According to information from the UN News Service, the recommendations concern glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, including medications such as liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide. The document contains guidelines for the safe use of these drugs as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. However, the recommendations are conditional due to a lack of long-term safety data, uncertainty regarding weight maintenance after therapy ends, as well as high costs and risks of unequal access in different countries.
According to WHO data, more than one billion people worldwide suffer from obesity, which was responsible for 3.7 million deaths in 2024. If active measures are not taken, the number of people with obesity could double by 2030, creating a huge burden on healthcare systems and leading to global economic losses estimated at $3 trillion per year.
WHO emphasizes that obesity is not just a result of lifestyle choices. It is a complex and chronic condition influenced by genetic factors, biological mechanisms, the environment, and social conditions.
Obesity is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, and certain types of cancer, and it exacerbates the course of many infectious diseases. For most people, it is extremely difficult to lose weight and maintain it at a healthy level without medical assistance.
GLP-1 medications mimic the action of a natural hormone that regulates appetite, blood sugar levels, and digestive processes. In patients with obesity, these drugs can significantly aid in weight loss and improve health outcomes.
Read more on the topic Every fourth adult in the KR suffers from obesity, and the risk among children is increasing
In 2025, WHO included these medications in the List of Essential Medicines for the treatment of type II diabetes in high-risk groups, and in the new recommendations, allows for their long-term use in adults with obesity, except during pregnancy.
The organization emphasizes that pharmacotherapy cannot be the sole solution to the problem of obesity. The most effective approach involves a combination of medications with proper nutrition, regular physical activity, as well as long-term monitoring and support from specialists.
WHO reiterates that combating the obesity epidemic requires not only the efforts of patients but also systemic measures from governments and industry.
The demand for GLP-1 medications significantly exceeds supply. Even with increased production, WHO estimates that by 2030, less than 10% of those who need these medications will have access to them.
Without thoughtful government policy, existing inequalities in healthcare may increase. WHO recommends that countries implement mechanisms for joint procurement, fair pricing, and voluntary licensing.
Additionally, WHO warns of the growing circulation of counterfeit and substandard GLP-1 medications due to the global shortage. The organization calls for strict regulation of supplies, rational prescribing of medications, and enhanced quality control.
