Commissioning of Evacuated Industry from Frontline Areas of the USSR in the City of Frunze in 1942
In response to the request of the Frunze Mechanical Plant, on February 2, 1942, the Executive Committee of the City Council allocated a plot of land to the People's Commissariat for Mortar Armament for the expansion of the plant's territory and the construction of workshops. A total of 28 industrial enterprises were evacuated to Frunze from the front-line regions of the country, including a knitwear factory, the "Zdorovye" pharmaceutical plant, and a porcelain factory from Kharkov. The Odessa glue factory, leather goods factories No. 1 and No. 6, leather goods and jute factories, leather factory No. 1, Rostov shoe factories No. 1 and No. 2, the First of May agricultural machinery plant from Berdyansk in the Zaporozhye region, Kursk knitwear factory No. 1, the Yeisk shoe factory from the Krasnodar region, Poltava shoe factory No. 2, and others. With immense enthusiasm, without sparing strength and energy, workers, engineering and technical personnel, and employees of the evacuated enterprises, together with the local population, worked 10-12 hours a day, ahead of the scheduled deadlines for the installation and commissioning of equipment.
This allowed for the rapid commissioning of many factories and plants at their new locations. For example, the equipment of the Berdyansk agricultural machinery plant, which arrived in Frunze in October 1941, was prepared for operation within 40 days at the production facilities of "Intergelpo" and "Mebelshchik" by November 25, 1941. A leather goods enterprise evacuated from Odessa was put into operation. By the end of 1941, evacuated enterprises in the forestry and food industries began operations. Most of them started producing above-plan output. By September 1942, the reorganization of industry for military purposes was completed, and the evacuated enterprises were restored. They contributed products to the defense fund of the country.
The industry of the capital of Kyrgyzstan became, as a component of the industry of the eastern part of the country, a forge of reserves for the Red Army.
Now, convoys carrying weapons, ammunition, and equipment were moving from east to west across the country. The Soviet state, under the most difficult conditions of war, carried out the evacuation of industrial enterprises and managed to organize the construction and commissioning of several new branches of industry in the rear regions. A vast defense effort unfolded here.
The main source of funding for defense needs and socio-economic development was the local budget of the Frunze City Council. During the war, the execution of the budget in millions of rubles was characterized by the following data:
The income and expenditure parts of the budget execution were reviewed and approved annually at sessions of the City Council. Due to the departure of a large number of able-bodied citizens to the front, the fulfillment of financial plans was threatened with disruption. Only the intense work of workers and employees during wartime allowed for the income part of the budget to be fulfilled and exceeded. The expenditure part of the budget was executed incompletely due to a lack of material resources for economic and cultural construction.
The 1941 budget, drawn up in peacetime, anticipated further growth of the city's economy and culture. However, due to the military actions of fascist Germany against our country, a reorganization was carried out for defense needs. In 1942, the budget was constructed with consideration of the wartime situation.
Overall, the budget of the city, which is the capital of the union republic, provided the opportunity to finance defense needs and cover expenses related to the development of the national economy, education, healthcare, and culture. The city's industry developed. In 1943, production output increased by 15% compared to 1942. In 1943, 2,627.6 thousand rubles were directed to the national economy, and 18,198 thousand rubles to socio-cultural activities. In 1943, benefits were provided to the families of military personnel in the city amounting to 523.6 thousand rubles, and in 1944, the amount was 697.2 thousand rubles.
A significant source of budget revenues was state loans, as one of the forms of voluntary participation of the population with their free funds in financing the defense and national economy of the country. By the decision of the city executive committee, district and city headquarters were established. The subscription for military loans in the city amounted to: in 1941 - 11,098.0 thousand, in 1942 - 17,507 thousand, in 1943 - 23,015 thousand, in 1944 - 27,380 thousand rubles. They significantly reduced the revenue inflow to the state budget. The subscription for military loans combined public and personal interests. By helping the state strengthen the military power of the country, in the post-war years, the population received significant income from the loans in the form of winnings.
The arrival of evacuated enterprises and population in October 1941 in Frunze
