This project aims to assist municipal bodies, state institutions, and communal enterprises in establishing a unified understanding of the types of municipal waste and improving the planning of their management system.
List of Waste
The government proposes the following list of municipal waste:| 1 | Expired, rejected, contaminated food products, canned goods that have lost consumer properties | Contaminated food products, canned goods that have lost consumer properties, dairy products, juice-containing beverages, alcoholic drinks, meat, fish, food, semi-finished products, bakery products, confectionery, etc. |
| 2 | Food waste, including from public catering | Food leftovers, bones, spoiled vegetables and fruits, their peels, husks, leaves, single-use tea bags, tea leaves, etc. |
| 3 | Broken kitchen utensils | Shattered dishes, kitchen inventory, fragments of ceramic, clay, porcelain dishes, etc. |
| 4 | Spoiled, heavily contaminated, wet food packaging that is unsuitable for recycling | Contaminated packaging, Tetra Paks, plastic bottles, aluminum, glass containers, wrappers from candies, chocolate, etc. |
| 5 | Used hygiene and cosmetic products, waste from households, institutions, warehouses, lacking valuable components | Napkins, diapers, cotton swabs, cotton pads, personal hygiene products, toilet paper, contraceptives, folders, box files, pens, pencils, pill packaging, toothbrushes, disposable gloves and masks, tubes from toothpaste, creams, razors, blister packs from pills, bottles from cosmetics and perfumes, etc. |
| 6 | Wood products | Tables, chairs, furniture, frames, cabinets, boxes, pallets, shavings, sawdust, waste from carpentry workshops, etc. |
| 7 | Residues from heating installations, stoves | Ash, remnants, resin, slag, mechanical impurities from fuels and lubricants, etc. |
| 8 | Contaminated textile waste | Oily, contaminated rags, scraps, cloth, small piece sewing waste, threads, special uniforms, sponges, rags, carpets, mats, runners, etc. |
| 9 | Construction and installation waste | Fragments of bricks, roofing materials, cement-bitumen, clay-saman mixtures, wallpapers, plastic corners, except for waste with hazardous chemical composition (putties, polystyrene, asbestos-containing products, glass wool, slate, paints, construction and household adhesives, linoleum, laminate, fragments of tiles, fibrous insulation materials, bitumen, old materials, etc.) |
| 10 | Contaminated packaging from paints, finishing materials, oils, reagents, unsuitable for recycling | Cans and containers of paints, varnishes, aerosols, foams, solvents, bitumens, putties, adhesives, various chemical construction and installation mixtures, etc. |
| 11 | Compost waste | Food scraps, organic matter, tops, leaves, manure, sawdust, sludge, fallen leaves, branches, straw, shavings, etc. |
| 12 | Plant, garden waste | Mowed grass, herbaceous plants and their parts; woody-shrub waste, including dried ones, including cuttings, branches, shoots, flowers, leaves, and other parts of woody, shrub, and decorative plants, acorns, fallen dried berries, fruits, etc. |
| 13 | Waste from production, organizations, hotels, public catering, salons, hairdressers, recreation areas, and other institutions, similar to household waste | Contaminated packaging, Tetra Paks, food and drink bottles. Leftovers from public catering, production, expired food products, office, stationery waste, care products, cosmetics, and hygiene, etc. |
| 14 | Street and yard sweepings | A mixture of leaves, grass, soil, branches, and dust, clay, sand, cigarette butts, seed husks, glass shards, dust, sand, soil, small litter, foliage, plant residues, and other impurities collected during sanitation cleaning |
| 15 | Broken pieces of electrical and electronic equipment, without valuable components | Trimmings and pieces of rubber, rubber, USB cables, broken small parts of electrical appliances, broken circuit boards, electrical wires, lamp shards, etc. |
| 16 | Accessories | Earrings (costume jewelry), chains (costume jewelry), rings (costume jewelry), keychains, broken glasses, hairpins, mirrors, etc. |
| 17 | Old and broken plumbing | Toilets, sinks, bathtubs, etc. |
According to the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic, there has been an increase in the volume of municipal waste over the past five years. Moreover, one of the serious sanitary and environmental problems is the constant increase in the number of illegal landfills of solid household waste.
As of 2022, the accumulated production and consumption waste in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic, including mining dumps, amounts to 2 billion 777 million 679.3 thousand tons, while the annual waste generation is 194,640.3 thousand tons. Of this volume, only 123.1 thousand tons have been recycled or reused, and 1 thousand tons have been destroyed. In total, about 200 enterprises are engaged in the collection and recycling of waste, including secondary raw materials.
A clear separation of useful waste from garbage (for example, sweepings, foliage, vegetation, construction waste, and ash) at the initial stage can significantly enhance the efficiency of recycling useful materials without mixing and contamination.
The explanatory note emphasizes: "The lack of a clear list of municipal waste complicates the identification of individual types of waste, creating legal uncertainty for local self-government bodies and participants in the waste management sector. This negatively affects the processes of separate collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of waste, as well as complicates the planning and functioning of the municipal waste management system. This also complicates the calculation of waste generation norms and the formation of fair tariffs for services related to their collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal, as well as the development of state and regional programs in this area."
There are also risks of uncontrolled inclusion of hazardous waste in the composition of municipal waste generated from production activities, which can lead to cross-subsidization and distortion of the tariff burden for citizens.
The authors believe that the adoption of this draft resolution will establish a unified and comprehensive list of municipal waste, ensuring consistent application of legal norms by all participants in the waste management system.
The approval of the new list will provide a legal framework for the correct delineation of municipal and other types of waste, contributing to the optimization of their collection processes, including separate collection, improving sorting and recycling of waste, as well as ensuring reasonable planning of the infrastructure of the waste management system.
