"‘They said I am not Kazakh.’ Hundreds of repatriates from Afghanistan have lost their citizenship in Kazakhstan and live in a state of limbo."
Ainuddin, a native of the Afghan province of Kunduz, first set foot on Kazakh soil in 2016. He arrived in Kazakhstan with a group of students enrolled in preparatory courses at an Almaty university. Being the only one who spoke Kazakh, he acted as a translator between the Afghan students and local teachers. Two years later, Ainuddin enrolled in Karaganda Technical University, where he obtained a residence permit and a kanda certificate. He submitted documents for Kazakh citizenship, attaching