In Kyrgyzstan, the system for early detection and treatment of retinopathy in premature infants is actively developing — a condition that can only occur in those born prematurely. Without timely medical assistance, this can lead to complete irreversible blindness, as reported by the press center of the Ministry of Health.
According to ophthalmologist Alina Sagynbekova from the National Center for Maternal and Child Health (NCOMCH), the pathology is associated with the insufficient maturity of the vascular membrane and other structures of the eye. Retinopathy does not form at birth but develops as the baby grows, making regular examinations especially important.
It is important to note that retinopathy of prematurity can be diagnosed in the first three weeks of life. All newborns born before 35 weeks of gestation must undergo an examination by an ophthalmologist. In Bishkek, such examinations are conducted at NCOMCH, and in the regions — at central regional hospitals, where doctors have received the necessary training for screening this condition.
Experts emphasize that parents often cannot independently notice the onset of the disease, so consulting specialists in the first weeks of life is critically important.
Retinopathy has several stages, and the first two require dynamic observation. In some cases, changes may resolve on their own as the child grows. However, if the condition progresses, the child may require specialized treatment.
Ignoring examination or treatment can lead to complete vision loss and disability.
Modern therapeutic methods show high effectiveness: according to global and local statistical data, 89–90% of children retain good vision after timely intervention. In some cases, there may be impairments that can be corrected with glasses.
Every year, the coverage of examinations and support for premature children increases in Kyrgyzstan. Previously, the main focus was on identifying pathology, and now a comprehensive system for monitoring and treatment is being formed.
During the period from 2024 to 2025, the volume of ophthalmological care for at-risk children significantly increased in the country. The total number of examinations rose from 851 to 2,584. Initial examinations increased from 881 to 940, while follow-up examinations significantly rose from 970 to 1,644. This indicates regular dynamic observation and improvement in the quality of medical support.
Since the beginning of 2024, surgeries for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity have been conducted for the first time at NCOMCH, marking an important step in the development of the system. The number of children receiving specialized treatment increased from 42 in 2024 to 79 in 2025.
Doctors today use modern techniques such as laser coagulation and anti-VEGF therapy, supported by the High Technology Fund of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, as well as combined approaches.
This indicates a transition to a sustainable model of active treatment for retinopathy in premature children in the country.
Specialists remind that every premature child needs to be examined not only by an ophthalmologist but also by an ENT specialist, neurologist, and pediatrician. A comprehensive approach and early monitoring are key to timely identifying possible deviations and maintaining the child's health.
