Kyrgyzstan: The Gap Between the Parallels. An Analysis of the "North-South" Phenomenon and Scenarios for Overcoming It
This topic is a consequence of institutional failures and geographical fragmentation. Historians assert that the division into north and south in Kyrgyzstan became relevant only during the Soviet period. Prior to that, Kyrgyz people were not divided into southerners and northerners, as they were under the rule of various states, such as the Kokand Khanate, the Bukhara Emirate, and the empires of Russia and China. With the formation of a unified Kyrgyzstan in the form of the Kara-Kyrgyz