The authors of the study emphasize that the question of choosing the most effective surgical intervention method for liver echinococcosis remains relevant. Previously, preference was given to organ-preserving surgeries; however, in recent years, there has been an increase in the use of radical treatment methods for this disease.
The aim of this study was to analyze both the immediate and long-term outcomes of surgical interventions performed using organ-preserving and radical methods.
The study involved 359 patients suffering from hydatid echinococcosis of the liver. Of these, primary echinococcosis was identified in 299 individuals (83.3%), and recurrent echinococcosis was found in 60 (16.7%). The group comprised 176 men (49%) and 183 women (51%).
Traditional organ-preserving surgeries were performed on 232 patients (64.4%). In this case, the postoperative mortality rate was 0.9% (2 patients), and complications occurred in 44 patients (18.9%). Recurrences of the disease were observed in 12 patients (5.2%). The most common complication was a residual cavity, identified in 28 individuals (12.1%), of whom 10 (4.3%) developed suppuration.
Radical surgical intervention was performed on 127 patients, with a fatal outcome in 2 cases (1.6%). After the operation, complications arose in 14 individuals (11%), predominantly hemorrhagic and biliary complications—9 patients. Intra-abdominal bleeding was observed in 5 individuals: in 4 cases it was moderate and was managed with conservative therapy, while one patient required relaparotomy. Liver failure developed in two patients after extensive liver resections; however, both cases were successfully managed with medication.
In conclusion, the authors note that radical removal of the fibrous capsule with pericystic tissues (pericystectomy, liver resection) demonstrates higher results in both the short-term and long-term perspectives in the treatment of liver echinococcosis.
