Tynystanov Kasym (1901-1938)
Tynystanov Kasym (1901-1938) - linguist, poet, playwright, public figure, professor (1936).
He was born in the village of Chyrpykty on Issyk-Kul. He received his education in Muslim and Russian-native schools (1909-1916). In 1916, he fled to China with the rebels. From 1919 to 1924, he studied in Tashkent at the Kazakh-Kyrgyz Institute of Enlightenment.
While a student, he wrote the first textbook of the Kyrgyz language ("Okuu kitibi", 1924) in an Arabic script adapted for the Kyrgyz language.
In 1924, he was the secretary and head of the department of the Academic Center of the Turkestan ASSR, and in 1925, he became the editor of the first Kyrgyz newspaper "Erkin-Töo". In 1926, he participated in the Turkological Congress in Baku with a scientific report, advocating for the transition of Turkic scripts to Latin script. That same year, he published the textbook "Chotsdor uchun alippe".
In 1927, a textbook on Kyrgyz grammar ("Bizdin til") was published, and in 1928, a textbook "Ene tilibiz" was published in Latin script.
From 1927 to 1930, he worked as a researcher and director of the Kyrgyz Institute of Cultural Construction. His works published in the 1930s ("Kyrgyz tilinin terminologiyalyk sezdugu", 1933; "Kyrgyz tilinin morfologiyasy", 1934; "Kyrgyz adabiy tilinin zany orfografiyasy", 1934; "Kyrgyz tilinin sintaksisi", 1936, etc.) laid the foundations of modern Kyrgyz linguistics.
In 1935, at his initiative, work began on the translation of the epic "Manas" into Russian, and the first republican scientific conference was organized.
He was accused of "bourgeois nationalism". In 1937, he was employed at the Institute of the Peoples of the East of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Moscow). However, he was arrested and executed a year later (1938). He was rehabilitated twice (1958, 1988).
