vehicles.

M. HOUSING FUND

1. The city has a total of 5530 houses, of which a significant proportion (90%) are one-story huts with an area of 25-70 m2.
2. The total area of all houses is 242.2 thousand m2.
3. The average living space norm is 3.6 m2.
4. In addition, on the outskirts of the city, there are so-called "nakhalki," Paris, etc., as well as yurts, accommodating an average of up to 10,000 people.
5. There is a hotel with 49 rooms (90 beds).
6. A communal house for 150 places (beds in a dormitory).

N. PUBLIC CATERING ESTABLISHMENTS

1. Canteens:
a) Their number is 70 (attached to industrial enterprises 20).
b) For how many dishes per day they are designed - 20000.
2. Kitchen factory - 1.
Number of possible dishes produced - 7000 lunches per day (from 2 blocks).
3. Bread factory - 1 with a capacity of 30,000 kilograms per day.

O. CITY BUDGET

For the year 1934, the city budget (consolidated) amounted to 8,076,900 rubles.

AIRCRAFT

In the city of Frunze, there is an airport located 6 kilometers from the city.

There is an aviation squadron of 4 OSO planes. One machine has a capacity of 1.5 tons for transporting fuel.

Service premises are partially available; in 1935, the construction of a 16-apartment building and a technical warehouse is planned.

Compiled by: Head of the 1st Department Pryakhin
(and clarified) Responsible executor Deza

CGA PD KR. F. 539. On. 1. D. 400. L. 29-45. Original.

On the construction of the Lenin monument in the city of Frunze. Document No. 95 (January 1935)