The specialist in thoracic oncology deals with the surgical treatment of both malignant and benign tumors of the chest organs.
- What lung diseases are most commonly observed in Kyrgyzstan?
- The most common lung diseases are ARVI, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and allergic reactions.
- What data on lung disease incidence was recorded last year?
- Lung diseases account for about 30% of all registered diseases.
- How have mortality rates from lung diseases changed in recent years?
- Overall, mortality has slightly decreased; however, there is an increase in Bishkek, which is related to the consequences of COVID-19. After the pandemic, the number of hidden forms of diseases, such as pneumonia, which can develop into oncology or tuberculosis, has increased. This, in turn, has raised public awareness of the need for preventive examinations. Previously, people only consulted doctors when symptoms were present, but now many undergo examinations on their own.
- Is there an increase in diseases among the youth?
- No, there is no noticeable increase among the youth; however, the overall population is growing. Young people also face respiratory diseases, such as asthma, which is related to the high level of allergens in food products.
- Why has bronchial asthma become more common among the younger generation?
- This is a result of the impact of ecology and diet, which negatively affect lung health.
- Can asthma be completely cured?
- Asthma cannot be completely cured. It is a chronic disease that can be managed by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and receiving timely treatment. However, if the regimen is disrupted, the condition may worsen.
- How does lung condition change with age?
- With age, the lungs lose their elasticity, gas exchange is impaired, and the cleansing function weakens. Ventilation and immune protection also deteriorate.
- How does polluted air affect the health of the respiratory system?
- Polluted air, ecology, and stress caused by urbanization negatively impact not only the respiratory system but also all organs, including the cardiovascular system. Smog is particularly dangerous, as polluted particles settle in the lungs and can lead to various diseases.
- What examinations are recommended and how often should they be conducted?
- People over 18 should undergo fluorography annually. If changes are detected, further examinations should be conducted.
- How can one protect their lungs in a polluted environment and during cold season?
- It is recommended to spend more time outdoors, going out of town, as well as maintaining a proper diet and taking vitamins to strengthen the immune system.
- Should air purifiers and humidifiers be used in addition to ventilation?
- Absolutely. Ventilation during smog leads to polluted air entering the premises. An air purifier should be used daily to maintain circulation, while a humidifier should be used as needed.
- What harmful habits can negatively affect the respiratory system that many may not realize?
- One such habit is smoking. Professional risks can also arise for people working in polluted air conditions. It is also important to walk outdoors, even when there is smog, choosing places with plenty of trees. Some heating devices can dry the air significantly, so having a humidity sensor would be beneficial.
- What is the smoking statistics in Kyrgyzstan?
- About 25% of adults over 16 smoke cigarettes, among which only 2-3% are women.
- What lung diseases are most commonly associated with smoking?
- These include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer.
- How quickly does lung function deteriorate in smokers?
- In smokers, lung function deteriorates 2-3 times faster than in non-smokers. They experience faster hypertrophy of the bronchial mucosa, leading to loss of elasticity and impairment of the lung's cleansing functions.
- What are the most effective methods for quitting smoking?
- The main one is the awareness of the need to quit smoking. Nicotine replacement therapy is also used: gums, patches, and medications. However, without psychological readiness, these methods may be ineffective.
- What should one do if attempts to quit smoking have not been successful?
- It is necessary to continue trying and not give up. The first attempt may not succeed, but it is important to work on oneself and strive for a gradual cessation of smoking.
- Who should a person wishing to quit smoking turn to?
- It is recommended to consult a family doctor, pulmonologist, as well as a psychologist or addiction specialist.
- How does passive smoking affect the health of non-smokers?
- Cigarette smoke contains toxins that are inhaled not only by smokers but also by those nearby. In poorly ventilated rooms, this can lead to similar harm.
- How dangerous are electronic cigarettes compared to regular ones?
- Vapes are still not well studied and may be more harmful than traditional cigarettes, as they contain unknown chemicals and nicotine.
- How does smoking affect the entire body?
- Smoking negatively affects not only the lungs but also the heart, stomach, and other organs. It can lead to gastritis, ulcers, and cancer. Out of 50 cases of lung cancer, 40 patients were smokers.
Thank you for the interview.
